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216 CHAPTER 5 USER TRANSACTION CODES
Function Name and Path T-code
Display Manual Cost Allocation: KB16N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Manual Cost
Allocation → Display
Reverse Manual Cost Allocation: KB17N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Manual Cost
Allocation → Reverse
Enter Statistical Key Figures: KB31N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key
Figures → Enter
Display Statistical Key Figures: KB33N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key
Figures → Display
Reverse Statistical Key Figures: KB34N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key
Figures → Reverse
Periodic Reposting: KSW5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Period-End Closing → Single
Functions → Periodic Reposting
Accrual Calculation: KSA3
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Period-End Closing → Single
Functions → Accrual Calculation
Distribution: KSV5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Period-End Closing → Single
Functions → Allocations → Distribution
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Display Manual Cost Allocation: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Manual Cost Allocation → Display | KB16N | |
| Reverse Manual Cost Allocation: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Manual Cost Allocation → Reverse | KB17N | |
| Enter Statistical Key Figures: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key Figures → Enter | KB31N | |
| Display Statistical Key Figures: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key Figures → Display | KB33N | |
| Reverse Statistical Key Figures: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key Figures → Reverse | KB34N | |
| Periodic Reposting: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Period-End Closing → Single Functions → Periodic Reposting | KSW5 | |
| Accrual Calculation: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Period-End Closing → Single Functions → Accrual Calculation | KSA3 | |
| Distribution: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Period-End Closing → Single Functions → Allocations → Distribution | KSV5 |
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5.7 CO-IO 217
Function Name and Path T-code
Assessment: KSU5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Period-End Closing → Single
Functions → Allocations → Assessment
Information Range: Cost Centers: S_ALR_87013612
Systems SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports
for Cost Center Accounting → Plan/Actual
Comparisons → Cost Centers: Actual/Plan/Variance
Range: Cost Elements: S_ALR_87013613
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports
for Cost Center Accounting → Plan/Actual
Comparisons → Range: Cost Elements
Cost Centers: Actual Line Items: KSB1
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for
Cost Center Accounting → Line items → Cost Centers:
Actual Line Items
Cost Center Master Data: KS13
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for
Cost Center Accounting → Line items → Cost Centers:
Actual Line Items → Cost Centers: Master Data Report
TABLE 5.6
5.7 INTERNAL ORDER (CO-IO)
T he main activities in the CO-IO sub-modules involve: (1) maintenance
of internal order (IO) master data, (2) CO internal posting, (3) period-end
processing, and (4) information systems. For your reference, some of the
important transaction codes for Internal Order are provided in Table 5.7.
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Assessment: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Period-End Closing → Single Functions → Allocations → Assessment | KSU5 | |
| Information Systems | Range: Cost Centers: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Cost Center Accounting → Plan/Actual Comparisons → Cost Centers: Actual/Plan/Variance | S_ALR_87013612 |
| Range: Cost Elements: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Cost Center Accounting → Plan/Actual Comparisons → Range: Cost Elements | S_ALR_87013613 | |
| Cost Centers: Actual Line Items: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Cost Center Accounting → Line items → Cost Centers: Actual Line Items | KSB1 | |
| Cost Center Master Data: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Cost Center Accounting → Line items → Cost Centers: Actual Line Items → Cost Centers: Master Data Report | KS13 | |
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218 CHAPTER 5 USER TRANSACTION CODES
Function Name and Path T-code
Master Data Create IO: KO01
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Master Data → Special Functions →
Order → Create
Change IO: KO02
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Master Data → Special Functions →
Order → Change
Display IO: KO03
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Master Data → Special Functions →
Order → Display
Create IO Group: KOH1
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Master Data → Order Group → Create
Change IO Group: KOH2
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Master Data → Order Group → Change
Display IO Group: KOH3
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Master Data → Order Group → Display
Transactions Manual Reposting of Cost: KB11N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of
Costs → Enter
Displaying Manual Reposting of Cost: KB13N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of
Costs → Display
Reversing Manual Reposting of Cost: KB14N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of
Costs → Reverse
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Master Data | Create IO: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Master Data → Special Functions → Order → Create | KO01 |
| Change IO: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Master Data → Special Functions → Order → Change | KO02 | |
| Display IO: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Master Data → Special Functions → Order → Display | KO03 | |
| Create IO Group: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Master Data → Order Group → Create | KOH1 | |
| Change IO Group: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Master Data → Order Group → Change | KOH2 | |
| Display IO Group: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Master Data → Order Group → Display | KOH3 | |
