AC050_EN_Col62_FV_Part_A4 (第18页)

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders: Planning and Budgeting

Figure 201: Availability Control

The budget profile controls availability control in addition to other budgeting

parameters. Inthebudgetprofile,youcanspecifywhenavailabilitycontrolisto

beactivated. Availabilitycontrolcanberunagainsttheannualvalueorthetotal

value of the budget.

Tolerancelimitscontrolhowthesystemreactstobudgetvariances. Ifthebudget

hasbeenconsumed,asintheexample(100%),awarningisissuedandanE-mail

issent to the budget manager. If the budget varianceis 10% (110%), the SAP

systemissuesanerrormessageandthetransactionthatwouldresultinavariance

cannotbeposted. Tolerancelimitsaredefinedseparatelyforeachbudgetprofile.

Youcansetdifferenttolerancelimitsfordifferentactions.

IfyouselecttheactionWarningwithmail, youmustspecifyabudgetmanager

inCustomising. Ifnobudgetmanagerisdefined, thesystemgeneratesanerror

message.

Youcanexcludeparticularcostelementsfromtheavailabilitycheck.

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Entering Budgets on Internal Orders

1. SelectAccounting > Controlling > Internal Orders > Budgeting >

OriginalBudget>ChangeortransactionKO22.

2. Enter the Order Number and the currency you want to budget in if

relevant.

3. SelecttheOriginalBudgetpush-buttontocontinue

4. Enter the budget values as required.

Note:

As for planning, you can do Overall Budgeting or Annual

Budgeting. However you cannot do detailed budgeting, it

is always at the Order level.

5. To check your entries select .

Hint:

Thesumoftheannualvaluesmustbelessthanorequaltothe

overall budget ifyouaredoing both.

6. To save the budget select

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders: Planning and Budgeting

Exercise 24: Internal Orders: Planning

and Budgeting

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Checkthebudgetingandavailabilitycontrolforoverheadorders

Business Example

You would like to see how spend on an order could be limited using SAP

functionality.

Task:

Post entries against a budget.

1. Enteranoriginalbudgetforthecurrentfiscalyearforyourtradefairorder

(seethedatasheetfortheordernumber). Specifyabudgetof10000.

2. Make surethe trade fair order is released.

Note: Beforeyoucanpostactualcoststoyourtradefairorder,you

must makesurethat the order isreleased.

3. EnteraG/Laccountposting,withtodayasthedate,forthepurchaseofraw

materialsforcompanycode1000incurrencyEUR.Enteradebitamountof

9800forG/Laccount400000(inputtaxcodeV0)andassignthepostingto

your trade fair order.

SpecifythattheoffsettingcreditistobemadetoG/Laccount113100. Post

thedocumentandnotethebudgetwarningmessage.

4. EnteronemoreG/Laccountposting,withtodayasthedate,forthepurchase

of rawmaterials for company code1000 in currency EUR. Enter a debit

amountof1000forG/Laccount400000andassignthepostingtoyourtrade

fair order. Specify that the offsettingcredit isto be madeto G/L account

113100. Postthedocumentandnotethebudgetwarningmessage.

Postanother1000EURtoyourorder. Howdoesthesystemreact?

5. Review the e-mail messages.

Note: Youreceivemessagesonlyif youhaveentered yourself as

thebudgetmanagerinCustomising. Theinstructorwilldisplaythe

e-mailmessagesthatwereautomaticallyissuedbytheavailability

control settings.

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Solution 24: Internal Orders: Planning and

Budgeting

Task:

Post entries against a budget.

1. Enteranoriginalbudgetforthecurrentfiscalyearforyourtradefairorder

(seethedatasheetfortheordernumber). Specifyabudgetof10000.

a) ChooseAccounting>Controlling>InternalOrders>Budgeting>

OriginalBudget>ChangeortransactionKO22.

b) IntheOrderfield,enterthenumberofyourtradefairorder. Choose

Enter .

c) Enter10000foryourorderbudgetforthecurrentfiscalyearandthe

overall value. Choose Save .

d) Choose to exit.

2. Makesure the trade fair order is released.

Note: Beforeyoucanpostactualcoststoyourtradefairorder,you

must makesurethat theorder isreleased.

a) ChooseAccounting>Controlling>InternalOrders>MasterData>

SpecialFunctions>Order>ChangeortransactionKO02.

b) Enteryourordernumber,andchoose MasterData.

c) Go to the Control Data tab.

ThereshouldbeanentryRELintheSystemstatusfield.

Iftheorderhasnotbeenreleased,chooseRelease(locatedtotherightof

theSystemStatusfield). ThestatuschangesandisnowRELorreleased.

d) Save the order with .

e) Choose to exit the transaction.

