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Unit6: ControllingbySalesOrderWithoutProduction(Service)(optionalunit) AC520

You can use the requirements type determination in Customizing to find the

requirementsclass. Theaccountassignmentcategorydefinesthescenario.

Figure 209: Account Assignment Category B

The account assignment category “B” specifies that consumption postings are

posteddirectlyonthesalesorderitem,butnoseparatesalesorderstockiskept.

Figure210: ResultsAnalysis: Method-BasedCustomizing

If you use method “14”, the cost of sales is derived from the resource-related

billing. Forthis,thefollowingapplies: Alllineitemsofcostpostingsthathave

alreadybeenbilledarecostofsales. Thosethathavenotyetbeenbilledarecosts

in stock (WIP). The revenues are calculated in SD pricing on the basis of the

billed line items.

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AC520 Lesson: Customizing

Figure 211: Customizing: DIP Profile

TheDIPprofile(theprofileofthe“dynamicitemprocessor”)takesonthecontrol

oftheresource-relatedbilling,whichyoucanuseforcreatingquotationsaswell

as billing. You decide on the type of sales documents that are to be generated

(quotation,billingrequestandcreditmemorequest)perusage. Inaddition,you

candetermineifthesystemshouldperformawarrantycheckduringbilling. All

otherdatashouldbeenteredwhenyouarecreatingadocument.

Characteristics relevant to the determination of “dynamic items” are fixed for

eachusage. Inaddition, variouscharacteristicattributes, andthewayinwhich

theyarepresentedduringtheprocessingofthebillingrequest,aredefined. You

candefineyourowncharacteristicsandentervaluesforthesecharacteristicsusing

the customer exit AD010003.

Thesourcesdefinethedatausedtodeterminedynamicitems(forexample, the

actualcostsoflineitemsortotalsrecords,plannedcostsandsoon). Youcanalso

selectthecharacteristicvaluesfromwhich“dynamicitems”shouldbedetermined

(that is, exclusion of other characteristic values from billing). Selection is

performedusingthesetstobedeterminedforthispurpose. Youcandefineyour

ownsourcesusingthecustomerexitAD010005.

Youcandefinewhichservicematerialsaredeterminedfromcharacteristicvalues

forbillingrequestitemsorquotations. Theselectioncriteriaherearealsoentered

in the form of sets.

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Unit6: ControllingbySalesOrderWithoutProduction(Service)(optionalunit) AC520

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• ExplainCustomizingfortherequirementsclass

• Describe Results Analysis methods

• ExplainCustomizingforresource-relatedbilling(DIPprofile)

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AC520 Unit Summary

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explain the quantity and value flows in Controlling by sales order for a

service

• Explain unit costing for sales orders

• Understandwhentouseresource-relatedbilling

• ExplainthenecessarysettingsinCustomizing

• Debitthesalesorderwithdirectactivityallocationsandwithactualcosts

using the time sheet

• Use resource-related billing

• Understand network confirmations

• Understand Execution Services

• ExplaintheResultsAnalysisforthesalesorder

• Describe the settlement of the sales order

• ExplainCustomizingfortherequirementsclass

• Describe Results Analysis methods

• ExplainCustomizingforresource-relatedbilling(DIPprofile)

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UnitSummary AC520

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Unit 7

Information System

Unit Overview

This unit explains the structure of the information system in Cost Object

Controllingandshowstheoptionsforreporting.

Unit Objectives

After completing this unit, you will be able to:

• Describethestructureoftheinformationsystem

• Usethestandardreportsforeffectivecontrolling

• Understandthetechniqueusedbytheinformationsystem

• Customizetheinformationsystemtosuit yourneeds

Unit Contents

Lesson: Information System...................................................398

Exercise 18: Information System.........................................413

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

Lesson: Information System

Lesson Overview

Lesson Objectives

Aftercompletingthislesson, youwillbeableto:

• Describethestructureoftheinformationsystem

• Usethestandardreportsforeffectivecontrolling

• Understandthetechniqueusedbytheinformationsystem

• Customizetheinformationsystemtosuit yourneeds

Business Example

Youhaveanewemployeewhowillberesponsibleforreporting.