| Transactions | Manual Reposting of Cost: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of Costs → Enter | KB11N |
| Displaying Manual Reposting of Cost: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of Costs → Display | KB13N | |
| Reversing Manual Reposting of Cost: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of Costs → Reverse | KB14N |
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5.7 CO-IO 219
Function Name and Path T-code
Manual Reposting of Revenues: KB41N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of
Revenues → Enter
Displaying Manual Reposting of Revenues: KB43N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of
Revenues → Display
Reversing Manual Reposting of Revenues: KB44N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of
Revenues → Reverse
Reposting Line Items: KB61
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Repost Line Items → Enter
Displaying Manual Reposting of Line Items: KB63
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Repost Line Items → Display
Reversing Manual Reposting of Line Items: KB64
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Actual Postings → Repost Line Items → Reverse
IO Individual Settlement: KO88
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Period-End Closing → Settlement → Individual
Processing
IO Collective Settlement: KO8G
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Period-End Closing → Settlement → Collective
Processing
TABLE 5.7
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Manual Reposting of Revenues: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of Revenues → Enter | KB41N | |
| Displaying Manual Reposting of Revenues: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of Revenues → Display | KB43N | |
| Reversing Manual Reposting of Revenues: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Manual Reposting of Revenues → Reverse | KB44N | |
| Reposting Line Items: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Repost Line Items → Enter | KB61 | |
| Displaying Manual Reposting of Line Items: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Repost Line Items → Display | KB63 | |
| Reversing Manual Reposting of Line Items: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Actual Postings → Repost Line Items → Reverse | KB64 | |
| IO Individual Settlement: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Period-End Closing → Settlement → Individual Processing | KO88 | |
| IO Collective Settlement: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Period-End Closing → Settlement → Collective Processing | KO8G |
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220 CHAPTER 5 USER TRANSACTION CODES
Function Name and Path T-code
Line Item Settlement of Investment Order: KOB5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Period-End Closing → Settlement → Investment
Order: Line Items
Information Orders: Actual Line Items: KOB1
Systems SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Information System → Reports for Internal
Orders → Orders: Actual Line Items
CO Documents: Actual Costs: KSB5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Information System → Reports for Internal
Orders → CO Documents: Actual Costs
Display Budget Document: KO2B
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal
Orders → Information System → Reports for Internal
Orders → Display Budget Document
TABLE 5.7
5.8 PROFIT CENTER ACCOUNTING (CO-PCA)
T he main activities in the CO-PCA submodules involve: (1) maintenance of
profit center master data, (2) CO internal posting, (3) period-end processing, and
(4) information systems. For your reference, some of the important transaction
codes for Profit Center Accounting are provided in Table 5.8.
Function Name and Path T-code
Master Data Create Profit Center: KE51
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit
Center → Individual Processing → Create
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Line Item Settlement of Investment Order: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Period-End Closing → Settlement → Investment Order: Line Items | KOB5 | |
| Information Systems | Orders: Actual Line Items: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Information System → Reports for Internal Orders → Orders: Actual Line Items | KOB1 |
| CO Documents: Actual Costs: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Information System → Reports for Internal Orders → CO Documents: Actual Costs | KSB5 | |
| Display Budget Document: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Internal Orders → Information System → Reports for Internal Orders → Display Budget Document | KO2B | |
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Master Data | Create Profit Center: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center → Individual Processing → Create | KE51 |
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5.8 CO-PCA 221
Function Name and Path T-code
Change Profit Center: KE52
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit
Center → Individual Processing → Change
Display Profit Center: KE53
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit
Center → Individual Processing → Display
Delete Profit Center: KE54
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit
Center → Individual Processing → Delete
Display Changes in Profit Center: 6KEA
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit
Center → Individual Processing → Display Changes
Standard Create Standard Hierarchy: KCH1
Hierarchy SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Standard
Hierarchy → Create
Change Standard Hierarchy: KCH5N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Standard
Hierarchy → Change
Display Standard Hierarchy: KCH6N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Standard
Hierarchy → Display
Profit Center Create Profit Center Group: KCH1
Group SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center
Group → Create
TABLE 5.8
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Change Profit Center: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center → Individual Processing → Change | KE52 | |
| Display Profit Center: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center → Individual Processing → Display | KE53 | |
| Delete Profit Center: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center → Individual Processing → Delete | KE54 | |
