LO150_EN_Col14_FT_Part_A4 (第8页) | ERP软件技术分享

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Unit 6

Sales and Distribution: Stock

Shortage

Unit Overview

ThislessonwillprovideanoverviewonhowtheSalesandDistribution

processisaffectedbyastockshortage. Youwillbecomefamiliarwiththe

effectsoftheshortageandbeabletoidentifyoptionsforprocessingasales

order,deliveryandbillingdocumentinashortagesituation.

Unit Objectives

Aftercompletingthisunit, youwillbe able to:

• Processsalesorderswheninsufficientstockisavailabletomeetthe

order requirements

• Determinetherequirementsfortheavailabilitycheck

• Selectoptionsprovidedintheavailabilitycontrolscreen

• Setcustomerdeliveryagreementsinthesalesorder

• Identifythescopeofcheckusedinanavailabilitycheck

• Determinetherequirementspassedtomaterialsmanagement

• Determinethematerialavailabilitydateinthegivencasestudies

• Determineifasalesorderitemisabackorderitem

• Processdeliverieswithpartialdeliveryquantities

• Createaninvoiceforadeliverythatisshorttherequiredquantities

specified by the order item

Unit Contents

Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage ..................................279

Exercise 19: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage ..................287

Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage..........................................295

Exercise 20: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage..........................305

Shipping: Stock Shortage......................................................311

Exercise 21: Shipping: Stock Shortage......................................315

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Billing Process: Stock Shortage ..............................................321

Exercise 22: Billing: Stock Shortage.........................................323

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LO150 Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

Lesson Overview

This lesson will identify the requirements forexecuting the availability

check and provide instruction on how sales ordersare processed when

insufficient stock is available.

Lesson Objectives

Aftercompleting this lesson, youwillbeable to:

• Processsalesorderswheninsufficientstockisavailabletomeetthe

order requirements

• Determinetherequirementsfortheavailabilitycheck

• Selectoptionsprovidedintheavailabilitycontrolscreen

• Setcustomerdeliveryagreementsinthesalesorder

Business Example

Yourcustomerhasrequestedmaterialsforwhichthereisinsufficientstock.

To bestmeet yourcustomer’sneeds, youwilluse theAvailabilitycontrol

screeninthesalesordertoreviewstockavailabilityandconfirmmaterials

foryourcustomer’sorderfromasecondaryplant.

Availability Checking in the Sales Order

Figure 87: Availability Check in the Sales Order

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Theavailabilitycheckiscarriedoutduringsalesorderprocessingif:

• Thematerialinthesalesorderhasbeenmaintainedinthematerial

master on the Sales: General/Plant Data view to indicate that an

availability check should be carried out.

• Thecontroltablesinconfigurationhavebeenmaintainedtosupport

the availability check in the sales order.

Material Availability Date

Figure 88: Material Availability Date

Theavailabilitycheckwillbecarriedoutlookingforavailablematerialson

thematerialavailabilitydate. Thedeliveryscheduleisusedtodetermine

thematerialavailabilitydate (intheschedulelinedetails). Thematerial

availability date is the date at which materials must be available to be

processed anddeliveredto thecustomerontime.

R/3 uses backward or forward scheduling to determine the material

availability date of the sales orderline item.

During backwardandforward scheduling R/3willconsiderlead times

neededforpicking,packing,loadingandtransportingthematerials.

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LO150 Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

Availability Check in the Delivering Plant

Figure 89: Availability Check in the Delivering Plant

Theavailabilitycheckiscarriedoutinthedeliveringplantidentifiedfor

the sales order line item.

In order to identify the delivering plant from which to execute the

availabilitycheck,R/3willcarryoutplantdeterminationforeachlineitem

inthesalesorder. Plantdeterminationiscarriedoutasfollows:

1. Customer-materialinformation record

2. Ship-to party customer master record

3. Material master

Youcanmanuallychangethedefaultdeliveringplant.

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

Availability Control

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LO150 Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

Figure 90: Availability Control Screen in the Create Sales Order

Transaction

If the materialordered by the customeris not available on the material

availabilitydatedeterminedbythedeliveryschedule,R/3automatically

branchestotheAvailabilitycontrolscreen. Thecontrolscreenoffersdelivery

proposals for selection. The system determines these proposals on the

basis of the stock availability situation.

Duringthecheckformaterials,R/3takesintoconsiderationanycustomer

deliveryagreementsthatmayexistinthecustomermasterorinthesales

order. You will receive a warning message if you attempt to accept a

deliveryproposalandthecustomeronlyacceptscompletedeliveries.

TheAvailabilitycontrolscreenalsoprovidesyouwithinformationonthe

scopeofcheck,thecurrentATPquantity,andtheavailabilitysituationin

other plants (see the application toolbar level of the Availability control

screen for these options).