3. EnteraG/Laccountposting,withtodayasthedate,forthepurchaseofraw

materialsforcompanycode1000incurrencyEUR.Enteradebitamountof

9800forG/Laccount400000(inputtaxcodeV0)andassignthepostingto

your trade fair order.

Continued on next page

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders: Planning and Budgeting

SpecifythattheoffsettingcreditistobemadetoG/Laccount113100. Post

thedocumentandnotethebudgetwarningmessage.

a) Choose Accounting > Financial Accounting > General Ledger >

Posting>EnterG/LAccountDocumentortransactionFB50.

b) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Document Date today

Company Code 1000(ifaskedbysystem)

Currency EUR

G/L Account 400000 infirstrow

D/C Debit

AmountinDocumentCurrency 9800

Tax Code V0

Order your trade fair order

G/L Account 113100

D/C Credit

AmountinDocumentCurrency 9800

c) Choose Enter . Choose Post.

Note the budget warning message.

The warning message indicates that your order budget is almost

exhausted.

ChooseEnter toclearthewarningmessage.

d) RemainintheG/LAccountPostingscreenforthenextexercisestep.

4. EnteronemoreG/Laccountposting,withtodayasthedate,forthepurchase

of rawmaterials for company code1000 in currency EUR. Enter a debit

amountof1000forG/Laccount400000andassignthepostingtoyourtrade

fair order. Specify that the offsettingcredit isto be madeto G/L account

113100. Postthedocumentandnotethebudgetwarningmessage.

Continued on next page

617

Field	Value or Action
Document Date	today
Company Code	1000(ifaskedbysystem)
Currency	EUR
G/L Account	400000 infirstrow
D/C	Debit
AmountinDocumentCurrency	9800
Tax Code	V0
Order	your trade fair order
G/L Account	113100
D/C	Credit
AmountinDocumentCurrency	9800

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Postanother1000EURtoyourorder. Howdoesthesystemreact?

a) Choose Accounting > Financial Accounting > General Ledger >

Posting>EnterG/LAccountDocumentortransactionFB50.

b) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Document Date today

G/L Account 400000 infirst row

D/C Debit

AmountinDocumentCurrency 1000

Tax Code V0

Order your tradefair order

G/L Account 113100

D/C Credit

AmountinDocumentCurrency 1000

c) Choose Enter . Choose Post .

Note the budget warning message.

The warning message indicates that your order budget has been

exceededforthecurrentfiscalyear. Ifyoutrytopostanotheramount

of1000, thesystemdisplaysanerrormessage.

ChooseEnter toclearthewarningmessage.

5. Review the e-mail messages.

Note: Youreceivemessagesonlyifyouhaveenteredyourself as

thebudgetmanagerinCustomising. Theinstructorwilldisplaythe

e-mailmessagesthatwereautomaticallyissuedbytheavailability

control settings.

a) Toviewthee-mailmessages,chooseOffice>Workplaceortransaction

SBWP.

b) Choose Inbox > Unread Documents.

618

Field	Value or Action
Document Date	today
G/L Account	400000 infirst row
D/C	Debit
AmountinDocumentCurrency	1000
Tax Code	V0
Order	your tradefair order
G/L Account	113100
D/C	Credit
AmountinDocumentCurrency	1000

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders: Planning and Budgeting

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• DescribethescopeofPlanninginInternalOrders

• DescribethepurposeanduseofEasyCostPlanningfunctions

• Set up a budget for an internal order

• Postdocumentstoaninternalordertodemonstratetheeffectsofavailability

control

• DescribehowExecutionServicesisusedtopostdocuments

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Lesson: Statistical and Real Postings

Lesson Overview

This lesson introduces statistical postings to account assignment objects in

ManagementAccounting. Statisticaldatadoesnotaffectcosts. Statisticalcosts

areusedforreportingandsettingupoverheadkeysandarenotallocatedfurther.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• List real and statistical controlling objects

Business Example

In most cases, costs are posted directly to the cost objects that cause them. In

certaincases,however,itisadvisabletopostthecoststotwoobjectsatthesame

time. Forexample,amarketingmanagermightwanttopostcostsfromdifferent

marketingcampaignstotwodifferentobjects. Thisallowsthecampaigncoststobe

managedbythemarketingcostcenter,butallowsthemtobemonitoredseparately.

Youknowthatinternalorderscanbeusedtopostcoststodifferentcostobjects.

Thecostsarethenalwaystransferredtothemarketingcostcenter. Therefore,you

wanttopostthecoststotheCampaigninternalorderandtothemarketingcost

centeratthesametimetoavoidhavingtomakeatransferpostinglater.

Posting to Statistical and Real Orders

Statisticalordersaretypicallyusedto evaluatecoststhat cannotbeitemisedin

detail in Cost Center Accounting. Unlike real internal orders, you can neither

settlestatisticalordersnorapplyoverheadtothem.