| Display Changes in Profit Center: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center → Individual Processing → Display Changes | 6KEA | |
| Standard Hierarchy | Create Standard Hierarchy: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Standard Hierarchy → Create | KCH1 |
| Change Standard Hierarchy: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Standard Hierarchy → Change | KCH5N | |
| Display Standard Hierarchy: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Standard Hierarchy → Display | KCH6N | |
| Profit Center Group | Create Profit Center Group: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center Group → Create | KCH1 |
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222 CHAPTER 5 USER TRANSACTION CODES
Function Name and Path T-code
Change Profit Center Group: KCH2
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center
Group → Change
Display Profit Center Group: KCH3
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center
Group → Display
Actual Postings Enter Actual Posting: 9KE0
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Profit Center
Document → Enter
Display Actual Posting: 9KE9
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Profit Center
Document → Display
Change Actual Posting: 9KE5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key
Figures → Change
Display Statistical Key Figure: 9KE6
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key
Figures → Display
Assessment: 3KE5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Period-End
Closing → Assessment
Distribution: 4KE5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Period-End
Closing → Distribution
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Change Profit Center Group: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center Group → Change | KCH2 | |
| Display Profit Center Group: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Master Data → Profit Center Group → Display | KCH3 | |
| Actual Postings | Enter Actual Posting: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Profit Center Document → Enter | 9KE0 |
| Display Actual Posting: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Profit Center Document → Display | 9KE9 | |
| Change Actual Posting: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key Figures → Change | 9KE5 | |
| Display Statistical Key Figure: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Statistical Key Figures → Display | 9KE6 | |
| Assessment: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Period-End Closing → Assessment | 3KE5 | |
| Distribution: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Period-End Closing → Distribution | 4KE5 |
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5.8 CO-PCA 223
Function Name and Path T-code
Transferring Payables/Receivables: 1KEK
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Period-End
Closing → Distribution
Balance Carry Forward: 2KES
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Period-End
Closing → Balance Carry Forward
Information Profit Center: Actual Line Items: KE5Z
Systems SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for
Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Profit
Center: Actual Line Items
Profit Center: Receivables: S_ALR_87013343
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profit Center Accounting → Information System →
Reports for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item
Reports → Open Items → Profit Center: Receivables
Profit Center: Payables: S_ALR_87013344
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for
Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Open
Items → Profit Center: Payables
Profit Centers: Customers (Transferred Periodically): S_ALR_87013345
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports
for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item
Reports → Balance Sheet Items Transferred
Periodically → Profit Centers: Customers (Transferred
Periodically)
TABLE 5.8
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Transferring Payables/Receivables: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Period-End Closing → Distribution | 1KEK | |
| Balance Carry Forward: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Actual Postings → Period-End Closing → Balance Carry Forward | 2KES | |
| Information Systems | Profit Center: Actual Line Items: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Profit Center: Actual Line Items | KE5Z |
| Profit Center: Receivables: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Open Items → Profit Center: Receivables | S_ALR_87013343 | |
| Profit Center: Payables: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Open Items → Profit Center: Payables | S_ALR_87013344 | |
| Profit Centers: Customers (Transferred Periodically): SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Balance Sheet Items Transferred Periodically → Profit Centers: Customers (Transferred Periodically) | S_ALR_87013345 |
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224 CHAPTER 5 USER TRANSACTION CODES
Function Name and Path T-code
Profit Centers: Vendors (Transferred Periodically): S_ALR_87013346
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports
for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item
Reports → Balance Sheet Items Transferred
Periodically → Profit Centers: Vendors (Transferred
Periodically)
Profit Centers: Assets (Transferred Periodically): S_ALR_87013347
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports
for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item
Reports → Balance Sheet Items Transferred
Periodically → Profit Centers: Assets (Transferred
Periodically)
Profit Centers: Materials (Transferred Periodically): S_ALR_87013348
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit
Center Accounting → Information System → Reports
for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item
Reports → Balance Sheet Items Transferred
Periodically → Profit Centers: Materials (Transferred
Periodically)
TABLE 5.8
5.9 PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS (CO-PA)
The main activities in the CO-PA submodules involve: (1) maintenance of
PA master data, (2) CO internal posting, (3) period-end processing, and
(4) information systems. For your reference, some of the important transaction
codes for Profitability Analysis are provided in Table 5.9.