In the Availability control screen you can choose from the following

proposals:

• One Time Delivery—The system checks whether the sales order

item’soriginalrequesteddeliverydatecanbemet. Ifstockisavailable

tomakeadeliveryontheoriginalrequesteddeliverydate,thestock

quantity is confirmed to the date posted here. If there is no stock

available, confirmedquantityzeroisdisplayed(inastockshortage

situation, this will be the case).

• CompleteDelivery—Ifthecustomerrequiresacompletedeliveryfor

theorderitemandthereissufficientstockavailableatalaterdateto

covertheentirerequiredquantityinthesalesorderitem,thesystem

proposes the confirmed date here.

• DeliveryProposal–Ifthecustomerallowspartialdeliveriestocover

theamount requestedontheoriginaldeliverydate, R/3checkson

whichdatespartialdeliveriescanbemadeinordertodeliveratleast

apartialquantitytothecustomer. Partialdeliveriesmaybeproposed

for different dates.

• OtherPlants—Ifthematerialismaintainedinanalternateplant,you

canbranchtostockoverviewforthatplant. Ifaquantityisavailable,

youcancopytherequirementtothealternateplant.

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

Customer Delivery Agreements

Figure 91: Customer Delivery Agreements in the Sales Order

The indicator for controlling complete/partial customer delivery

agreementsisproposedfromthecustomermasterrecord. Thecomplete

deliveryindicatoriscopiedintotheheaderofthesalesorderandtheline

items. Thisagreementindicatesthattheorder’scompleteditemsshould

bedeliveredtogether,withnopartialdeliveriesallowed.

The partialdelivery agreement is copied into the line items of the sales

order. Complete/partialdelivery proposals atthe itemlevelcouldalso

come from a customer-material information record if one exists. These

complete/partial delivery indicators can be manually changed during

sales order entry.

Subsequentdeliveryprocessingwillbeaffectedbythecustomerdelivery

agreements in the sales order.

ThefollowingcustomerdeliveryagreementscanbesetinR/3:

• Partialdeliverypermitted: Youcanenterasmanypartialdeliveries

asyouwishforanorderitemuntilthemaximumnumberpermitted

isreached. Ifthelastdeliverydoesnotresultintheentireoutstanding

orderquantitybeingreached,youreceiveawarningmessage. Inthis

situation, you can create a partial delivery. The order item is then

regardedaspartiallydelivered. Oncethematerialbecomesavailable

again,youwouldcreateanotherpartialdelivery. Thisprocesswould

continueuntiltheitemisfullydeliveredorthemaximumnumberof

deliveries has been reached (max 1–9).

• A—Enter adelivery with quantity not equal to 0: If the delivery

quantityonthisdateisnotthesameastheoutstandingorderquantity,

youwillreceiveawarningmessage. Ifthedeliveryquantityisgreater

thanzero,thesystemmarkstheorderascomplete. Thisindicatoris

used,forexample,whenthecustomerwantsyoutoshipasmuchas

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LO150 Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

possible on a particulardate. If the delivery quantity falls short of

the order quantity, the customer wants the order to be marked as

complete(thecustomerwantsno backorders).

• B—Onlycreatea delivery (also with quantity= 0): Thisdelivery

shouldfullysatisfytheorderquantity. Ifthedeliveryquantitydoes

not correspond to the outstanding orderquantity, youwillreceive

a warning message. Any delivery quantity, even zero, completes

processingoftheorder. Thisindicatorcanbeused,forexample,for

customers who want no backorders to be generated, even when a

delivery quantity is zero.

• C—Onlycompletedeliverycanbecarriedout: Completedelivery

is required for an order item (the customer will only accept a full

and complete delivery amount).

• D— No limit to subsequent deliveries: If this indicatorisset, the

order will never show a complete delivery for this line until you

enterareasonforrejectionintheline. Youcanenteranynumberof

subsequentdeliveriesforanorderitemuntilthemaximumnumber

ofpartialdeliveries permittedisreached. Youcanover-deliverthe

original order quantity in the process. An order item can only be

assignedthecompletedstatusmanually. Afteryouassignthisstatus,

nofurtherdeliveriescanbecreated. Youcancreateapartialdelivery

andthengoontocreateanynumberofsubsequentdeliveries. aslong

asyoudonotmanuallymarktheitemascompleted.

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

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LO150 Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

Exercise 19: Sales Order Processing –

Stock Shortage

Exercise Objectives

Aftercompletingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Process sales orders for which the required stock quantity is not

available

Business Example

Yourcustomerhasrequestedmaterialsforwhichthereisinsufficientstock.

To bestmeet yourcustomer’sneeds, youwilluse theAvailabilitycontrol

screeninthesalesordertoreviewstockavailabilityandconfirmmaterials

foryourcustomer’sorderfromanotherplant.

Task 1 Check a material master for an availability

check routine

Determine whetherornotanavailabilitycheckwillbecarried outfora

particular material.

1. WillanavailabilitychecktakeplaceforthematerialnumberT-AS5##

during order entry in plant 1000? Check the material master to

determine.

