AC505_EN_Col92_FV_Part_A4 (第12页)

第 455 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Cost Estimate

Figure 191: Planning Form

The top nodein thecosting structure isthe object being planned in the ad hoc

cost estimate.

Theentryscreendefinesthequantitystructurethatiscostedbythecostingmodel

template.

Afterenteringthedataintheentryscreen,usetheConfirmbuttontoactivatethe

templatetocosttheitemsandaddthecostedobjectstothecostingstructure.

Figure 192: Planning Results

427

第 456 页 / 共 537 页

Unit11: EasyCostPlanning AC505

Toviewthedetailitemsthatarecostedandnowavailableinthecostingstructure,

usethe“Show/HideItemView”toaccessthedetailitemdata.

Theitemviewareaisusedtoenter,change,anddisplaythecosteditems.

Youcanoverwritetheprice, cost element, ordescriptionfor anitemwithinthe

item view.

You can add items by appending or inserting rows. Choose an item category

and enter the appropriate data.

Figure 193: Ad hoc Cost Estimate Header Data

Intheadhoccostestimateheader,youcanenteracostingsheetandoverheadkey

to apply overhead to the costing structure.

428

第 457 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Cost Estimate

Figure 194: Execution Services

AsofRelease4.6C,youcanuseExecutionServicestoentercommitmentsand

actualcostsforplanneditemsusingEasyCostPlanning.

The following postings are possible:

• Internalactivityallocation(forinternal activities)

• Direct process allocation (for processes)

• Reservations (for material items)

• Goods issues (for material items)

• Purchase requisitions (for material items, external activity items, service

items, and variable items)

• Purchaseorders(formaterialitems, external activityitems, serviceitems,

and variable items)

To beable to trigger execution servicein an ad hoc cost estimate, you need to

assign an account assignment object such as a WBS element, cost center, or

internal order.

429

第 458 页 / 共 537 页

Unit11: EasyCostPlanning AC505

Figure 195: Customizing Execution Services

The assignment category of the document is proposed in the settings for the

ExecutionServicesPurchaseorderandPurchaserequisition.

InthesettingsforReservation/goodsissue,amovementtypeisproposed,butthere

is no assignment category. The movement type, however, definesthe account

assignment.

ThepathintheIMGtomaintaintheExecutionServicesis:

SAPReferenceIMGProjectSystem→Costs→PlanCosts→EasyCostPlanning

andExecutionServices→ExecutionServices→DefineSettingsforExecution

Services

430

第 459 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Cost Estimate

Exercise 18: Create an Ad Hoc Cost

Estimate Using a Costing Model

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Createcharacteristicsthatcanbeusedineasycostplanning

• Createacostingmodelthatcanbeusedineasycostplanning

• Buildatemplateusingthevariouscharacteristicscreatedtouseinquantity,

activation, and price formulas

• Createanhoccostestimateforaproducttoincludeoverhead

Business Example

Customers often require you to install the pumps you sell. You want to use a

consistentcostestimatingmodel. Youneedtoensurethatalltheformulasusedin

thecostmodelarecorrect. Youalsowantto apply overheadto theadhoccost

estimate for pump installation.

Task:

Createanadhoccostestimatetoinstall10T-F1##pumps.

1. Install T-F1## pumps

At the bottom of the Create with planning form tabbed page, enter the

costing model Group##.

Select the Addnl Data tab.

Enter the following data:

Company code 1000

Profit Center 1000

Plant 1000

ClicktheDefaultValuesbuttontoacceptthedates. Re-enterthecompany

code, profit center, and plant, if required.

2. What does the planning screen display?

3. Enterthefollowingcharacteristicvaluestotestthecostingmodel.

Number of pumps to install: 10

Type of pump connection: ACME

Distance to customer site: 300 KM

Continued on next page

431

第 460 页 / 共 537 页

Unit11: EasyCostPlanning AC505

Hotel cost per night: 139.00 EUR

Airfare to customer site: 700.00 EUR

Costof shipping toolstocustomer: 500.00EUR

Van rental per day: 90.00 EUR

4. Whyisthecostforairfareandvanrentalnotincludedinthecostingstructure?

5. Whichmaterialsarecostedforthepumpinstallationandwhy?

6. Changethevalueofthedistancetothecustomersitetoavaluegreaterthen

500. What arethechangesinthecost estimate?

7. Whathappenstothecostestimateifyouchangethenumberofpumpsto1?

8. WhatisthevaluationstrategyassignedtothecostingvariantPADH?

9. Howcanyouaddoverheadtothisadhoccostestimate?

10. Whichadditionalcostsareaddedtothecostestimate?

432

第 461 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Cost Estimate

Solution 18: Create an Ad Hoc Cost

Estimate Using a Costing Model

Task:

Createanadhoccostestimatetoinstall10T-F1##pumps.

1. Install T-F1## pumps

At the bottom of the Create with planning form tabbed page, enter the

costing model Group##.

Select the Addnl Data tab.

Enter the following data:

Company code 1000

Profit Center 1000

Plant 1000

ClicktheDefaultValuesbuttontoacceptthedates. Re-enterthecompany

code, profit center, and plant, if required.

a) Accounting→Controlling→ProductCostControlling→Product

CostPlanning→EasyCostPlanning&ExecutionServices→Edit

AdHocCostEstimate(transactioncodeCKECP)

Double-clickthetransactiontoexecutetheadhoccostestimate.