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Profit Centers: Vendors (Transferred Periodically): SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Balance Sheet Items Transferred Periodically → Profit Centers: Vendors (Transferred Periodically) | S_ALR_87013346 | |
| Profit Centers: Assets (Transferred Periodically): SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Balance Sheet Items Transferred Periodically → Profit Centers: Assets (Transferred Periodically) | S_ALR_87013347 | |
| Profit Centers: Materials (Transferred Periodically): SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profit Center Accounting → Information System → Reports for Profit Center Accounting → Line Item Reports → Balance Sheet Items Transferred Periodically → Profit Centers: Materials (Transferred Periodically) | S_ALR_87013348 | |
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5.9 CO-PA 225
Function Name and Path T-code
Change Characteristic Values: KES1
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Master Data → Characteristic
Values → Change Characteristic Values
Define Characteristics Hierarchy: KES3
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Master Data → Characteristic
Values → Define Characteristics Hierarchy
Maintain Derivation Rules: KEDE
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Master Data → Maintain
Derivation Rules
Maintain Realignments: KEND
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Master Data → Maintain
Realignments
Assessment: KEU5
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Actual Postings → Period-End
Closing → Transfer Cost Center Costs/Process
Costs → Assessment
Execute Report: KE30
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Information System → Execute
Report
Display Line Items—Actual: KE24
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Information System → Display
Line Item List → Actual
TABLE 5.9
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Change Characteristic Values: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Master Data → Characteristic Values → Change Characteristic Values | KES1 | |
| Define Characteristics Hierarchy: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Master Data → Characteristic Values → Define Characteristics Hierarchy | KES3 | |
| Maintain Derivation Rules: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Master Data → Maintain Derivation Rules | KEDE | |
| Maintain Realignments: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Master Data → Maintain Realignments | KEND | |
| Assessment: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Actual Postings → Period-End Closing → Transfer Cost Center Costs/Process Costs → Assessment | KEU5 | |
| Execute Report: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Information System → Execute Report | KE30 | |
| Display Line Items—Actual: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Information System → Display Line Item List → Actual | KE24 |
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226 CHAPTER 5 USER TRANSACTION CODES
Function Name and Path T-code
Summarization Level Data Refresh: KEDU
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Tools → Summarization
Levels → Refresh
External Data Transfer: KEFC
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Profitability Analysis → Tools → External Data
Transfer → Execute
TABLE 5.9
5.10 PRODUCT COSTING (CO-PC)
T he main activities in the CO-PC submodules involve the calculation of cost
and analysis. For your reference, some of the important transaction codes for
product costing are listed in Table 5.10.
Function Name and Path T-code
Display Materials to be Costed: CKAPP01
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost
Planning → Material Costing → Display
Materials to be Costed
Edit Costing Run: CKMATSEL
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost
Planning → Material Costing → Costing Run →
Selection List → CKMATSEL – Create
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Summarization Level Data Refresh: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Tools → Summarization Levels → Refresh | KEDU | |
| External Data Transfer: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Tools → External Data Transfer → Execute | KEFC | |
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Display Materials to be Costed: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material Costing → Display Materials to be Costed | CKAPP01 | |
| Edit Costing Run: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material Costing → Costing Run → Selection List → CKMATSEL – Create | CKMATSEL |
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5.10 CO-PC 227
Function Name and Path T-code
Create Cost Estimate with Quantity Structure: CK11N
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product
Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material
Costing → Cost Estimate with Quantity
Structure → Create
Create Cost Estimate without Quantity Structure: KKPAN
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product
Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material
Costing → Cost Estimate Without Quantity
Structure → KKPAN – Create
Price Update: CK24
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product
Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material
Costing → Price Update
Create Product Cost Estimate: CKW1
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling →
Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning →
Material Costing → Production Lot Cost Estimate →
Create
Create Base Planning Object: KKE1
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product
Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Reference
and Simulation Costing → Create Base
Planning Object
Edit Costing Model: CKCM
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product
Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning →
Easy Cost Planning and Execution Services →
CKCM – Edit Costing Model
TABLE 5.10
Continued
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Create Cost Estimate with Quantity Structure: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material Costing → Cost Estimate with Quantity Structure → Create | CK11N | |