________________

Task 2 Determine the delivering plant in the material

master

Checkthematerialmastertodeterminethedeliveringplantforwhichthe

availability check will be carried out.

1. Determinewhichdeliveringplantisproposedinthematerialmaster

record ofmaterialT-AS5##insalesorganization1000, distribution

channel 12.

____________________

2. Determine the deliveringplant thatwillbeproposedduring order

entrywithcustomerT-S50B##insalesorganization1000,distribution

channel 12, division 00.

___________________

Hint: Youwillfindthisanswerinthecustomermasterrecord.

Continued on next page

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

Task 3 Create a sales order for a material with a stock

shortage

Youreceivedapurchaseorderfrom yourcustomer. Youentertheorder

anddiscoverastockshortage. UsetheAvailabilitycontrolscreentomeet

your customer’s requirements.

1. Createastandardorderbasedonthecustomer’spurchaseorder.

Customer P.O.

Customer: T-S50B##

Purchase order number: 7-311–##

Required delivery date: in 5 days

Material: T-AS5##

Quantity: 25

Hint: IfyouleavetheAvailabilityControlscreen,youcancall

itupagainbyselectingCheckitemavailabilityIcon.

2. Forwhichplantisavailabilityofthismaterialchecked1000or1400?

__________________

3. How many units can be confirmed for the required delivery

date?_________________

4. Onwhatdatewillthecompletequantitybeconfirmed?

___________________________

5. Accept the delivery proposal in the availability controlscreen (use

thegreenchecktodo so)and returntotheSalesOverviewscreenin

the sales order.

Displaytheschedulelinesforitem10. Whyaretheretwoschedule

lines for this item?

______________________________________________________________________________

6. Savetheorderand record the ordernumber.

________________

Continued on next page

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LO150 Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

Task 4 Change the delivering plant

Yourcustomerhasonceagainrequestedamaterialthathasainventory

shortageinplant1000. Duringorderprocessing,youwillcheckavailability

inasecondaryplant(1400)andcopythesalesorderrequirementstothat

plant.

1. Createastandardorderbasedonthefollowingpurchaseorder:

Purchase Order

Customer: T-S50B##

Purchase order number: 7-411–##

Required delivery date: in 10 days

Material: T-AS5##

Quantity: 25

Hint: Ifyouleavetheavailabilitycontrolscreen,youcancall

itupagainbyselectingtheCheckitemavailabilityiconfromthe

bottom of the Order screen.

2. Sinceplant1400hasavailablequantitiesofyourmaterial. Changethe

deliveringplantforthematerialfromwithinthecontrolscreen.

______________

Hint: Tocheckavailabilityforanotherplant, choose: Other

plantspush-buttonontheapplicationtoolbar.

3. Howmanyunitsareconfirmedinyourorderfromplant1400forthe

required delivery date?

_________________

4. Save the order and record the number.

_____________________

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

Solution 19: Sales Order Processing –

Stock Shortage

Task 1 Check a material master for an availability

check routine

Determinewhetherornotanavailabilitycheck willbecarried out fora

particular material.

1. WillanavailabilitychecktakeplaceforthematerialnumberT-AS5##

during order entry in plant 1000? Check the material master to

determine.

________________

→ → → →

a) Logistics Sales and distribution Master data Products

→ →

Material Trading goods Display.

b) Choose the Sales: General/Plant view.

c) Plant: 1000

d) Yes,anavailabilitychecktakesplaceforthismaterial(checking

group 01 daily requirement).

Task 2 Determine the delivering plant in the material

master

Checkthematerialmastertodeterminethedeliveringplantforwhichthe

availability check will be carried out.

1. Determinewhichdeliveringplantisproposedinthematerialmaster

recordofmaterialT-AS5##insalesorganization 1000, distribution

channel 12.

____________________

→ → → →

a) Logistics Sales and distribution Master data Products

→ →

Material Trading goods Display. Enter sales org 1000 for

channel 12.

b) ChooseSales: Sales Org. Data 1view.

c) Delivering plant field: 1400

2. Determine thedeliveringplant thatwillbeproposedduring order

entrywithcustomerT-S50B##insalesorganization1000,distribution

channel 12, division 00.

Continued on next page

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LO150 Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

___________________

Hint: Youwillfindthisanswerinthecustomermasterrecord.

→ → →

a) Logistics Sales and distribution Master data Business

→ → → →

partners Customer Display SalesandDistribution Enter.

b) DisplaytheSalesAreaData: Shippingview.

c) Deliveringplant1000isproposedforthiscustomer.

Task 3 Create a sales order for a material with a stock

shortage

Youreceivedapurchase orderfromyourcustomer. Youentertheorder

anddiscoverastockshortage. UsetheAvailabilitycontrolscreentomeet

your customer’s requirements.

1. Createastandardorderbasedonthecustomer’spurchaseorder.

Customer P.O.