Enter adescription. Install T-F1##pumps.

AtthebottomoftheCreatewithplanningformtabbedpage,enterthe

costing model Group##.

Select the Addnl Data tab.

Enter the following data:

Company code 1000

Profit Center 1000

Plant 1000

Click the Default Values button to accept the dates. Re-enter the

companycode,profitcenter,andplant,ifnecessary.

Clickthecreatebuttonorchooseentertoinvokethecostingmodel.

Continued on next page

433

第 462 页 / 共 537 页

Unit11: EasyCostPlanning AC505

2. What does the planning screen display?

a) TheCharacteristic descriptionsforthe assigned characteristics

from thecosting model aredisplayed for input or selection of a

value.

3. Enterthefollowingcharacteristicvaluestotestthecostingmodel.

Number of pumps to install: 10

Type of pump connection: ACME

Distance to customer site: 300 KM

Hotel cost per night: 139.00 EUR

Airfare to customer site: 700.00 EUR

Costof shipping toolstocustomer: 500.00EUR

Van rental per day: 90.00 EUR

a) Choose “Confirm”.

4. Whyisthecostforairfareandvanrentalnotincludedinthecostingstructure?

a) Click the “Show/hide item view” icon.

Thecharacteristicsforairfare,shipmentoftools,andvanrentaluse

anactivationformula,whichrequiresthedistancetothecustomer

tobegreaterthan500KM.Notethatmileageexpensesareincluded

forthedistanceyouenteredattherateof.31EURperKM.

5. Whichmaterialsarecostedforthepumpinstallationandwhy?

a) Materials100-250 and100-251are costed.

These materials meet the activation formula where the

characteristicConnectionisavalueofACME.

6. Changethevalueofthedistancetothecustomersitetoavaluegreaterthen

500. What arethechangesinthecost estimate?

a) Enteravalueforthedistancetothecustomersitethatisgreaterthan

500.

ClicktheConfirmicon(youmayneedtodragtheitemviewdown

to see this icon).

ValuesforAirfare,shipmentoftools,andvanrentalarenowadded

tothecostestimateandmileageexpensesareremoved.

Continued on next page

434

第 463 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Cost Estimate

7. Whathappenstothecostestimateifyouchangethenumberofpumpsto1?

a) Changethenumberofpumpsto1andclicktheConfirmicon.

Thematerialsquantityisadjustedbasedonthequantitiesrequired

per pump.

The labor is adjusted to 4.5 hours.

Thetravelperdiemandvanrentalisadjustedto1daybasedon

thequantityformulatorounduptothenexthighestwholenumber.

Theairfareandshipmentcostremainunchanged.

8. WhatisthevaluationstrategyassignedtothecostingvariantPADH?

a) IMG → Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Ad Hoc Cost

Estimate → Define Costing Variant

Valuationstrategy12isassignedforbaseplanningobject.

9. Howcanyouaddoverheadtothisadhoccostestimate?

a) Choose“DisplayCost EstimateHeader”.

In the header screen, enter costing sheet COGS and Overhead

key SAP10.

Select Continue.

10. Whichadditionalcostsareaddedtothecostestimate?

a) Raw material overhead

Administrative overhead

Sales and Distribution overhead

435

第 464 页 / 共 537 页

Unit11: EasyCostPlanning AC505

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Createanadhoccostestimateusinganeasycostplanningtemplate

• Useexecutionservicestoentercommitmentsandactualcosts

436

第 465 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Unit Summary

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describetheapplicationoptionsofeasycostplanning

• Createacostingmodel todefineaplanningscreen

• Createcharacteristicsfor easy cost planning

• Create a costing template for a costing model

• Createandapplyformulasinthecostingtemplate

• Createanadhoccostestimateusinganeasycostplanningtemplate

• Useexecutionservicestoentercommitmentsandactualcosts

437

第 466 页 / 共 537 页

UnitSummary AC505

438

第 467 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

1. Thecostingmodeldeterminesthestructureoftheentryscreenaccordingto

the collectiverequirementsof planningforms.

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

2. To ensure that values are chosen from the list of permitted characteristic

values,donotsetthe indicator.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

3. Whichentriescanyoumakeinthetemplatetable?

4. What isthe function of activation formula?

5. Howdo you create or edit acosting model?

6. Youneedtoassignan

tobeabletotriggerexecutionservicesinanadhoccostestimate.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

7. Whichdataappearsforinputorselectionontheplanningscreen?

439

第 468 页 / 共 537 页

TestYourKnowledge AC505

Answers

1. Thecostingmodeldeterminesthestructureoftheentryscreenaccordingto

thecollectiverequirementsof planningforms.

Answer: False

Thecostingmodeldeterminesthestructureoftheentryscreenaccordingto

theindividualrequirementsfor eachplanningform.

2. To ensure that valuesare chosen from the list of permitted characteristic

values, donot settheadditionalvaluesindicator.

Answer: additional values

3. Whichentriescanyoumakeinthetemplatetable?

Answer: Youcanmakethefollowingentriesinthetemplatetable:

• Item category

• Object, such as a material

• Quantity

• Activation rules

• Prices

4. What isthe function of activation formula?

Answer: The activation formula specifies the condition under which an

item is active.