| Create Cost Estimate without Quantity Structure: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material Costing → Cost Estimate Without Quantity Structure → KKPAN – Create | KKPAN | |
| Price Update: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material Costing → Price Update | CK24 | |
| Create Product Cost Estimate: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Material Costing → Production Lot Cost Estimate → Create | CKW1 | |
| Create Base Planning Object: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Reference and Simulation Costing → Create Base Planning Object | KKE1 | |
| Edit Costing Model: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Easy Cost Planning and Execution Services → CKCM – Edit Costing Model | CKCM |
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228 CHAPTER 5 USER TRANSACTION CODES
Function Name and Path T-code
Results of Costing Run: S_ALR_87099930
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product
Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning →
Information System → Summarized Analysis →
Analyze Costing Run → Results of Costing Run
Price vs. Cost Estimate: S_ALR_87099931
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product
Cost Controlling → Product Cost
Planning → Information System → Summarized
Analysis → Analyze Costing Run → Price vs. Cost
Estimate
Variances between Costing Runs: S_ALR_87099932
SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product
Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning →
Information System → Summarized Analysis → Analyze
Costing Run → Variances Between Costing Runs
TABLE 5.10
| Function Name and Path | T-code | |
| Results of Costing Run: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Information System → Summarized Analysis → Analyze Costing Run → Results of Costing Run | S_ALR_87099930 | |
| Price vs. Cost Estimate: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Information System → Summarized Analysis → Analyze Costing Run → Price vs. Cost Estimate | S_ALR_87099931 | |
| Variances between Costing Runs: SAP R/3 System → Accounting → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Information System → Summarized Analysis → Analyze Costing Run → Variances Between Costing Runs | S_ALR_87099932 | |
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6 FICO Q
UICK
T
OUR
Chapter
T his chapter covers, in bullet-point style, the FICO submodules. Note that this
chapter has an important role from an interview perspective. It is impossible
to cover all of the submodules of the SAP software in such a small number of
pages, but this chapter does cover the most important points of the SAP FICO
submodules.
6.1 SAP GENERAL
n The client is an independent unit within a system. For example,
an SAP server may have more than one client. Each client has
its data environment and the SAP solution stores all master
data within a client’s environment. When you log into the SAP
server, you will select your client. However, some tables as well
as configuration and customization are client independent.
Because of client dependence and independence, it is not
desirable to keep different components of the system landscape
in the same system.
n Operating concerns: Operating concerns represent an
organization entity from the market segment point of view. You
can assign several controlling areas to one operating concern.
CO-PA operates within an operating concern.
n The controlling area: The controlling area is the basic
organizational unit in Controlling (CO). You may assign more
than one company code to a controlling area. As a period-end
activity, you allocate expenses from one cost object to another.
229
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230 CHAPTER 6 FICO QUICK TOUR
n Company code: The company code is an independent account
unit for which you maintain books of account for external
reporting.
n In SAP R/3 or mySAP Financial, you follow the variant principle
to simplify the configuration, The variant principle is a three-
step process: (1) Create the variant, (2) populate the variant with
data, and (3) assign the variant to business objects.
6.2 FI GENERAL
n The term “accounting” is used to capture day-to-day business
transactions for various purposes. You can broadly classify
accounting information users as (1) external users, i.e., Internal
Accounting Standards (IAS), International Financial Reporting
Standards (IFRS), stockholders, and other legal authorities and
(2) internal users, i.e., the management of a company.
n The Financial Information (FI) modules take care of external
reporting by providing information in the form of a balance
sheet and P&L account.
n The Controlling (CO) module takes care of management’s
reporting requirements. It offers a variety of reporting tools
that handle different reporting requirements for the effective
management of an entity. FI is the main source of data for CO;
however, sometimes the CO module generates FI postings, such
as reconciliation posting initiated by the reconciliation ledger.
n To post business transactions to a period, you must define or
maintain an accounting year or financial year. In SAP R/3 or in
mySAP Financial, this is called the fiscal year. There are two
types of fiscal year: (1) year independent and (2) year dependent.
n A year-dependent fiscal year is valid for a particular year that
you are defining (see Figure 6.1). If you are using a year-
dependent fiscal year, then each and every year you have to
maintain the definition of the fiscal year. For an example of a
shortened fiscal year, is year dependent fiscal year.
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6.2 FI GENERAL 231
FIGURE 6.1 Year-dependent fiscal year
n The second type of fiscal year is a year-independent fiscal year.
A year-independent fiscal year is not relevant to a particular
year. The year-independent fiscal year is further subdivided
into a calendar year and a noncalendar year. A calendar year
always starts on January 1 and ends on December 31, while a
noncalendar year can start in any month.
FIGURE 6.2 Noncalendar fiscal year
In Figure 6.2, the fiscal years are noncalendar years because they start on
dates other than January 1.
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232 CHAPTER 6 FICO QUICK TOUR
n A fiscal year variant contains the definition of posting periods.