Intheexampleinthefigure,theFinancialAccountingdocumentassignsthecost

postingtobothacostcenterandastatisticalinternalorder. Thecostswillappear

undertheoriginalcostelementbothonthecostcenter(realcosts)andontheorder

(statistical, for information purposes only).

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AC050 Lesson: Statistical and Real Postings

Figure 202: Posting to a Statistical Order

Example: Statisticalorderscouldbecreatedforindividualtrucksmonitoredin

avehiclepoolcostcenter. Cost postingscouldbeassignedtoboththerelevant

orderandthecostcenter. Therealcostpostingsareaccumulatedonthecostcenter

for the entire vehicle pool, whereas the individual orders retain the detail cost

information for each vehicle.

Figure 203: Posting to a Real Order

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Inthisexample,theinternalorderisenteredintheFinancialAccountingdocument

astheaccountassignmentobject. Theinternalorderisapparentlyarealobject,

whichmeansthat thecost postingisareal posting.

If the Financial Accounting document were to also specify a cost center as an

accountassignmentobject,thecostcenterwouldbeupdatedstatistically. When

botharealinternalorderandacostcenterarespecifiedinthesourcedocument

line item, the real posting is directed to the order and statistical postings are

recorded for the cost center and profit center.

Figure 204: Posting to a Profitability Segment

Inthisexample, arevenuepostingismadeto FinancialAccounting. Ifthereis

a primary cost element of type 11 (revenues) that corresponds to the revenue

account,therevenueispostedtotheappropriateprofitabilitysegmentinCO-PA.

Real revenue can be posted to a profitability segment, sales order, customer

project,orrevenueorder. Aswithcostpostings,revenuepostingstoprofitcenters

are statistical.

Additionally,revenuescanbeenteredstatisticallytocostcenters

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AC050 Lesson: Statistical and Real Postings

Exercise 25: Statistical and Real Postings

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Compareastatistical postingwith areal posting

Business Example

The enterprise would like to use an overhead cost order to represent plant

maintenanceand operating costsfor atruckthat isassignedto acost center. It

should not, however, be necessary to view the costs at cost center level at the

same time as they are incurred. You create a statistical order for this purpose.

Because thecosts on the order areonly statistical, they can beanalyzed at the

detailedorderlevelbutcannotbeallocatedtothecostcenter. However,because

theactualcostsarepostedsimultaneouslytothecostcenter,youcanalsocarry

out your analysis at this level.

Task 1:

Create a statistical order.

1. Create a statistical order for a truck used by the service cost center,

SERV-##. Createtheoverheadcostorderwithordertype1000. Namethe

orderTRUCK-##andaddTruck##tothedefaultdescription. Assignthe

order tobusinessarea9900andprofitcenter1400.

Selecttheindicatorforthestatisticalorderandsaveyourorder.

Task 2:

Enter a G/L account expense posting and assign it to your statistical order to

determine the information that is required to execute this transaction in full.

Analyze the resultsin Management Accounting.

1. CreateaG/Laccountposting,withtodayasthedate, forthevehiclecosts

ofyourtruck. UsetheGermancompanycode(1000)forthisandtheEUR

currency.

Enteradebitamountof2000forG/Laccount475000foryourtruckorder

TRUCK-##. SpecifythattheoffsettingcreditistobemadetoG/Laccount

113100. What error message is displayed?

2. Chargethe real vehicle costs to your servicecost center, SERV-##. Post

the document.

Continued on next page

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

3. Run theCost Centers: Actual/Plan/Variance reportfor thecurrentperiod

andplanversion0. Executethereportfortheservicecostcenter,SERV-##.

Checkwhetherthecostpostingforcostelement475000isshown.

4. Run the Orders: Actual/Plan/Variance report for the current period and

plan version 0.

Executethereportforyourtruckorder,TRUCK-##. Checkwhetherthecost

posting for cost element 475000 isshown.

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AC050 Lesson: Statistical and Real Postings

Solution 25: Statistical and Real Postings

Task 1:

Create a statistical order.

1. Create a statistical order for a truck used by the service cost center,

SERV-##. Createtheoverheadcostorderwithordertype1000. Namethe

orderTRUCK-##andaddTruck##tothedefaultdescription. Assignthe

order tobusinessarea9900andprofitcenter1400.

Selecttheindicatorforthestatisticalorderandsaveyourorder.

a) ChooseAccounting>Controlling>InternalOrders>MasterData>

Order Manager or transaction KO04

b) Choose Create .

c) EnterOrderType1000. Select Continue .

d) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Order TRUCK-##

Description Truck-##

Co Code 1000

Business Area 9900

Profit Center 1400

e) ChoosetheControlDatatab. SelectStatisticalOrder. (Thisfieldmay

already be selected.) Choose Save .

f) Choose to exit the transaction.