5. Howdo you createor edit a costing model?

Answer: Youcancreateoreditacostingmodelinthedefinitionareaofthe

Easy cost planning screen.

6. You need to assign an account assignment object to be able to trigger

executionservices inanadhoccost estimate.

Answer: account assignment object

7. Whichdataappearsforinputorselectionontheplanningscreen?

Answer: Thecharacteristicdescriptionsfortheassignedcharacteristicsfrom

thecostingmodelaredisplayedforinputorselectionontheplanningscreen.

440

第 469 页 / 共 537 页

第 470 页 / 共 537 页

第 471 页 / 共 537 页

Unit 12

Case Study

Unit Overview

After completingthecourse, thiscasestudywillenableyoutocreateacosting

variant and a costing type. You will also be able to create a valuation variant

and an overhead costing sheet. You will learn to maintain the assignment of a

templatetoacostestimateandtomaintainthecontrollingdatarequiredtoobtain

anaccuratecostestimate. Youwillalsolearntomaintainthelogisticmasterdata

required to obtain an accurate cost estimate.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Create a costing variant

• Create a costing type

• Create a valuation variant

• Create an overhead costing sheet

• Maintaintheassignmentofatemplatetoacostestimate

• Maintainthecontrollingdatarequiredtoobtainanaccuratecostestimate

• Maintainthelogisticmasterdatarequiredtoobtainanaccuratecostestimate

Unit Contents

Lesson: Case Study............................................................442

Exercise 19: Main Business Scenario ..................................445

Exercise 20: Create Costing Variant ....................................449

Exercise 21: Costing Sheet ..............................................455

Exercise 22: Business Process Template ..............................463

Exercise 23: Cost Estimate ...............................................465

441

第 472 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

Lesson: Case Study

Lesson Overview

After completingthecourse, thiscasestudywill enableyoutocreateacosting

variant and a costing type. You will also be able to create a valuation variant

andan overhead costing sheet. You will learn to maintain the assignment of a

templatetoacostestimateandtomaintainthecontrollingdatarequiredtoobtain

anaccuratecostestimate. Youwillalsolearntomaintainthelogisticmasterdata

required to obtain an accurate cost estimate.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Create a costing variant

• Create a costing type

• Create a valuation variant

• Create an overhead costing sheet

• Maintaintheassignmentofatemplatetoacostestimate

• Maintainthecontrollingdatarequiredtoobtainanaccuratecostestimate

• Maintainthelogisticmasterdatarequiredtoobtainanaccuratecostestimate

Business Example

ReadthebusinessscenariogivenunderthefolioCaseStudy: BusinessScenario.

Case Study

• Atthecompletionof thisunit, youwillbeableto:

– Create a costing variant

– Create a costing type

– Create a valuation variant

– Maintaintheassignmentofatemplatetoacostestimate

– Maintain the controlling data required to obtain an accurate cost

estimate

– Maintainthelogisticmasterdatarequiredto obtainanaccuratecost

estimate

442

第 473 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

443

第 474 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

Figure 196: Course Overview Diagram

• You have been commissioned to perform an analysis of the costs of

manufacturing T-F1## and T-B1## and to present your findings to

management.

• EngineeringhasupdatedtheexistingBOMsandroutingsforthematerials.

Purchasing has also been proactive in reviewing the BOMs and the

procurementcostsformaterialsT-F1##andT-B1##.

• Youwillneedtocreateindividualcostestimatesoracostingruntocreate

cost estimates for producing T-F1## and T-B1## internally. You also

determinethatyouneedtocreateacostingvarianttoenableyoutocreatea

cost estimate for this analysis.

Hint: Please follow the casestudy requirements and solutionsfor the

configuration requirements.

• Read the business scenario presented.

• Maintain the customizing parameters for costing variant, costing type,

valuationvariant,costingsheet,andtemplateassignmentasdefinedinthe

business scenario.

• Review the logistics master data to include the material master, BOM,

routing, andworkcenters. Correctanyknownerrors.

• Createcostestimates. Reviewtheerrorlogstodeterminewhatmasterdata

objects need to be corrected.

• Repeat the cost estimate process and error correction until your cost

estimates are error-free.

• Business Scenario

• Recommended Procedure

• Case Study

Note: This is an optional unit.

444

第 475 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Exercise 19: Main Business Scenario

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Evaluatethebusinessscenariofor thecasestudy

• Determinetheconfigurationtasksrequiredtocompletethecasestudy

Business Example

Earlier, your companyproducedmaterialsT-F1## andT-B1##internally. You

havebeenpurchasingthesematerialsoverthepastyeartoavailthecostsavings

offered by the vendor. These materials are either retained as spare parts or

eventually used in the manufacturing process of another product. For greater

controloverthequalityofproductsandtotakeadvantageofimprovementsinthe

manufacturing process, management considers manufacturing these materials

internally. Your task is to perform an analysis of the manufacturing costs for

T-F1##andT-B1##. Theresultsoftheanalysisandyourrecommendationswill

beimplementedonthefirstdayofthefollowingmonth. Youwillneedtoconsider

indirectcosts,butforthisanalysisignorethecostsofidlecapacityorunabsorbed

overheadasaresultofnotproducingthematerialsin-house.