Customer: T-S50B##

Purchase order number: 7-311–##

Required delivery date: in 5 days

Material: T-AS5##

Quantity: 25

Hint: IfyouleavetheAvailabilityControlscreen,youcancall

itupagainbyselectingCheckitemavailabilityIcon.

→ → → →

a) Logistics Salesanddistribution Sales Order Create

b) As there is not enough material available for the required

deliverydate,thesystemdisplaystheAvailabilitycontrolscreen

during order entry.

2. Forwhichplantisavailabilityofthismaterialchecked1000or1400?

__________________

a) Plant 1000

In the availability controlscreen you can see the plant that is

being checked.

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

3. How many units can be confirmed for the required delivery

date?_________________

a) Nothingcanbeconfirmedfortherequireddeliverydate.

4. Onwhatdatewillthecompletequantitybeconfirmed?

___________________________

a) Review the Complete delivery and Delivery Proposal fields in

the availability control screen. Select the push-button for the

confirmed quantity.

5. Accept the delivery proposal in the availability controlscreen (use

thegreenchecktodo so)and returntotheSalesOverviewscreenin

the sales order.

Displaytheschedulelinesforitem10. Whyaretheretwoschedule

lines for this item?

______________________________________________________________________________

a) ChooseScheduleslinesforitemiconfromthebottomofthescreen.

b) Thefirstshowsthecustomer’srequesteddeliverydatewithan

unconfirmedquantity. Thesecondschedulelineshowsthenew

proposeddeliverydateandtheconfirmedquantity.

6. Savetheorderand record the ordernumber.

________________

a) Select Save.

b) Thedocumentnumberisassignedbythesystem.

Task 4 Change the delivering plant

Yourcustomerhasonceagainrequestedamaterialthathasainventory

shortageinplant1000. Duringorderprocessing,youwillcheckavailability

inasecondaryplant(1400)andcopythesalesorderrequirementstothat

plant.

1. Createastandardorderbasedonthefollowingpurchaseorder:

Continued on next page

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LO150 Lesson: Sales Order Processing – Stock Shortage

Purchase Order

Customer: T-S50B##

Purchase order number: 7-411–##

Required delivery date: in 10 days

Material: T-AS5##

Quantity: 25

Hint: Ifyouleavetheavailabilitycontrolscreen,youcancall

itupagainbyselectingtheCheckitemavailabilityiconfromthe

bottom of the Order screen.

→ → → →

a) Logistics Salesanddistribution Sales Order Create.

Note: Asthereisnotasufficientamountavailableforthe

requireddeliverydate,thesystemgoestotheAvailability

control screen during orderentry.

2. Sinceplant1400hasavailablequantitiesofyourmaterial. Changethe

deliveringplantforthematerialfromwithinthecontrolscreen.

______________

Hint: Tocheckavailabilityforanotherplant, choose: Other

plantspush-buttonontheapplicationtoolbar.

→

a) In the Availability control screen, choose Other plants select:

Plant1400. ChooseCheckplantspush-button. Copyplanticon.

b) Thecompletequantitycan be confirmed ontherequired date

from plant 1400.

3. Howmanyunitsareconfirmedinyourorderfromplant1400forthe

required delivery date?

_________________

a) All 25 units.

Checktheschedulelineforconfirmationoftherequesteddate.

4. Save the order and record the number.

_____________________

a) Choose Save.

Thedocumentnumberisassignedbythesystem.

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Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Processsalesorderswheninsufficientstockisavailabletomeetthe

order requirements

• Determinetherequirementsfortheavailabilitycheck

• Selectoptionsprovidedintheavailabilitycontrolscreen

• Setcustomerdeliveryagreementsinthesalesorder

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LO150 Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

Lesson Overview

Thislessonwillprovideanexplanationofhowthescopeofcheckperforms

asacomponentoftheavailabilitycheck. Thelessonwillalsoexplainthe

transferofrequirementstoMaterialsManagementplanning.

Lesson Objectives

Aftercompleting this lesson, youwillbeable to:

• Identifythescopeofcheckusedinanavailabilitycheck

• Determinetherequirementspassedtomaterialsmanagement

• Determinethematerialavailabilitydateinthegivencasestudies

• Determineifasalesorderitemisabackorderitem

Business Example

Whilecarryingouttheavailabilitycheckforitemsinyoursalesorder,R/3

will look for stock availability in designated locations in an attempt to

fulfilltherequirementsofthesalesorderschedulelinequantities.

Scope of Check

Figure 92: Scope of Check

The scope of check defines which types of stock were included in the

availability check’ssearchforavailable materials. The scope ofcheckis

definedinpartbymasterdatasettingsandbyCustomizingsettings.

The scope of check can include on-hand stock, as well as inward and

outward stock movements.