Task 2:

Enter a G/L account expense posting and assign it to your statistical order to

determine the information that is required to execute this transaction in full.

Analyze the resultsin Management Accounting.

1. CreateaG/Laccountposting,withtodayasthedate, forthevehiclecosts

ofyourtruck. UsetheGermancompanycode(1000)forthisandtheEUR

currency.

Continued on next page

625

Field	Value or Action
Order	TRUCK-##
Description	Truck-##
Co Code	1000
Business Area	9900
Profit Center	1400

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Enteradebitamountof2000forG/Laccount475000foryourtruckorder

TRUCK-##. SpecifythattheoffsettingcreditistobemadetoG/Laccount

113100. What error messageis displayed?

a) Choose Accounting > Financial Accounting > General Ledger >

Posting>EnterG/LAccountDocumentortransactionFB50.

b) Inthe Document Date field, enter today.

Note: IfthesystemdisplaystheEnterCompanyCodedialog

box, enter1000intheCompanyCodefield.

c) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Currency EUR

G/L Account 475000 in first row

D/C Debit

AmountinDocumentCurrency 2000

Tax Code V0

Order TRUCK-##

G/L Account 113100inthesecondrow

D/C Credit

AmountinDocumentCurrency 2000

d) Choose Enter .

Thesystemdisplaystheerrormessage,“Account475000requiresan

assignment to a controlling object.”

2. Charge the real vehicle costs to your service cost center, SERV-##. Post

the document.

a) IntheCostCenterfield,enterSERV-##. ChooseEnter .

Themessagedisappearsandthedocumentisnowcomplete.

b) Choose Post .

Continued on next page

626

Field	Value or Action
Currency	EUR
G/L Account	475000 in first row
D/C	Debit
AmountinDocumentCurrency	2000
Tax Code	V0
Order	TRUCK-##
G/L Account	113100inthesecondrow
D/C	Credit
AmountinDocumentCurrency	2000

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AC050 Lesson: Statistical and Real Postings

3. RuntheCostCenters: Actual/Plan/Variancereport for thecurrentperiod

andplanversion0. Executethereportfortheservicecostcenter,SERV-##.

Checkwhetherthecostpostingforcostelement475000isshown.

a) Choose Accounting > Controlling > Cost Center Accounting >

Information System > Reports for Cost Center Accounting >

Plan/ActualComparisons>CostCenters: Actual/Plan/Varianceor

transaction S_ALR_87013611.

b) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Controlling Area 1000

Fiscal Year current fiscal year

From Period current period

To Period current period

Plan Version 0

Or Value(s) SERV-##

c) Choose Execute .

Youshouldsee2000EURonthe475000VehicleCostsline

d) Select to exit the report.

4. Run the Orders: Actual/Plan/Variance report for the current period and

plan version 0.

Continued on next page

627

Field	Value or Action
Controlling Area	1000
Fiscal Year	current fiscal year
From Period	current period
To Period	current period
Plan Version	0
Or Value(s)	SERV-##

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Executethereportforyourtruckorder,TRUCK-##. Checkwhetherthecost

posting for cost element 475000 isshown.

a) ChooseInternalOrders>InformationSystem>ReportsforInternal

Orders>Plan/ActualComparisons>Orders:Actual/Plan/Varianceor

transaction S_ALR_87012993.

b) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Controlling Area 1000

Fiscal Year current fiscal year

From Period current period

To Period current period

Plan Version 0

Or Value(s) TRUCK-##

c) Choose Execute .

Youshouldsee2000EURonthe475000VehicleCostsline.

d) Choose to exit the report.

628

Field	Value or Action
Controlling Area	1000
Fiscal Year	current fiscal year
From Period	current period
To Period	current period
Plan Version	0
Or Value(s)	TRUCK-##

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AC050 Lesson: Statistical and Real Postings

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• List real and statistical controlling objects

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

Lesson Overview

This lesson presents the most important periodic transactions in Cost Center

Accounting.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Settlethecostsforaninternal order toacostcenter

• Calculate Overheads

Business Example

VariousperiodendtransactionsareavailableforInternalOrders. Attheendofthe

period,additionalsurchargesmayneedtobecalculatedandpostedtotherelevant

orders. Inaddition,anycostsforinternalordersshouldbeallocatedtotherelevant

recipients. Typicallythismeansusingordersettlementalthoughitisalsopossible

to use reposting with orders as the sender.

Overhead Calculations

Overheadcalculationsareanotherformofperiodiccostallocation. Overhead

rates can be applied to almost any account assignment object in Management

Accounting. The sender (credit object), however, can only be a cost center,

internal order, or business process.