EngineeringupdatedexistingBOMsandroutingsforthematerials. Purchasing

reviewed the BOMs of materials T-F1## and T-B1## and where possible,

negotiated lower rates for purchased items. Purchasing created a purchasing

informationrecordor updatedthePlannedPrice2fieldonthesematerialswith

new rates, where applicable.

Youwillneedtocreateindividualcostestimatesoracostingruntocreatecost

estimatesforproducingT-F1##andT-B1##internally. Youalsodeterminethat

youneedtocreateacostingvarianttoenableyoutocreateacostestimateforthis

analysis. YouhavebeentoldtoupdatethePlannedPrice3fieldonthematerials

T-F1## and T-B1## to store these values for future analysis. You have been

instructedthatanycomponentmaterialsincludedinT-F1##andT-B1##shouldbe

burdenedwith3%overheadwithanadditional 6%overheadshouldbeapplied

to the manufacturing expenses associated with assembling the materials. You

willneedtocreateacostingsheetforthispurpose. Thisanalysisfactorsinonly

with the Cost of GoodsManufactured and not theCostsof Goods Sold. Also,

youneedtoincludeproductionadministrativeoverheadcostsformanufacturing

T-F1##andT-B1##,becausethesecostsarenotincludedintheroutingandthe

6%manufacturingoverheadappliedbythecostingsheet. Yourcostaccountants

setupabusinessprocesstemplateCOPC-10forthispurpose. Youneedtoensure

thatthecostestimateincludesthese processcosts.

In the process of completing the Case Study, you may find a few errors or

omissionsinthelogisticsmasterdataforthematerialsyoucost. Usethecosting

analysis and error logs to help determine the changes that need to be made to

445

第 476 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

performaccurateerror-freecosting. Youwillneedtocorrecttheseerrorsbefore

youcanreceiveanerror-freecostestimate. Youmayfindthatyouhavetoedit

master data to eliminate errors.

Task:

1. Listtheconfigurationtasksyouneedtocompletebeforecreatingthenew

cost estimates.

446

第 477 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Solution 19: Main Business Scenario

Task:

1. Listtheconfigurationtasksyouneedtocompletebeforecreatingthenew

cost estimates.

• Createacostingtypethatenablestheupdateoftheplannedprice

3fieldwith theresult of thecostestimate.

• Createavaluationvariantthatincludesthepurchasinginforecord

andtheplannedprice2fieldinthesearchforamaterialprice.

• Createadatecontrolkeythatenablesthecostestimatetobevalid.

• Createacostingtypethatenablestheupdateoftheplannedprice

3fieldwith theresult of thecostestimate.

• Createanoverheadcostingsheetthatincludesa3%overheadfor

materialcostsanda6%overheadformanufacturing. Assignthis

overheadcostingsheettothevaluationvariant.

• Assign the template COPC-10 to the costing environment for

materials T-F1## and T-B1##.

447

第 478 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

448

第 479 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Exercise 20: Create Costing Variant

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Createa Costing Variant andits Components

Business Example

Youwillcreateacostingvariantanditscomponentstocreateacostestimatefor

youranalysis. Youwanttosaveyourdataincludingtheitemizationandthelog.

YoualsowanttoupdatethePlannedPrice3fieldonthematerialmaster.

Task:

CreateacostingvariantbyfirstcreatingthecomponentsCostingType,Valuation

Variant, Date Control, and Quantity Structure Control. You determined that

you will not be using Transfer Control or Reference Variants. Assign these

components to your Costing Variant.

1. CreateaCostingTypeC#(where#standsfortheletterofthealphabetthat

correspondstothegroupnumber, forexample, Group10=CJandGroup

12 = CI) with the description Group ## Costing Type. You will use the

sameparametersusedfor thestandardcostestimates, butyouwillenable

update of the Planned Price 3 field insteadof the Standard Price field on

the material master.

2. Create a Valuation Variant V## with the description Group ## Valuation

Variant. Usethesamestrategythatwasusedinthestandardcostestimates,

excludingmaterialvaluation. Tolocatethepriceinformationprovidedby

purchasing, read the info record for priority 1, the planned price 2 field

as priority 2, the standard price for priority 3, and the moving average

price for priority 4.

3. CreateaDateControlD##withthedescriptionGroup##DateControl. The

resultsofthecost estimateshouldbevalid from thefirstofthefollowing

month. Ensurethatthecostestimatedoesnotexpire. Thequantitystructure

and valuation date should correspond with the effective date of the cost

estimate.

4. CreateaQuantityStructureControlsQ##withthedescriptionGroup##Qty

Structure. Youwanttousethesameparametersyouusedforthestandard

cost estimates.

5. CreateCostingVariantCV##withthedescriptionGroup##CostingVariant.

Mostoftheheaderdataforthecostingvariantwillbesimilartothatusedfor

the standard cost estimates.

Continued on next page

449

第 480 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

6. Assign the Costing Variant Components C#, V##, D##, and Q## to the

Costing Variant CV##.