Stock:

• Safety stock

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• Stock in transfer

• Quality inspection

• Blocked stock

Inward/outward movement of goods:

• Purchase requisitions

• Purchase orders

• Planned orders

• Production orders

• Reservations

• Dependent reservations

• Dependent requirements

• Sales requirements

• Delivery requirements

Transfer of Requirements

Figure 93: Transfer of Requirements

Duringsalesorderprocessing,theitemquantityisviewedasasimulated

requirement by R/3.

When the sales order is saved, the order’s schedule line quantities will

become a requirement and are then communicated from Sales and

DistributiontoMaterialsManagementviaatransferofrequirements.

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LO150 Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

Basedonthetransferofrequirements,materialrequirementsplanningis

informed of quantities that Sales and Distribution require for the sales

order. Ifsufficientquantitiesarenotavailabletocovertherequirements,

purchaseorderscanbecreatedinPurchasingonthebasisofthetransferof

requirements within automatic planning.

Therequirementtypecaninfluencehowtherequirementsarepassedto

Materials Management.

Uponcompletionofthetransferofrequirements,futureavailabilitychecks

of the same material will recognize your sales order’s schedule line

quantity as an existing requirement.

Afteryoudeliveryoursalesorderandthedeliverydocumentispostgoods

issued,therequirementforyoursalesorder’smaterialwillberelievedin

thematerialsmanagementstockrequirementslist.

Case Study 1

Figure 94: Case Study 1: Confirmation of Required Delivery Date

Youenterasalesorderfor10unitsofmaterial. Thesystemusesdelivery

scheduling(backwardscheduling)todeterminethematerialavailability

date. R/3 executes the availability check looking for material to be

available for this date.

The availability check includes:

• Current stock

• Planned inward movements (such as purchase orders, purchase

requisitions and planned orders)

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• Planned outward movements (such as existing sales orders or

deliveries).

Incasestudy1,thesituationregardinginwardmovementsisasfollows:

• Stock: 100 pieces

• Existinginboundpurchaseorderswithquantitiesof50and60units

Thefollowingfutureoutwardmovementsalsoalreadyexist:

• Existing sales orderswith requirement quantitiesof 100, 40and 50

units.

Results for Case Study 1

Figure 95: Results for Case Study 1: Confirmation of Required

Delivery Date

Incasestudy1,theavailabilitycheckshowsthatthesystemcanconfirm

the 10 unitsfor the requested delivery date.

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LO150 Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

Case Study 2

Figure 96: Case Study 2: Confirmation for a Later Date

Thestartingstocksituationisthesameasincasestudy1.

Theexistingstock andinwardmovements are:

• Stock: 100 units

• Existingpurchaseorderswithquantitiesof50and60units

Thefollowingfutureoutwardmovementsalsoalreadyexist:

• Existingsalesorderswithquantitiesof100,40and50units.

Inthiscasestudy,however,thecustomerrequiresacompletedelivery.

The order quantity is for 20 units. The system carries out delivery

scheduling (backward scheduling) based on the customer’s requested

delivery date and determines the material availability date. R/3 then

executes the availability check.

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Results for Case Study 2

Figure 97: Results for Case Study 2: Confirmation for a Later Date

Becauseofthecustomer’scompletedeliveryrequirement,R/3executed

theavailabilitychecklookingfortheavailabilityofall20unitsononedate.

Oncetheavailablestockwaslocated,deliveryscheduling wasexecuted

usingforwardschedulingandtheschedulelinewasconfirmed.

Case Study 3

Figure 98: Case Study 3: Partial Deliveries

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LO150 Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

Thestockavailablesituationincasestudy3isthesameasforcases1and

2. The existing situation is:

• Stock: 100 units

• Existingpurchaseorderswithquantitiesof50and60units

Thefollowingfutureoutwardmovementsalsoalreadyexist:

• Existingsalesorderswithquantitiesof100,40and50units.

In case study 3, the customer needs the goods as soon as possible and

allows you to split the delivery quantities into partial deliveries, if

necessary.

Inthisscenarioyouenteryoursalesorderfor20units. Thesystemcarries

outdeliveryscheduling(backwardscheduling)basedonthecustomer’s

requesteddeliverydateanddeterminesthematerialavailabilitydate. It

then runs an availability check forthis date.

Results for Case Study 3

Figure 99: Results for Case Study 3: Partial Deliveries

R/3carriedouttheavailabilitycheckanddeterminedthattherewasnot

enough stock available for the material availability date. Because the

customerhadapartialdeliveryagreement,R/3executedtheavailability

check looking for any amount of stock available to become the earliest

possible material availability date. The availability check found partial

amountsof stockavailableontwoseparatedates.

Thepartialdeliveriespermitted agreement meansthat thequantitycan

be split up.

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The 20 units are confirmed with 10 units on one date and 10 units on

a later date.

InthiscaseR/3usedforwarddeliveryschedulingtodeterminethenew

delivery dates in this sales order.