Asanorientation,youarereviewingthedeliveredreportsandreportingtoolswith

this employee. You need to discuss:

• What reporting structures are available

• Whatistheprocedureforaccessingareport

• How standard reports are processed

Sincereportingrequirementsareconstantlychanging, youwillintroduceyour

newstaffmembertothefunctionsprovidedforcreatingandmaintainingreports.

You will also address special features which simplify and speed up report

processing. This includes working out guidelines for choosing from the tools

provided.

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Structure

Figure212: UsingtheCO-PCInformationSystem

What can the CO-PC-IS do for me?

• What’s going on in my plant?

• Can I make or do

– myregulardecisionswithperiodicreporting?

– my day-to-day activities effectively?

• CanIreallyconcentrateonthecritical5%?

• DoIhaveenoughreportingflexibilitytomeetallmyspecificrequirements?

• CanIgettherightreportstotherightplaces?

• CanIenhancethestandardreportingsystemwithmyownreports?

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

Figure213: HowistheInformationSystemStructured?

Thereportcategoriessubdividethemenutreeonthefirstlevelaccordingtothe

mostcommonreportingneeds. Forconsistencyandtransparency,eachmenutree

isstructuredaccordingtothesamereportcategories.

Thereportcategoryisstructuredaccordingtothereportcontents. Thedetailed

reportsforproductcostsbyperiodusedReportPainterreportsandReportWriter

reportsinearlierreleases. ThesereportsarenowgeneratedusingSAPListViewer.

Figure214: WhichReportingTechniquesareUsed?

IntheCO-PCinformationsystem,differentreportingtoolsareused.

Everyreporttoolhasitsownfeaturesandrangeofapplications.

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Figure 215: Online Documentation

OnlinedocumentationwasrestructuredcompletelyinRelease4.0andhasbeen

improvedcontinuouslysincethen. YouwillfindonlinedocumentationviaHelp→

SAP-LibraryorontheInternetathttp://help.sap.com

On this webpage, selectmySAP ERP and choose your language. Then choose

SAP ERP Central Component → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost

Controlling→ProductCostControllingInformationSystem(CO-PC-IS).

The documentation provides you with information about the structure of the

informationsystem. Inthereportcategories,youwillfindadescriptionofreports

that are standard for the component menu trees of the Information System for

Product Cost Controlling.

Context-sensitive help is not supported.

General Reporting Functions

Figure 216: Reporting Functions

Exception Reporting

Exceptionconditionsspecifywhetheranobjectdeservesspecialnotice. Youcan

enterthisinformationasakeyfigureinalineoracolumn. Thosefieldsofnote

willbecoloredsothatyoucanquicklyrecognizeitemssuchasvariancesthatare

above a certain value.

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

Drilldownreportingisaninteractiveinformationsystemthathelpsyouevaluate

the data collected in your application. This information system is capable of

analyzingdataaccordingtoanyofthecharacteristicsthatdescribethedata. You

canalsousekeyfigurestocategorizeyourdata.

Download Functions

• Spreadsheet

• Word processing

• HTML formats

Detailed Reports: Report Painter and SAP List Viewer

(ALV)

Figure 217: Detailed Reports

Thereisalargeamountofinformationavailablefordetailedreportsthatcanbe

analyzedinreportsorinSAPListViewerasindividuallayouts. Inparticularthe

followinginformationisprovided: Plannedcosts,actualcosts,resultsfromResults

Analysis(WIP,provisionsforunrealizedcosts,provisionsforimminentloss,funds

commitment)forthesalesorderbutalsoforfundsassignedtothesalesorder.