450

第 481 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Solution 20: Create Costing Variant

Task:

CreateacostingvariantbyfirstcreatingthecomponentsCostingType,Valuation

Variant, Date Control, and Quantity Structure Control. You determined that

you will not be using Transfer Control or Reference Variants. Assign these

components to your Costing Variant.

1. CreateaCostingTypeC#(where#standsfortheletterofthealphabetthat

correspondstothegroupnumber, forexample, Group10=CJandGroup

12 = CI) with the description Group ## Costing Type. You will use the

sameparametersusedfor thestandardcostestimates, butyouwillenable

update of the Planned Price 3 field insteadof the Standard Price field on

the material master.

a) FirstverifythesettingsusedfortheStandardCostEstimates.

IMG→Controlling→Product Cost Controlling →Product Cost

Planning → Material Cost Estimate with Quantity Structure →

Define Costing Variant

SelecttheRowforCosting Variant PPC1.

Choose Details.

Click the Costing Type button.

VerifythatCostingType01StandardCostest. (mat)isassigned.

VerifythatthefirstUpdatetabindicatesStandardPrice.

Click Back once.

Also verify that the following components are assigned to the

Costing Variant:

Click the Valuation Variant button and verify that Valuation

Variant 001 Planned valuation - mat. is assigned to theCosting

Variant.

Click Back once.

ClicktheDateControlbuttonandverifythatDateControlPC01

Std cost est.-month is assigned.

Click Back once.

Click the Quantity Structure button and verify that Quantity

StructureControlPC01Stdqtystruct. determ.2isassignedtothe

Costing Variant.

Return to the IMG screen.

Continued on next page

451

第 482 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

IMG→Controlling→Product Cost Controlling →ProductCost

Planning → Material Cost Estimate with Quantity Structure →

CostingVariantComponents→DefineCostingTypes

The system does not permit you to copy a costing type with the

Update for Standard Price. You need to create the costing type

without referencetoCosting Type 01.

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter C# (where # stands for the letter of the alphabet that

correspondstothegroupnumber,forexample,Group10=CJand

Group 03 = CC).

EnterGroup##CostingTypeintheDescriptionfield.

Make the following settings:

• PriceUpdateMaterialMaster: PricesOtherthanStandard

• ValuationView: LegalValuation Update

• CostEstimatewithQuantityStructure: WithStartofPeriod

• AdditiveCostEstimates: WithStartofPeriod

• Cost Portion for Overhead Calculation: Cost of Goods

Manufactured

Click Save.

ReturntotheIMGscreenandremainthereforthenextexercise.

2. Create a Valuation Variant V## withthe description Group ## Valuation

Variant. Usethesamestrategythatwasusedinthestandardcostestimates,

excludingmaterialvaluation. Tolocatethepriceinformationprovidedby

Continued on next page

452

第 483 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

purchasing, read the info record for priority 1, the planned price 2 field

as priority 2, the standard price for priority 3, and the moving average

price for priority 4.

a) Choose Define Valuation Variants.

SelecttherowwithValuationvariant001Plannedvaluation-mat.

Click theCopy as icon in thetoolbar.

EnterV##andtheDescriptionGroup##ValuationVariant

Choose Enter.

Choose V##.

Choose Details.

Changepriority2formaterialvaluationtoPlannedPrice2.

Choose Save.

ReturntotheIMGscreenandremainthereforthenextexercise.

3. CreateaDateControlD##withthedescriptionGroup##DateControl. The

resultsofthecost estimateshouldbevalid from thefirstofthefollowing

month. Ensurethatthecostestimatedoesnotexpire. Thequantitystructure

and valuation date should correspond with the effective date of the cost

estimate.

a) Choose Define Date Control.

SelecttherowwithDateControlPC01Stdcostest. -month.

Click theCopy as icon in thetoolbar.

EnterD##andtheDescriptionGroup##DateControl

Choose Enter.

Choose Save.

ReturntotheIMGscreenandremainthereforthenextexercise.

Continued on next page

453

第 484 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

4. CreateaQuantityStructureControlsQ##withthedescriptionGroup##Qty

Structure. Youwanttousethesameparametersyouusedforthestandard

cost estimates.

a) ChooseDefineQuantityStructureControl.

SelecttherowwithQuantityStructureControlPC01Stdqtystruct.

determ.2

Click the Copy as icon in the toolbar.

EnterQ##andtheDescriptionGroup##QtyStructure.

Choose Enter.

Choose Save.

ReturntotheIMGscreenandremainthereforthenextexercise.

5. CreateCostingVariantCV##withthedescriptionGroup##CostingVariant.

Mostoftheheaderdataforthecostingvariantwillbesimilartothatusedfor

the standard cost estimates.

a) Choose Define Costing Variants.

Selecttherowwith CostingVariant PPC1.

Click the Copy as icon in the toolbar.

EnterCV##andtheDescriptionGroup##CostingVariant

Choose Enter.

Donotsave. Continuewith thenext step.

6. Assign the Costing Variant Components C#, V##, D##, and Q## to the

Costing Variant CV##.

a) SelectTherowwithCostingVariantCV##.

Click the Detail icon in the toolbar.

Click the Available Entries icon and enter Costing type C#,

ValuationVariantV##,DateControlD##,andQuantityStructure

Control Q##.

Choose Enter.

ChooseCheck. Iftherearenoerrors,clickSave.