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

Figure 205: Overhead Calculations

An overhead rate can be calculated as a percentage of base costs or asa fixed

amount for each reference quantity. Let us assume that overhead has to be

calculatedforthewithdrawalofplasticpipesfromthewarehouse. Thisoverhead

canbecalculatedasapercentageofthecostofthewithdrawnpipesorasafixed

amount per meter of pipe length.

Thecalculationbase,theoverhead,thecreditcostelement,andthecreditobject

are all defined using a costing sheet. The cost element used is a secondary

allocationcostelementofcategory41. Thecostingsheetisassignedinthemaster

datafortheobjectsthat receivetheoverheadpostings.

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Calculating Overheads

Note:

Prior to the calculation of an overhead a Costing Sheet and an

OverheadkeyneedtobecreatedandattachedtotheInternalOrder.

1. Select Accounting > Controlling > Internal Orders > Period End

Closing>SingleFunctions>OverheadRates>Actuals: Individual

Processing or transaction KGI2.

2. EntertheOrdernumber, FiscalYearandPeriod.

3. Tosimulatetheoverheadcalculation,chooseTestrun.

4. Tocheckoverheadcalculationsusingthecostingsheet,selectDialog

display.

5. Selectexecute to performthecalculation.

The systemdisplays the results of theoverhead calculation in a list

forallobjects, forwhichithasdeterminedvalues. Thislist contains

the following information:

• Basiclistwithinformationoncurrentprocessingandnumberof

objects processed.

• Detailedlistwiththeamountsforeachsenderandreceiverwhen

youenterthecreditcostelement. Ifyoualreadyperformedthe

overheadcostingforthegivenperiod,thesystemonlydisplays

variancesfromtheoverheadalreadycosted.

• Period drilldown in the planning data, should the overhead

costingorsimulationoccuroverseveralperiods.

If errors occur during processing, the system refers you to an error

log that contains an error listing.

Youcanprintboththeresultslistandtheerrorlog.

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

Displaying a Costing Sheet

1. Select Accounting > Controlling > Internal Orders > Period End

Closing> Current Settings> maintain Costing Sheetor transaction

S_ALR_87005104.

2. Select the costing sheet you want to display and double click

Costing Sheet Rows.

3. Acostingsheetcomprisesmultiplerowsthatareprocessedfromtopto

bottom during the overhead calculation

Base Rows

You define these by assigning a calculation base, so that they

containthedirectcoststhataretohaveoverheadappliedtothem

during the overhead costing.

Overhead Rows

Thesearedefinedbytheassignmentofanoverheadrate.

An overhead row consists of a base row or a totals row. The

overhead amount is calculated by multiplying the amount

contained in these rows by the overhead percentage rate or

quantity-basedoverheadratedeterminedthroughtheoverhead

rates.

As well as overheads, the overhead rows contain credit keys.

Thesecreditkeysdeterminewhichobject(suchasacostcenteror

order)istobecreditedunderwhichcostelementduringoverhead

rate determination.

Totals Rows

Totalsrowsareusedtogeneratesubtotalsorfinaltotals.

Calculation Base

This defines the primary cost elements to which a particular

overhead is to be applied.

This represents a group of cost elements to which you want

to apply overhead. For each controlling area, you can assign

individualcostelementsorcostelementintervalsandindividual

originsaswellasoriginintervalstothecalculationbases.

Overhead

Theoverheadratedeterminestowhatextentthepercentage-based

or quantity-basedoverheadrateshouldbeappliedtothedirect

costs. Italsospecifiesunderwhichconditions(dependencies)the

overheadrateistobeapplied. Forexample, youcan calculate

a defined overhead rate for each plant by specifying a plant

dependency.

Continued on next page

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Credit

Acreditspecifiesthecreditobjectandthecreditcostelement.

Ifanobjectinactualdataisdebitedwithoverhead,thenanother

object (such as, a cost center, or order) iscredited at the same

time. You allocatetheoverhead using aspecial overheadcost

element (category 41).

Hint:

Onlydebitsarepostedincommitments(nocredits).

4. Select to exit the screen.

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

Order Settlement

Internalordersusuallyactasinterimcostcollectorsandasanaidforplanning,

monitoring,andreportingtransactions. Afterthetaskiscomplete,thecostsmust

besettledtotheirfinaldestination(costcenter,fixedasset,profitabilitysegment,

andsoon). Thisprocessisknownassettlement. Settlementisanotherformof

periodic cost allocation.

Figure 206: Order Settlement

Youcancarryoutsettlementsattheendoftheperiodortheendoftheorderlife

cycle,dependingonthetypeoforderanditsfunctioninyourenterprise.

Youcansettleorderstodifferenttypesofreceivers,providedthattheyaredefined

as valid in Customizing and there are no system restrictions (such as period

locks) that prevent the settlement. Examples of possible settlement receivers

includecost centers, otherorders, projects, profitabilitysegments, fixedassets,

and G/L accounts.