Inearlierreleases,reportsweredefinedalmostexclusivelyusingReportWriter,

apowerfulreportingsystembasedonSettechnology. Tosaveusersfromhaving

to create these sets every time they define a new report, Report Painter was

providedasanenhancement. Youcanfindextensiveinformationoneachofthese

toolsinthecorrespondingcourses(CA705andCA710).

SAP List Viewer

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

SAP List Viewer (ALV)

• Presentationtoolforlistswithgenericfunctionality

• Dynamic creation of display variants

• Predefined standard variants

• Presentation only - removed from selection

• Combinationofcharacteristicsandkeyfigurespossible

• Viewchangeableinthereportwithoutanewselection

TheSAPListViewerstandardizesandsimplifiestheuseoflistsintheSAPsystem.

Eachlisthasastandardizedinterfaceandastandardizedlistformatavailable. SAP

ListViewercontainsfeaturesfordynamiccreationofdisplayvariants.

InthestandardmanyReportWriterreportshavealreadybeensubstitutedbyALV

reports.

SAPListViewerisusedinCO-PCforthefollowingreports:

• Sales order selection

• List of existing product cost estimates

• Line items in cost estimate for product

• Analysis of a costing run

• Line item reports

• Order selection

• ...

Figure218: ALV:DefineDisplayVariants(Layouts)

Youcanusedisplayvariantstochangetheformatofyourlist.

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

Youcanchoosewhichfieldswillbedisplayed.

You can change the sequence of fields.

Youcanmodifythecolumnwidthstosuityourneeds.

There are two types of display variants:

Customer-specificdisplayvariants accessibletoallusers.

User-specificdisplayvariants accessibleonlytotheuserwhocreatedthedisplay

variant.

Figure 219: Funds Commitment

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Extracts

Figure 220: Using Extracts (1)

Toreduceruntimes,youcangenerateextractswhenaccessingreports. Anextract

is a saved file containing the report data selected at the time the extract was

generated.

Yougenerateanextractwhenyouexecuteareportwithreferencetothereport

selectionparameters. Itispossibletogeneratemultipleextractsifyouexecute

the report with different selection criteria.

Whenyoudisplaythereportdataintheextract,youhavethesamenavigationand

formattingfeaturesaswithonlineexecutionofthereport.

If you make changes in the data structure in Customizing for the Information

System (especially the field selection for order selection or for the selection

ofclassificationcharacteristics), inconsistenciesmayarisebetweenthecurrent

data structure and the structure in the extract. The data of the extract can then

no longer be displayed.

Note,thatanextractisnormallyonlyvalidforthedurationofonerelease. This

meansthatafterareleaseupgradeyouusuallycannotaccessextractsgenerated

inapreviousrelease. Thereforeafterareleaseupgradeyoushouldgeneratenew

extracts with the desired selection criteria.

Youcangenerateextractsintheorderselection,thesalesorderselectionandthe

"Analyze Costing Run" report.

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

Figure 221: Using Extracts (2)

Selecting Cost Objects

Figure222: InformationSystemControllingbySalesOrder

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Figure 223: Selecting Sales Orders (1)

Salesorderselectionprovidesyouwithpowerfulmeanstobuildupalistofsales

ordersthatinterestyou. Inconjunctionwithexceptionsandfilters, avarietyof

selectioncriteriasupportsyoureffortstoanalyzeonlythecriticalsalesorders. The

numberofselectioncriteriaregardingthesalesorderitemswasenhancedagain

in 4.6C.

Yougetalistofsalesordersbasedonyourselectioncriteria,andyougetafirst

impression by looking at the key indicators. Now that you have identified the

criticalsalesordersthatyouwanttoexaminemoreclosely,younowdrilldownto

detailed cost element reports to view them.

YoucanusethefeaturesoftheSAPListViewer. Youcanadaptthelisttoyour

needs easily. It is therefore recommended that you define your own display

variants.

Youcanalsogotodifferentviewswithouthavingtomakeanewselection.