Return to the IMG screen.

454

第 485 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Exercise 21: Costing Sheet

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• SetupCostingSheetandassignittoacostingvariant

Business Example

You will apply overhead to a cost estimate. These overhead costs are for the

indirectcostsassociatedwiththecostestimate,whichincludewarehouseexpenses

andmanufacturingexpenses. Todothis,youneedtosetupanoverheadstructure

and assign it to the costing variant.

Task:

Createanoverheadstructuresothat youcanaddoverheadtothecostestimate.

This will be3% of material costsand6% for manufacturing costs. Assign the

structure to the costing variant.

1. Create a base (BM##) for the material overhead calculation. Name the

base: Group##Mat. Base. Definethebaseforcontrollingarea1000and

cost element interval 400000 to 410000. Save the base. Create another

base(BP##)withthedescriptionGroup##PrdBaseforthemanufacturing

overheadcalculation. UsethesameassumptionsasinBM##,butusecost

elements619000, 620000, 623000, and625000.

2. Createapercentageplannedoverhead(OM##)fortheoverheadcalculation.

NametheoverheadGroup##OHrateandusedependencyD000(overhead

type). The 3% rate should be valid for plan overhead calculations in

controlling area 1000 for the current fiscal year. Save the overhead rate.

Createanotherpercentageplannedoverhead(OP##)forthemanufacturing

overhead calculation with the same assumptions as OM##, but use 6%.

NamethispercentageoverheadGroup##PrdOHrate.

3. Create a credit key (M##) for theoverhead calculation. Namethe credit

keyGroup##Mat OHCredit. Definethecredit keyfor controllingarea

1000. Thedataisvaliduntiltheendofthecurrentfiscalyear. Theoverhead

rateconsistsof100%fixedcosts. Thecostelementusedfortheoverhead

posting is 655100. Overhead rate- miscellaneousmaterial andthecredit

object is the Warehouse cost center (4130). Save the credit key. Create

another credit key(P##)forthemanufacturing overheadcalculationwith

thesameassumptionsasM##,butusethecostelement655100. Namethe

credit key Group## Prd OH Credit.

Continued on next page

455

第 486 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

4. Createa costingsheet (OHD##) to definetheoverheadcalculation. Call

thesheetGroup##OHCostingsheet. Inthefirstrow(row10),thebase

(BM##) you used in exercise 1-1-1 should be assigned. In the second

row(row20), theoverhead ratekey (OM##) that wascreated inexercise

1-1-2 and the credit key (M##) that was created in exercise 1-1-3 should

beassigned. Notethatthesecond rowshouldreferto thefirstrow. Also,

check for errors. Save the costing sheet. Create rows 30 and 40 for the

manufacturing overhead calculation.

5. AssignyourcostingsheetOHD##toyourCostingVariantCV##forfinished

and semifinished materials. Do not assign a costing sheet for material

components.

456

第 487 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Solution 21: Costing Sheet

Task:

Createanoverheadstructuresothat youcanaddoverheadtothecostestimate.

This will be3% of material costsand6% for manufacturing costs. Assign the

structure to the costing variant.

1. Create a base (BM##) for the material overhead calculation. Name the

base: Group##Mat. Base. Definethebaseforcontrollingarea1000and

cost element interval 400000 to 410000. Save the base. Create another

base(BP##)withthedescriptionGroup##PrdBaseforthemanufacturing

overheadcalculation. UsethesameassumptionsasinBM##,butusecost

elements619000, 620000, 623000, and625000.

a) IMG→Controlling→ProductCostControlling→ProductCost

Planning → Basic Settings for Material Costing→ Overhead →

CostingSheet: Components→DefineCalculationBases

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter BM## in the Base column.

EnterGroup##MatBaseintheDescriptioncolumn.

Choose Enter.

Choose the BM## row.

Choose Details.

IntheControllingareadialogbox,enter1000intheControlling

area field and choose Enter.

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter400000intheFrom-costelementcolumn.

Enter410000intheTo-cost element column.

Choose Save.

Goback totheCalculation BaseOverview.

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter BP## in the Base column.

EnterGroup##PrdBaseintheDescriptioncolumn.

Choose Enter.

Choose the BP## row.

Choose Details.

Continued on next page

457

第 488 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

IntheControllingareadialogbox,enter1000intheControlling

area field and choose Enter.

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter619000intheFrom-costelementcolumn.

Inthenextline,enter620000intheFrom-costelementcolumnand

repeatforcost elements623000and625000.

Choose Save.

ReturntotheIMGscreenforthenextexercise.

2. Createapercentageplannedoverhead(OM##)fortheoverheadcalculation.

NametheoverheadGroup##OHrateandusedependencyD000(overhead

type). The 3% rate should be valid for plan overhead calculations in

controlling area1000 for the current fiscal year. Save the overhead rate.

Createanotherpercentageplannedoverhead(OP##)forthemanufacturing

overhead calculation with the same assumptions as OM##, but use 6%.

NamethispercentageoverheadGroup##PrdOHrate.

a) ChooseDefinePercentageOverheadRates.

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter OM## in the overhead column.

EnterGroup##MatOHrateintheDescriptioncolumn.

Choose dependency D000.