Generally, a posting period represents a month. In Figure 6.2,
you defined how many posting periods a fiscal year will have.
There are two types of posting period; (1) normal posting
period and (2) special posting period. A normal posting period
represents a month of a fiscal year, while a special posting period
is a virtual posting period. Special posting periods are used to
track year-end activities.
n While posting a transaction, you enter the document posting
date. Based upon the document posting date, the system
determines the posting period and the fiscal year to be posted.
n To record transactions in foreign currencies, you maintain
translation ratios through various tools in mySAP Financial.
These are (1) inversion, (2) base currency, and (3) exchange
rate spreads. With the exchange rate spread, you will maintain
an average rate, and the system will derive the buying rate and
selling rate. With base currency, you will maintain an exchange
rate between the base currency and foreign currencies.
6.3 GENERAL LEDGER (G/L) ACCOUNTING
n Each G/L is set up according to a chart of accounts (COA).
The COA contains the definitions of all G/L accounts. The
definitions consist mainly of the account number, account
name, and the type of G/L account, i.e., whether the account is
a P&L type account or a balance sheet type account.
n Each company code uses one COA for the G/L. This COA
is assigned to the company code, and a COA can be used by
multiple company codes. This means that the G/L of these
company codes have an identical structure. A COA is an index
of G/L accounts. Since the COA is a client-dependent master,
you have two views for a G/L account master: (1) general data,
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6.3 G/L ACCOUNTING 233
which is client dependent, and (2) company code data, which is
company code specific.
FIGURE 6.3 G/L master general data segment
FIGURE 6.4 G/L master company code segments
n To organize a large number of G/L accounts and their
presentation, you will group together G/L accounts through
account groups. At a minimum, you should have two account
groups: (1) balance sheet accounts and (2) profit and loss (P&L)
accounts.
n A COA broadly consists of balance sheet accounts and P&L
accounts. During year end, these are treated differently. Year-
end balances of the balance sheet accounts will be carried over
to the next year, while year-end balances of the P&L accounts
will be transferred to retain earning accounts.
n A COA also consists of some special accounts: reconciliation
accounts and retain earning accounts.
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234 CHAPTER 6 FICO QUICK TOUR
A reconciliation account is a control account of subsidiary ledgers
n
for accounts payable (AP), accounts receivable (AR), and assets
management (AM). You will maintain at least one reconciliation
account for each category. Subsidiary ledgers are connected to G/Ls
through reconciliation ledgers.
Retain earning accounts are used to carry over the net result of
n
business activities to subsequent years.
n Account groups control various parameters for G/L account
masters. These are: the field status variant and the number
range of the G/L master.
n The field status controls the maintenance and display of G/L
masters. The fields of the G/L master will have one of the
following status indicators: Hide, Display, Required Entry, or
Optional Entry.
n The G/L account master also controls how the business
transaction will be displayed and managed. These are controlled
through the open item management attribute, the line item
display attribute, and account currency.
n Open item management: Open items are treated as incomplete
transactions, which will be offset by another open item(s).
n Line item management: If this attribute is switched on, you
can detail line items while viewing a ledger in the G/L master.
Otherwise, the system will only display the G/L balance.
n By default, all accounts are managed at the company code level
in company code currency; however, you can maintain a G/L
account in a foreign currency. If you are maintaining a G/L
account in a currency other than company code currency, you
can only post a transaction in that currency. With a company
code–managed currency G/L account, you can post in any
currency.
n To meet various legal and management requirements, you
can present your account in different ways. You will often use
more than one COA. At best, you can use three COAs for
a company code: (1) operational COA, (2) group COA, and
(3) country COA.
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6.3 G/L ACCOUNTING 235
FIGURE 6.5 COA
n While posting business transactions, a user selects the
operational COA G/L account. From the operational COA
G/L accounts, information flows to other G/L accounts of
other COAs.
n To present a financial statement, you maintain financial
statement versions with mySAP Financial. You may create
any number of financial statement versions to meet your
requirements.
n To classify and store business transactions, you use document
types. Document types control the number range of accounting
documents and allowed account types. mySAP Financial comes
with standard document types. If these standard document
types do not meet your requirements, you can create your own
through transaction code OBA7.
n Accounting documents contain a document header and line
items. A document header holds information that is applicable
to the entire document, e.g., company code, document types,
posting date, document date, etc.
n In order to distinguish between the various FI documents,
document types are used. Each document is assign to