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

Figure 224: Selecting Sales Orders (2)

Sales Order with Assigned Orders

The SAP List Viewer standardizes and simplifies the use of lists in the SAP

system. Each list has a standardized interface and a standardized list format

available. Itcontainsconvenientfeaturesfordynamiccreationofdisplayvariants.

SomeoftheimportantfunctionsfortheSAPListViewerare:

Create display variant

Youcanusedisplayvariantstochangetheformatofyourlist.

Sorting

You can sort the lines in ascending or descending order according to column

values.

Set filters

Youcanchoosetodisplayonlythoselinesthatmeetcertaincriteria.

TotalandsubtotalvaluesWithinalist,youcancalculatetotalsandsubtotalsover

one or more chosen columns.

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Figure225: SalesOrderwithAssignedOrders(1)

Figure226: SalesOrderwithAssignedOrders(2)

A sales order hierarchy report gives you an impression of the structure of an

individualsalesorder. Itgivesyouastructureofthesalesdocumentitemsandthe

related production or internal orders.

The report shows predefined views:

• Plan/Actual costs

• Plan/Actual quantities

• Planned costs fixed/variable

• Actual costs fixed/variable

• Planned/Actual revenues

Youcancreatedisplayvariantswiththefiguresinwhichyouaremostinterested.

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

Setsofsalesordersaresupportedinthereport.

Bydrillingdown,youaccessdetailedcostelementreportsforthesalesorder,for

thesalesdocumentitems, orfortheassignedorders.

Figure 227: Report Tool: Hierarchy Graphics

ThefollowingreportsusehierarchygraphicsinCO-PC:

• Sales order with assigned orders

• Multilevel costed BOM

• Order hierarchy

• Cost object hierarchies

• Collective order

• Partner cost component split

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Performing a Cost Object Summarization

Figure228: SummarizationofDifferentObjectTypes

Youcansavecostobjectdata“permanently”in“summarizationobjects”. The

datainthesummarizationobjectsdoesnotchange. Thismeansthateverysooften

currentdatamustbe“addedandsummarized”byanewrun.

Customizing

Figure 229: Customizing

Tousethereportingoptions,youhavetocustomizetheInformationSystem

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

The following steps are necessary:

• ProductDrilldown: Import/transportreports

• Order selection and summarization

– Define selection profiles

– Define selection screens for order list

– Define exception rules

– Create order hierarchies

• Product Cost by Order

– ImportreportsforProductCostbyOrder

– GeneratereportsforProductCostbyOrder

• Product Cost by Sales Order

– ImportreportsforProductCostbySalesOrder

– GeneratereportsforProductCostbySalesOrder

Figure230: SummarizationHierarchyforSalesOrders

Toexecuteasummarizationyouneedapredefinedsummarizationtechnique,the

“summarizationhierarchy”. Therearebasicallytwoproceduresforperforminga

summarization: Summarizingwithclassificationcharacteristicsormasterdata.

SAP recommends that you summarize using master data for Release 4.5 and

higher.

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Exercise 18: Information System

Exercise Objectives

Aftercompletingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Use the sales order selection report

• Create a user-specific layout for this report

Business Example

YouhavetoreporttheResultsAnalysisfiguresforarangeofsalesorderitems.

Yourreportmustcontainthefollowingcolumns:

• Sales Order Number

• Order Item

• Revenue Affecting Net Income

• Cost of Sales

• WIP (Work in Process)

• Reserves for Unrealized Costs

Task:

ThereportforthesalesorderselectionwasdevelopedonthebasisoftheSAPList

Viewer. WeusetheSAPListViewerfunctionalitytocreateauser-specificdisplay

variant with the column order specified above.

1. Startbyexecutingthereportforthesalesorderselection.

Enter the following data:

Sold-to-party: 1171

Choose: Execute

2. Create a user-specific display variant that displays the fields: Revenue

affectingnetincome,costofsales,WIP,andprovisionsforunrealizedcosts.