Case Study 4

Figure 100: Case Study 4: Check with Replenishment Lead Time

(Results Shown)

Withareplenishmentleadstrategyasapartofyouravailabilitycheck,R/3

assumesavailabilitycanbemet, regardlessofthedemand, inXnumber

of days.

A replenishment lead time is set for the material to determine the

number of days it will take to replenish that material into your stock.

Replenishmentcouldcomefromavendororproductions,forexample.

You can take into account all inward and outward movements during

theavailabilitycheckwithreplenishmentleadtime. Itisrecommended,

however, that you only implement an availability check that considers

inwardandoutwardmovementsuntiltheendofthereplenishmentlead

time.

A different replenishment lead time can be specified for each material.

For example:

• Tradinggoods: planneddelivery time+ processingtime forgoods

receipt

• Finished goods: in-houseproduction time

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LO150 Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

Ifyoucheckavailabilityincasestudy4withoutincludingreplenishment

leadtime,theresultisthesameasforcasestudy2. Thecustomerrequiresa

completedelivery. Youcannotmake20unitsavailableuntilthesamedate

onwhichthelastpurchaseorderfor60unitsarrives(inwardmovement).

However, if the system checks availability using replenishment lead

time,youcanmake20unitsavailableforthedateonwhichthepurchase

order with 50 units arrives (inward movement). Only the inward and

outwardmovementsthattakeplacewithinthereplenishmentleadtime

are included in this check.

Backorder Processing

Figure 101: Backorder Processing

Anitem inasalesorderappearson abackorderlist if theitem quantity

doesnothave acompletelyconfirmedschedule line. Anitem ina sales

orderwillalsobeonabackorderlistiftheconfirmeddeliverydateislater

thanthecustomer’srequesteddeliverydate. Inbothcases,R/3wouldlook

foranimprovedmaterialavailabilitydateduringbackorderprocessingso

thatthecustomer’srequesteddeliverydateisme,orisclosertobeingmet.

Backorderprocessingisperformedeithermanuallyorautomatically.

Manualbackorderprocessing: Youcanusemanualbackorderprocessing

to list sales documents with materials and redistribute previously

confirmed order quantities. This could be used to allow you to fulfill

shortfalls to critical customers.

Rescheduling (Automatic Back Order Processing): In this backorder

process, the system is looking at all sales orders that have not meet the

materialavailabilityrequirementssothatthesalesorderitems’customer

requesteddeliverydateismet. Youcanusethedeliverypriority(proposed

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

fromthecustomermasterrecordforthesalesorder)asasortingcriteria

in automatic rescheduling. Rescheduling is typically executed as a

background job after MRP has been run.

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LO150 Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

Exercise 20: Inventory Sourcing: Stock

Shortage

Exercise Objectives

Aftercompletingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Processsalesordersforwhichthereisashortageofstock

• Check available stock

Business Example

Whilecarryingouttheavailabilitycheckforitemsinyoursalesorder,R/3

will look for stock availability in designated locations in an attempt to

fulfilltherequirementsofthesalesorderschedulelinequantities.

Task 1 Display the scope of check

Determine what stock was considered when R/3 carried out the

availability check for your material.

1. Review the scope of check for the material in PO 7–411–##and

determinewhetherinboundpurchaseorderswereconsideredbythe

availability check._________________

Hint: Youcan display the scope of check foranitem in the

sales order from either the Availability control screen or the

Availability overview screen.

2. Was the replenishment lead time taken into account during the

availability check?

________________

Task 2 Check stock availability for a material

Beforeyouplaceanorder,youwanttogainanoverviewoftheavailable

stockand existingrequirementsforthe material.

1. Displaythecurrentstock/requirementslistformaterialT-AS4##inplant

1000. Recordhowmanyunitsareinstock. Howmuchinventoryis

available? ________________________

Hint: Inventory management is performed in Materials

Management.

Continued on next page

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

Task 3 Transfer of sales order requirements

When the sales order is saved, the order’s schedule line quantities

will become a requirement and is then communicated from Sales and

DistributiontoMaterialsManagementviaatransferofrequirements.

1. Createastandardorderforthecustomer’spurchaseorder

Customer: T-S50A##

Purchase order number: 7-621–##

Required delivery date: in 10 days

Material: T-AS4##

Quantity: 25

Savetheorderand record the ordernumber.

____________________

Task 4 View the stock requirements

Basedonthetransferofrequirements,materialrequirementsplanningis

informed of quantities that Sales andDistribution requires for the sales

order. Ifsufficientquantitiesarenotavailabletocovertherequirements,

purchaseorderscanbecreatedinPurchasingonthebasisofthetransferof

requirementswithinautomaticplanning(MRP).

1. ViewthestockandrequirementssituationforthematerialT-AS4##

inplant1000. Displaythecurrentstockandrequirementslistforthe

materialanddeterminethecurrentquantity requirementsforsales

orders.