Choose Enter.

Choose the OM## row.

Choose Details.

Choose Edit → New entries.

EnterthestartofthecurrentfiscalyearintheValidfromfield.

EntertheendofthecurrentfiscalyearintheTofield.

Enter1000 in theControllingareafield.

Enter 2 in the Ovrhd type field.

Enter 3 in the Percent field.

Choose Save.

ReturntotheNewEntries: Overviewscreen.

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter OP## in the overhead column.

Continued on next page

458

第 489 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

EnterGroup##PrdOHrateintheDescriptioncolumn.

Choose dependency D000.

Choose Enter.

Choose the OP## row.

Choose Details.

Choose Edit → New entries.

EnterthestartofthecurrentfiscalyearintheValidfromfield.

EntertheendofthecurrentfiscalyearintheTofield.

Enter 1000in theControllingareafield.

Enter 2 in the Ovrhd type field.

Enter 6 in the Percent field.

Choose Save.

ReturntotheIMGscreenforthenextexercise.

3. Create a credit key (M##) for theoverhead calculation. Namethe credit

keyGroup##Mat OHCredit. Definethecredit keyfor controllingarea

1000. Thedataisvaliduntiltheendofthecurrentfiscalyear. Theoverhead

rateconsistsof100%fixedcosts. Thecostelementusedfortheoverhead

posting is 655100. Overhead rate- miscellaneousmaterial andthecredit

object is the Warehouse cost center (4130). Save the credit key. Create

another credit key(P##)forthemanufacturing overheadcalculationwith

thesameassumptionsasM##,butusethecostelement655100. Namethe

credit key Group## Prd OH Credit.

a) Choose Define credits.

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter M## in the Credit column.

EnterGroup##MatOHCreditintheDescriptioncolumn.

Choose Enter.

Choose the M## row.

Choose Detail.

IntheSetcontrollingareadialogbox,enter1000intheControlling

area field and choose Enter.

Choose Edit → New entries.

EntertheendofthecurrentfiscalyearintheValidtocolumn.

Continued on next page

459

第 490 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

Enter655100 intheCost element column.

Enter 100 in the % Fixed column.

Enter 4130 in theCost centercolumn.

Choose Save.

Return to the IMG screen.

Choose Define credits.

Choose Edit → New entries.

Enter P## in the Credit column.

EnterGroup##PrdOHCreditintheDescriptioncolumn.

Choose Enter.

Choose the P## row.

Choose Detail.

IntheSetcontrollingareadialogbox,enter1000intheControlling

area field and choose Enter.

Choose Edit → New entries.

EntertheendofthecurrentfiscalyearintheValidtocolumn.

Enter 655100 intheCost element column.

Enter 100 in the % Fixed column.

Enter 4130 in theCost centercolumn.

Choose Save.

ReturntotheIMGscreenforthenextexercise.

4. Createa costingsheet (OHD##) to definetheoverheadcalculation. Call

thesheetGroup##OHCostingsheet. Inthefirstrow(row10),thebase

(BM##) you used in exercise 1-1-1 should be assigned. In the second

row(row20), theoverhead ratekey (OM##) that wascreated inexercise

1-1-2 and the credit key (M##) that was created in exercise 1-1-3 should

beassigned. Notethatthesecond rowshouldreferto thefirstrow. Also,

check for errors. Save the costing sheet. Create rows 30 and 40 for the

manufacturing overhead calculation.

a) Choose Define costing sheets.

Choose Edit → New entries.

EnterOHD##in theCostingsheetcolumn.

EnterGroup##OHCostingsheetintheDescriptioncolumn.

Continued on next page

460

第 491 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Choose Enter.

Choose the OHD## row.

Choose Costing sheet rows.

Choose Edit → New entries.

In the first row, enter the following:

10 in the Row column

BM## in the Base column.

In thesecond row, enter thefollowing:

20 in the Row column

Enter OM## in the Overhead column.

Enter 10 in the From column.

Enter 10 in the To column.

Enter M## in the Credit column.

Choose Save.

Move one screen backwards.

Choose Edit → New entries.

In the third row, enter thefollowing:

30 in the Row column

BP## in the Base column.

In the fourth row, enter the following:

40 in the Row column

Enter OP## in the Overhead column.

Enter 30 in the From column.

Enter 30 in the To column.

Enter P## in the Credit column.

Choose Enter.

Move one screen backwards.

ChooseCheck. Ifyoudonotfindanyerrors,chooseSave.

Return to the IMG Screen.

Continued on next page

461

第 492 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

5. AssignyourcostingsheetOHD##toyourCostingVariantCV##forfinished

and semifinished materials. Do not assign a costing sheet for material

components.

a) IMG→Controlling→Product Cost Controlling →ProductCost

Planning → Material Cost Estimate with Quantity Structure →

Define Costing Variants

SelectCosting Variant CV##fromthelist.

Choose Details

Select the Valuation Variant

Select the Overhead tab

Enter Costing Sheet OHD## for both Finished & Semi-finished

materials. DeletethecostingsheetentryforMaterialComponents.

Choose Save.