3. Savetheuser-specificdisplayvariantthatyoujustcreated.

Display variant: AC520-##

User-specific: x

Description: ResultsAnalysisOverview

Continued on next page

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

4. Executethereportagain,butenteryournewdisplayvariantAC520-##on

theinitialscreen. Thereport’sinitialscreennowdisplaysyournewdisplay

variant.

Sold-to-party: 1171

Display variant: AC520-##

Choose Execute.

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Solution 18: Information System

Task:

ThereportforthesalesorderselectionwasdevelopedonthebasisoftheSAPList

Viewer. WeusetheSAPListViewerfunctionalitytocreateauser-specificdisplay

variant with the column order specified above.

1. Startbyexecutingthereportforthesalesorderselection.

Enter the following data:

Sold-to-party: 1171

Choose: Execute

a) Menu path:

Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Cost

ObjectControlling→ProductCostbySalesOrder→Information

System→ReportsforProductCostbySalesOrder→ObjectList→

SalesOrderSelection(S_ALR_87013104)

2. Create a user-specific display variant that displays the fields: Revenue

affectingnetincome,costofsales,WIP,andprovisionsforunrealizedcosts.

a) Select Change Layout.

Remove the following columns from the current display variant:

Material,Plant,Plannedprofitpct(base: plannedcosts),actualprofit

pct (base actual costs), actual revenue (with sales deduction), and

actual costs.

Change the field group to Results Analysis. In the list, select the

columns Revenue affecting net income, Cost of sales, WIP, and

Reserves for unrealized costs.

SelectContinuetoconfirmtheselection.

Thereportdataisupdatedtodisplaytherequestedfields.

3. Savetheuser-specificdisplayvariantthatyoujustcreated.

Display variant: AC520-##

User-specific: x

Description: ResultsAnalysisOverview

a) Select Save Layout.

Choose: Continue

Continued on next page

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Unit7: InformationSystem AC520

4. Executethereportagain,butenteryournewdisplayvariantAC520-##on

theinitialscreen. Thereport’sinitialscreennowdisplaysyournewdisplay

variant.

Sold-to-party: 1171

Display variant: AC520-##

Choose Execute.

a) Proceed as in Step 1-1.

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AC520 Lesson: Information System

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describethestructureoftheinformationsystem

• Usethestandardreportsforeffectivecontrolling

• Understandthetechniqueusedbytheinformationsystem

• Customizetheinformationsystemtosuit yourneeds

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UnitSummary AC520

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describethestructureoftheinformationsystem

• Usethestandardreportsforeffectivecontrolling

• Understandthetechniqueusedbytheinformationsystem

• Customizetheinformationsystemtosuit yourneeds

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AC520 Course Summary

Course Summary

You should now be able to:

• ExplainhowProductCostControllingrelatestootherCOcomponents

• ExplainhowtouseProductCostControlling

• Explainthedifferencesbetweenthefollowingformsofproductcost: product

costbyorder,productcostbyperiod,andproductcostbysalesorder

• ExplainthemostimportanttermsconcerningthedesignofascenarioinCost

ObjectControlling: Controllingonproductororderlevel,sales-order-related

productionwithorwithoutcontrollingbysalesorder,valuatedorunvaluated

sales order stock

• Prepare the right Cost Object Controlling “design” for activity output

processesandselectthebestcostobjectforit

• Carry out preliminary costing, simultaneous costing, and final costing in

Cost Object Controlling

• Carryoutimportanttransactionsforallocatingcoststocostobjects

• Carry out important transactions for period-end closing such as template

allocation,WIPcalculation,ResultsAnalysis,andsettlement

• Carry out important analyses in Cost Object Controlling using the

information system

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CourseSummary AC520

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Feedback

SAP AG has made every effort in the preparation of this course to ensure the

accuracy and completeness of the materials. If you have any corrections or

suggestionsforimprovement,pleaserecordthemintheappropriateplaceinthe

course evaluation.

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