__________________________

2. Onwhat date wastherequirement transferred? Which date in the

sales order corresponds to this date?

______________________________________________________________________________

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LO150 Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

Solution 20: Inventory Sourcing: Stock

Shortage

Task 1 Display the scope of check

Determine what stock was considered when R/3 carried out the

availability check for your material.

1. Review the scope of check for the material in PO 7–411–##and

determinewhetherinboundpurchaseorderswereconsideredbythe

availability check._________________

Hint: Youcan display the scope of check foranitem in the

sales order from either the Availability control screen or the

Availability overview screen.

→ → → →

a) Logistics Salesanddistribution Sales Order Display.

b) ChooseDisplayavailabilityorAvailabilityControlfromthebottom

of the Sales overview screen.

c) ChoosetheScopeofcheckpush-buttonfromtheapplicationtool

bar.

d) Inavailabilitycheck,purchaseorderswerecheckedalongwith

otherinward and outward movements.

2. Was the replenishment lead time taken into account during the

availability check?

________________

a) WhenyoudisplaytheScopeofcheck,theCheckwithoutRLTfield

is not selected. This means that the replenishment lead time

has been taken into account.

Task 2 Check stock availability for a material

Beforeyouplaceanorder,youwanttogainanoverviewoftheavailable

stockand existingrequirementsforthe material.

Continued on next page

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

1. Displaythecurrentstock/requirementslistformaterialT-AS4##inplant

1000. Recordhowmanyunitsareinstock. Howmuchinventoryis

available? ________________________

Hint: Inventory management is performed in Materials

Management.

→ → →

a) Logistics Materials management Inventory management

→ →

Environment Stock Stock/requirementslist.

b) You can see the plant stock in the row with theMRP element

Stock. You will see the on-hand quantity in the Available qty

column.

Task 3 Transfer of sales order requirements

When the sales order is saved, the order’s schedule line quantities

will become a requirement and is then communicated from Sales and

DistributiontoMaterialsManagementviaatransferofrequirements.

1. Createastandardorderforthecustomer’spurchaseorder

Customer: T-S50A##

Purchase order number: 7-621–##

Required delivery date: in 10 days

Material: T-AS4##

Quantity: 25

Savetheorderand record the ordernumber.

____________________

→ → → →

a) Logistics Salesanddistribution Sales Order Create.

b) Select Save.

Thedocumentnumberisassignedbythesystem.

Task 4 View the stock requirements

Basedonthetransferofrequirements,materialrequirementsplanningis

informed of quantities that Sales andDistribution requires for the sales

order. Ifsufficientquantitiesarenotavailabletocovertherequirements,

purchaseorderscanbecreatedinPurchasingonthebasisofthetransferof

requirementswithinautomaticplanning(MRP).

Continued on next page

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LO150 Lesson: Inventory Sourcing: Stock Shortage

1. ViewthestockandrequirementssituationforthematerialT-AS4##

inplant1000. Displaythecurrentstockandrequirementslistforthe

materialanddeterminethecurrentquantityrequirementsforsales

orders.

__________________________

→ → →

a) Logistics Materials management Inventory management

→ →

Environment Stock Stock/requirementslist.

b) In the row with the MRP element Order, check the rec./reqd.

quantity column.

25 units.

2. Onwhatdatewastherequirement transferred? Which date in the

sales order corresponds to this date?

___________________________________________________________________________

a) The requirements date (see the Date field in the first column)

correspondstothematerialavailabilitydatefromthesalesorder

schedule lines details.

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Identifythescopeofcheckusedinanavailabilitycheck

• Determinetherequirementspassedtomaterialsmanagement

• Determinethematerialavailabilitydateinthegivencasestudies

• Determineifasalesorderitemisabackorderitem

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LO150 Lesson: Shipping: Stock Shortage

Lesson: Shipping: Stock Shortage

Lesson Overview

Thislessoncoverscreatingandprocessingadeliverywhenthequantity

requiredinthesalesordercannotbemet. Youwilllearnhowtoprocess

deliverieswhenthecustomerallowspartialdeliveries,andhowdeliveries

are processed when the order quantity cannot be fulfilled (even with

partial deliveries).

Lesson Objectives

Aftercompleting this lesson, youwillbeable to:

• Processdeliverieswithpartialdeliveryquantities

Business Example

While creating a delivery and the transfer order, you discover that the

on-handstockquantityoftherequiredmaterialisnolongeravailablein

thequantitiesneededforyourdelivery. Youwilleithercreatethedelivery

forthequantityon handand delivertheordershort, or, ifthecustomer

allows, you will fill the order requirements by creating several partial

deliveries when the stock becomes available.

Creating Deliveries with Stock Shortages

During sales order processing, the delivery requirement indicators

(deliveryagreements)aresetforthesalesorderanditsdeliverableitems.

The delivery will be processed according to the delivery agreement in

the sales order.