Asettlementrulemustbedefinedforeachorderintheordermasterrecord. This

rulecanspecify,forexample,thatallthecostsfortheorderaresettledtoasingle

receiver or split between several receivers.

You can control how the settlement is carried out with the many available

settlement options.

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Carrying Out Settlement

1. SelectAccounting>Controlling>InternalOrders>SingleFunctions

>Settlement>IndividualProcessingortransactionKO88.

Hint:

You can only perform settlement after you have created a

settlementrule,actualcostshavebeenincurredonthesender

object, and all the settlement prerequisites for that sender

have been met.

2. EntertheOrderNumber,SettlementPeriodandfiscalyear.

Hint:

youcannotperformsettlementacrossfiscalyearboundaries.

3. Enter the posting period. The system automatically determines the

postingdatefromthepostingperiodandthefiscalyear. Theposting

dateisthelastdayofthepostingperiod. Thereisnoinputfieldforthis,

butthedatedoesappear,forexample,insettlementdocuments.

4. TheassetvaluedateisthedateforvaluationinAsset Management.

Youcanenterthedateintheinitialscreeninthesettlementorderiveit

fromthesettlementruleforthesendingorreceivingasset. Thisfield

doesnotappear,forexample,duringsettlementofproductionorders.

5. Typicallytheprocessingtypeissetatautomatic.

Thereare3processingtypesdefinedforsettlement:

Automatic

Thesystemselectsallthedistributionrulesforasender.

IfasenderonlyhasdistributionruleswithsettlementtypePER,

the system only selects and settles the costs of the settlement

period.

IfasenderhasdistributionruleswithsettlementtypePER(PER

rules)aswellasdistributionruleswithsettlementtypeFUL(FUL

rules),thePERrulesareappliedfirsttothecostsforthesettlement

period. Ifanycostsareleftafterthat,theFULrulesareapplied.

AproductionorderwiththeFULsettlementruletomaterialsis

notsettleduntilthefinaldelivery isreceived. However, if any

workin process iscalculatedfor theorder (order accrual), the

relatedvaluescanbetransferredtoFinancialAccounting.

Continued on next page

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

For investment measures, FUL rules are not applied until the

measureistechnicallyclosed(compare"partialcapitalisation").

Assetsunderconstruction(AUC)arealwayssettled, regardless

of status.

Periodic

All distribution ruleswith settlement typesPERandAUCare

selected. PERrulesareappliedfirst. Ininvestmentmeasures,this

isfollowedbysettlementtoassetsunderconstruction.

Partial Capitalisation

Use this processing type if you want to partially capitalize an

investmentmeasurewhichisnotyetcomplete,thatis,ifyouwant

tosettlepartoftheoverallcosttofinishedassets.

6. YoucanrunthesettlementintestrunmodebyselectingTestRun.

7. Ifyousetthechecktransactiondataindicator,thesystemperformsa

checkatthebeginningofprocessingofasender. Thischeckswhether

anytransactiondatawaspostedtothatsenderafterthelastsettlement.

Ifnotransactiondatawasposted, thensenderprocessingisstopped.

Inthestatistics, thissender is inthe"No transactiondataavailable"

category.

8. Execute the settlement with

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

Exercise 26: Internal Orders Period End

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Settlethecostsforaninternalordertoacostcenter

Business Example

Your company would like to run period-end closing. Before you can close

Overhead Cost Management for the period, the balance for the overhead cost

objects must be zero. With overhead cost orders, this is accomplished by

settlement, which credits the service cost centers by allocating the costs they

incurredtotheprimarycostcentersthatreceivedtheactivitiesoftheservicecost

centers.

Task:

Settleyour tradefair order to the servicecost center that isresponsiblefor the

costs incurred.

1. Carryoutanactualcostsettlementforyourtradefairorder. Usethecurrent

period for thesettlement and posting period.

Note: Usethetradefair order numberyouwrotedownearlieron

your data sheet. To search for the order number, use order type

0400 as the matchcode.

Makesurethatcostswerepostedtoyourtradefairorderbylookingupthe

posteddatainthecost flowreport fortheorder.

Note: Toaccessthisreport,whichisintheinformationsystemunder

themenufor internalorders, chooseAccounting> Controlling>

Internalorders>InformationSystem>ReportsforInternalOrders

>Plan/ActualComparisons>Orders: Actual/Plan/Variance. Enter

controllingarea1000,theactualfiscalyearandperiod,planversion

0, and your order number.

If no costs were posted, post 2000 euros to your order. Choose

Accounting>FinancialAccounting>GeneralLedger>Posting

>EnterG/LAccountingDocumentortransactionFB50. Usecost

element403000andaccount113100asinpreviousexercises.

Goto the detailed list. Display thesender andreceiver view. Which cost

element is used for the settlement?