462

第 493 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Exercise 22: Business Process Template

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• AssigntheBusinessProcessTemplatetotheCostEstimate

Business Example

YouneedtoincludesetupcostsformanufacturingT-F1##andT-B1##,because

thesecostsarenotincludedintheroutingandinthe6%manufacturingoverhead

applied by the costing sheet. Your cost accountants set up a business process

templateCOPC-10forthispurpose. Toensurethatthecostestimatecapturesthese

costs, youneedtoassignthebusinessprocesstemplate.

Task:

Assign thetemplateCOPC-10tothecost estimate.

1. Inthecostingviewof thematerialmasterrecord, determinetheoverhead

group assigned to the material.

2. IntheIMG,determinetheoverheadkeyassignedtotheoverheadgroupin

plant 1000.

3. AssignBusinessprocesstemplateCOPC-10tothecostestimate.

463

第 494 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

Solution 22: Business Process Template

Task:

AssignthetemplateCOPC-10tothecostestimate.

1. Inthecostingviewof thematerialmasterrecord, determinetheoverhead

group assigned to the material.

a) Logistics→Materialsmanagement→Materialmaster→Material

→ Display →Display current (MM03)

Enter material T-F1## or T-B1##

Select Costing 1 view

Enter plant 1000

Verify Overhead Group SAP10

2. IntheIMG,determinetheoverheadkeyassignedtotheoverheadgroupin

plant 1000.

a) SAPReferenceIMG→Controlling→ProductCostControlling→

Product Cost Planning → Basic Settings for Material Costing →

Overhead → Define Overhead Groups

Overhead key: SAP10

3. AssignBusinessprocesstemplateCOPC-10tothecostestimate.

a) SAPReferenceIMG→Controlling→ProductCostControlling→

Product Cost Planning → Basic Settings for Material Costing →

Templates → Assign Templates

Choose Edit → New Entries

Enter the following:

Controlling Area: 1000

CostSheet: OHD##

OH Key: SAP10

Environment: 001

Template: COPC-10

Choose Save

464

第 495 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Exercise 23: Cost Estimate

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• CreateacostestimateforT-F1##andT-B##usingthecostingvariant

• Correctthelogisticalmasterdataerrorsforthecostestimate

• Update the results of the cost estimate to the planned price 3 field in the

material master

Business Example

Using the costing variant C##, create accurate cost estimates for T-F1## and

T-B1##. Ensurethatthecostestimatesareerror-freeandincludealltherouting

operationsandBOMcomponents. Updatetheresultstotheplannedprice3field

in the material master.

Task 1:

1. Create the cost estimates using costing variant CV##. Ensure that all

operationsandBOMcomponentsareincludedinthecostestimate. Correct

the master data as required.

Task 2:

1. Afterdeterminingthatthecostestimateisaccurateandcomplete,updatethe

plannedprice3fieldwiththeresultsforT-F1##andT-B1##.

Continued on next page

465

第 496 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

Figure 197: Cost Estimate

466

第 497 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Solution 23: Cost Estimate

Task 1:

1. Create the cost estimates using costing variant CV##. Ensure that all

operationsandBOMcomponentsareincludedinthecostestimate. Correct

the master data as required.

a) Create the Cost Estimate

Accounting→Controlling→ProductCostControlling→Product

CostPlanning→MaterialCosting→CostEstimatewithQuantity

Structure → Create (CK11N)

b) Edit Material Master

Logistics → Production → Master Data → Material Master →

Material→Change→Immediately(MM02)

Enter the relevant material number.

Choose Select Views and Select the views of interest, either

accounting or costing.

Choose Enter

Enter Plant 1000

Choose Enter

Makechangesasnecessaryandchoose Save

Edit Routing

Logistics→Production→MasterData→Routings→Routings→

Standard Routings →Change (CA02)

Enter the relevant material number

Enter Plant 1000

Choose Header from the toolbar

Check the usage and status

Choose Operations from the toolbar

Check the relevancy tocostingindicator

Edit Bill of Material

Logistics→Production→MasterData→BillsofMaterial→Billof

Material→MaterialBOM→Change(CS02)

Enter the relevant material number

Continued on next page

467

第 498 页 / 共 537 页

Unit12: CaseStudy AC505

Enter Plant 1000

Enter Usage 1

Choose Header from the toolbar

Check the usage and status

Choose ItemOverview fromthe toolbar

Checkthe relevancy tocostingindicator

Edit Work Center

Logistics→Production→MasterData→WorkCenters →Work

Center → Change (CR02)

Enter Plant 1000

Enter the relevant Work Center

Choose Enter

Verifytheassignedcostcenter,activitytypesandformulas

Task 2:

1. Afterdeterminingthatthecostestimateisaccurateandcomplete,updatethe

plannedprice3fieldwiththeresultsforT-F1##andT-B1##.

Continued on next page

468

第 499 页 / 共 537 页

AC505 Lesson: Case Study

Figure 198: Cost Estimate

a) Menu→Accounting→Controlling→ProductCostControlling→

ProductCostPlanning→MaterialCosting→PriceUpdate(CK24)

Select Other prices

Make the following entries:

Company code:1000

Plant:1000

Material:T-F1##

Costing Variant:CV##

Costing Date:1st of next month

Costing Version01

Select Planned Price 3

Validity date 1st of next month

Cost Component View: COGM

DeselecttheTestrunindicatorandchooseExecute.

469