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

Figure 102: Delivering Orders with Delivery Agreements

Basedonthedeliveryagreementsforpartialorcompletedeliveriesinthe

salesorder,youwilldeliveranorderasonecompletedeliveryorseveral

partial deliveries.

In acompletedelivery, allitems and orderquantitiesare required to be

delivered in a single delivery.

If asalesorderwithacompletedelivery indicatorisdeliveredwith less

thanthe complete quantity, youwillreceivea systemwarningmessage

at post goods issue time, stating the existence of the complete delivery

agreement with the customer.

Note: Youcandeliberatelycontinuepastthiswarningmessageif

you want.

Ifasalesorderallowsforpartialdeliveries,youcancreatepartialdeliveries

to complete the required quantity.

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LO150 Lesson: Shipping: Stock Shortage

Figure 103: Updating the Delivery with a Partially Picked Quantity

If,duringtransferorderprocessing,itisdiscoveredthatthereisinsufficient

stock available to fulfill the quantity of a delivery, the partially picked

quantity will be updated on the delivery.

Anyundeliveredquantitieswillremainasopenitemsonthesalesorder

withopenrequirementsinMaterialManagement.

Therearethreeoptionsforprocessingundelivereditems.

• Reduce the quantities in the sales order to match the quantity

availableforthedelivery,thusrelievingtheopenorderrequirement

andcompletingthesalesorder. Therewillbenobackordergenerated

forthe undelivered quantity in this case.

• Reducethequantityinthedeliveryitemtoequalthepickedquantity,

thus completing the delivery. A subsequent delivery(s) is then

requiredtocompletethesalesorderitems’requirements. Thesales

orderitemwillshowasabackorderitemfortheundeliveredportion

of the line item.

• Reject theopenamounton the line iteminthe sales order. Placing

a rejection reason in the line item in the sales order will cause the

status of the order and its item to be Completed. There will be no

subsequent delivery.

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

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LO150 Lesson: Shipping: Stock Shortage

Exercise 21: Shipping: Stock Shortage

Exercise Objectives

Aftercompletingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Edit partial deliveries

• Describe transportation processing

• Carry out account determination for a billing document in the

accounting document

Business Example

Whileprocessingdeliveryforyourcustomer’sorder,youdiscoverthatthe

on-handstockquantityoftherequiredmaterialisnolongeravailablein

thequantitiesneededtocompletethedelivery. Youwilleithercreatethe

delivery forthe quantity on hand and deliverthe order short, or, if the

customerallows,youwillfilltheorderrequirementsbycreatingseveral

partialdeliverieswhenthestockbecomesavailable.

Task 1 Identify the customer delivery agreement in the

sales order

1. DisplaythesalesorderforcustomerP.O.7–411–##anddetermineif

thecustomerwillallowyoutopartiallydeliverythisorder.

Whattypeofdeliveryagreementcanbeviewedintheheaderofthe

sales order?

Hint: Lookintheheadershippingdetails.

→ → → →

Logistics Salesanddistribution Sales Order Display

2. From what master data record was the complete delivery indicator

proposed?

3. Isitpossibletodistributepartialquantitiesacrossseveraldeliveries,

ifthefieldCompletedeliveryisnotmarkedintheorderheader?

4. What agreements referring to partial deliveries exist foritem 10of

the order?

Hint: Checktheshippingdetailsattheitemlevel.

5. FromwhatmasterdatarecordisthePart.deliv./itemfieldproposed?

6. SwitchthetransactionfromOrderDisplaytoOrderChange.

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Unit6: SalesandDistribution: StockShortage LO150

7. Setthedeliveryindicatorin the line itemto allowonly a complete

delivery (indicator-C).

8. Save the order.

Task 2 Create a delivery with a stock shortage

Testthesystem’sabilitytorecognizedeliveryagreementsinthesalesorder

during shipping processing.

1. Create the outbound delivery for customer P.O. 7-411–##. Set the

selectiondate20daysintothefuture. Useshippingpoint1400.

2. In thedeliverydocument, change the deliveryquantityto10units

fromthe25unitsthatarescheduledtodeliver.

3. Does R/3notice the change of quantity?

4. Save the delivery with the short delivery quantity. Record the

delivery number.

Hint: Thisisasoftwarning,continuetohitEntertosave.

Task 3 Create a transfer order for a delivery with stock

shortages

Pick the delivery that now has shortages.

1. Createatransferorderforthedelivery. Selectwarehousenumber014.

2. Whatisthepickquantityinthetransferorder?

3. Savethetransferorderandrecordthedocumentnumber.

Task 4 Post goods issue a delivery with stock

shortages

Postthegoodsissueforthedeliverythatwaspickedshort.

1. Postgoodsissue forthe outbound delivery.

2. Check thedocumentflowforthe salesorder.

3. What is statusof the orderand delivery?

4. DisplaytheStatusOverviewofthesalesdocument

5. Whatisthestatusofdeliverystatusofthelineitem?

316