Continued on next page

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

2. Run the Orders: Actual/Plan/Variance report for the current period and

planversion0. Runthereportforyourtradefairorder. Whatisthebalance

on your order?

3. Run theCost Centers: Actual/Plan/Variance reportfor thecurrentperiod

andplanversion0toseehowthesettlementaffectsyourcostcenter. Run

thereportfor theservicecost center (SERV-##).

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

Solution 26: Internal Orders Period End

Task:

Settleyour tradefair order to the servicecost center that isresponsiblefor the

costs incurred.

1. Carryoutanactualcostsettlementforyourtradefairorder. Usethecurrent

period for thesettlement and posting period.

Note: Usethetradefair order numberyouwrotedownearlieron

your data sheet. To search for the order number, use order type

0400 as the matchcode.

Makesurethatcostswerepostedtoyourtradefairorderbylookingupthe

posteddatainthecost flowreport fortheorder.

Note: Toaccessthisreport,whichisintheinformationsystemunder

themenufor internalorders, chooseAccounting> Controlling>

Internalorders>InformationSystem>ReportsforInternalOrders

>Plan/ActualComparisons>Orders: Actual/Plan/Variance. Enter

controllingarea1000,theactualfiscalyearandperiod,planversion

0, and your order number.

If no costs were posted, post 2000 euros to your order. Choose

Accounting>FinancialAccounting>GeneralLedger>Posting

>EnterG/LAccountingDocumentortransactionFB50. Usecost

element403000andaccount113100asinpreviousexercises.

Continued on next page

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

Goto thedetailed list. Display thesender andreceiverview. Whichcost

element is used for the settlement?

a) Choose Accounting > Controlling > Internal Orders> Period-End

Closing>SingleFunctions>Settlement>IndividualProcessingor

transaction KO88.

b) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Order your tradefairnumber

Settlement Period current period

Posting Period current period

Fiscal Year current fiscal year

Processing type select automatic

Test Run makesurethisisnotselected

c) Choose Execute .

d) Gotothedetailedlist . Displaythesenderandreceiverview.

Dependingonthecustomizingofthesystem,thesettlementwascarried

outwiththeoriginalpostedcostelementorwithaspecialsettlement

costelement(forexample,651000)withcostelementcategory21.

e) Select to exit.

Continued on next page

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Field	Value or Action
Order	your tradefairnumber
Settlement Period	current period
Posting Period	current period
Fiscal Year	current fiscal year
Processing type	select automatic
Test Run	makesurethisisnotselected

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

2. Run the Orders: Actual/Plan/Variance report for the current period and

planversion0. Runthereportforyourtradefairorder. Whatisthebalance

on your order?

a) Choose Accounting> Controlling > Internal Orders>Information

System>ReportsforInternalOrders>Plan/ActualComparisons>

Orders: Actual/Plan/VarianceortransactionS_ALR_87012993.

b) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Controlling Area 1000

Fiscal Year current fiscal year

From Period current period

To Period current period

Plan Version 0

Or Value(s) your tradefair number

c) Choose Execute .

The balance should be zero.

Continued on next page

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Field	Value or Action
Controlling Area	1000
Fiscal Year	current fiscal year
From Period	current period
To Period	current period
Plan Version	0
Or Value(s)	your tradefair number

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Unit8: InternalOrders AC050

3. Run theCost Centers: Actual/Plan/Variance reportfor thecurrentperiod

andplanversion0toseehowthesettlementaffectsyourcostcenter. Run

thereportfor theservicecost center (SERV-##).

a) Choose Accounting > Controlling > Cost Center Accounting >

Information System > Reports for Cost Center Accounting >

Plan/Actual Comparisons >Cost Centers: Actual/Plan/Variance or

transaction S_ALR_87013611.

b) Enter the following data:

Field Value or Action

Controlling Area 1000

Fiscal Year current fiscal year

From Period current period

To Period current period

Plan Version 0

Or Value(s) SERV-##

c) Choose Execute .

The settlement amount was debited under the same settlement cost

elementthatwasusedtocredittheinternalorder.

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Field	Value or Action
Controlling Area	1000
Fiscal Year	current fiscal year
From Period	current period
To Period	current period
Plan Version	0
Or Value(s)	SERV-##

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AC050 Lesson: Internal Orders Period End

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Settlethecostsforaninternalordertoacostcenter

• Calculate Overheads

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UnitSummary AC050

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• ListthemasterdatausedinInternalOrderAccountingandexplainitspurpose

• Describethescopeof PlanninginInternal Orders

• DescribethepurposeanduseofEasyCostPlanningfunctions

• Set up a budget for an internal order

• Postdocumentstoaninternalordertodemonstratetheeffectsofavailability

control

• DescribehowExecutionServicesisusedtopostdocuments

• List real and statistical controlling objects

• Settlethecostsforaninternal order toacostcenter

• Calculate Overheads

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AC050 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

1. IntheOrderMasterDatayoumustattachtheordertotheStandardHierarchy

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

2. When you create a Internal Order, the first thing you have to enter is an

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

3. WhichofthefollowingfieldsinanOrderaredeterminedautomatically?

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A Status

□ B Currency

□ C Settlement Receiver

□ D Object Class

4. WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedinplanningInternalOrders

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A Overall Planning

□ B Primary Cost Planning

□ C Original Planning

□ D Easy Cost Planning

□ E Profile Planning

5. YoucanplanonasmanyversionsasyoulikeforInternalOrders

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

6. Easycostplanningprovidesawaytoenterplandatafor aninternal order

based on a previously defined template

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

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TestYourKnowledge AC050

7. is the budget originally allocated.

Budget updates include and .

istheoriginalbudgetplusallupdates.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

8. controlhowthesystemreactstobudget

variances.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

9. Whichof thefollowing are real cost objects?

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A Profit Center

□ B Profitability Segment

□ C Network

□ D Cost Object

10. AnInternalOrdercanreceivebothRealandStatisticalPostings

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

11. ACostCentercanreceivebothRealandStatisticalpostings

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

12. You canpostto multiplereal Cost Objectsaslong asthereisonlyoneof

each type.

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

13. You can post tomultipleStatisticalCostObjects

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

14. Thecostelementusedforanoverheadpostingmustbecategory .

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

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AC050 Test Your Knowledge

15. Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofsettlementreceivers?

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A Cost Center

□ B Internal Order

□ C GL Account

□ D Vendor

□ E Fixed Asset

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TestYourKnowledge AC050

Answers

1. IntheOrderMasterDatayoumustattachtheordertotheStandardHierarchy

Answer: False

TheStandardHierarchyconceptisusedforCostCentersandProfitCenters,

not Internal Orders

2. When you create a Internal Order, the first thing you have to enter is an

Order Type.

Answer: Order Type.

All orders must beattachedto an Order Type. TheOrder Typehasmany

controlparametersthatareusedtoinfluencetheorder.

3. WhichofthefollowingfieldsinanOrderaredeterminedautomatically?

Answer: A, B, D

YouspecifytheSettlementReceivereitheronthefaceofthemasterdataor

in the settlement rules.

4. WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedinplanningInternalOrders

Answer: A, B, D

With internal orders we have much of the planning functionality of Cost

CenterAccountingbutalsoadditionaloptionssuchasOverallPlanningand

Easy Cost Planning.

5. YoucanplanonasmanyversionsasyoulikeforInternalOrders

Answer: True

Youareonlylimitedbythenumberofversionsthatyouhave.

6. Easycostplanningprovidesawaytoenter plandatafor aninternalorder

based on a previously defined template

Answer: True

Itisonlynecessarytoenterplanvaluesforthevariablesinthetemplate. All

theresourcesdefinedinthetemplatewillbeplannedinadequatequantities.

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AC050 Test Your Knowledge

7. OriginalBudgetisthebudgetoriginallyallocated. Budgetupdatesinclude

supplements and returns. Current budget is the original budget plus all

updates.

Answer: OriginalBudget,supplements,returns,Currentbudget

Thesystemrecognisesallthesebudgettypesforinternalorders

8. ToleranceLimitscontrolhowthesystemreactstobudgetvariances.

Answer: Tolerance Limits

Tolerancelimitsaredefinedseparatelyforeachbudgetprofile. Youcanset

different tolerancelimitsfor different actions.

9. Whichof thefollowing arereal cost objects?

Answer: B, C, D

TheProfitCenterisregardedasaStatisticalObjectfromthepointofviewof

Controlling

10. AnInternalOrdercanreceivebothRealandStatisticalPostings

Answer: False

AnInternalOrdercanreceiveeitherRealorStatisticalpostingsbutnotboth.

11. ACostCentercanreceivebothRealandStatisticalpostings

Answer: True

The Cost Center is the only Cost Object that can accept both Real and

Statistical postings.

12. Youcanpostto multiplerealCost Objectsaslongasthere isonlyoneof

each type.

Answer: False

TherecanbeonlyoneRealpostingtoManagementAccounting.

13. Youcanpost tomultipleStatistical CostObjects

Answer: True

Youcan post to a Statistical Order, Statistical Project and aProfit Center

all from the same posting.

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TestYourKnowledge AC050

14. Thecostelementusedforanoverheadpostingmustbecategory41.

Answer: 41

You can only use a secondary cost element of this category to carry out

an overhead posting.

15. Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofsettlementreceivers?

Answer: A, B, C, E

Therearemanyreceiversofsettlementpostings, mainlyother controlling

costobjectsbutsomeareinFinancialAccounting.

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