第 168 页 / 共 203 页
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At the end of these exercises, you will be able to:
• Explain the meaning and settings options for transfer fields from SD
into FI
Your customers normally provide their order number when they pay for
their trade fair orders. To guarantee quick assignment in FI, this order
number is to be forwarded to FI. You also want to sort the individual
items in FI by billing document numbe
2-1 In the first step, see which numbers from SD have already been set in the accounting
document upon billing of their trade fair orders.
2-1-1 Display an accounting document for a trade fair billing document that has
already been created. Which of the two numbers are transferred and at what
level are they found?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
2-1-2 Which numbers from SD are used to fill these fields?
_________________________________________________________
2-1-3 Where in Customizing is this setting made?
Go there.
_________________________________________________________
2-2 In the future, you want to transfer other information when processing trade fair orders.
2-2-1 Configure the system so that sales order numbers are transferred when billing is
carried out for your trade fair orders with reference to deliveries.
2-2-2 Use the option for sorting individual items by the billing document number
from SD.
2-2-3 Check your settings by creating a full trade fair transaction with billing (trade
fair## order, (order type ZA##), customer: T-S66A##, 1 piece of material:T-
ASA## (1 piece), purchase order number: ##LO615-Ref). Branch to the
accounting document to find the relevant information.
© SAP AG LO615 11-15
第 169 页 / 共 203 页
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7RSLF(cid:29)(cid:3)3RVWLQJ(cid:3)%ORFN
1-1 Trade fair billing documents should not be forwarded to financial accounting
immediately after they are created.
1-1-1 Map this requirement.
&XVWRPL]LQJ(cid:29)
6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)’LVWULEXWLRQ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQWV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)’HILQH(cid:3)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SHV
Select your WUDGH(cid:3)IDLU(cid:3)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:3)=)(cid:6)(cid:6) and set the SRVWLQJ(cid:3)EORFN
1-1-2 Test the results. What message appears when you save the billing document?
’RFXPHQW(cid:3)(cid:11)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)QXPEHU(cid:12)(cid:3)VDYHG(cid:3)(cid:11)DFFRXQWLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQWV(cid:3)QRW(cid:3)FUHDWHG(cid:12)
1-1-3 There are two ways to carry out this step. Name both options.
One way is to call the billing document explicitly in the(cid:3)FKDQJH(cid:3)PRGH(cid:3)and start
transfer to Financial Accounting by clicking on the SXVKEXWWRQ
5HOHDVHWR$FFRXQWLQJ.
The other way is to transfer blocked billing documents collectively(cid:17)
1-1-4 Now execute this step in one of the two ways you listed above in order to create
the accounting documents.
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,QFRPSOHWH(cid:3)GXH(cid:3)WR(cid:29)(cid:3)3RVWLQJ(cid:3)%ORFN
=> the billing documents created above should appear in the list
!(cid:3)6HOHFW the billing document and choose(cid:3)SXVKEXWWRQ(cid:3)5HOHDVH(cid:3)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)GRFV
© SAP AG LO615 11-16
第 170 页 / 共 203 页
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2-1 In the first step, see which numbers from SD have already been set in the accounting
document upon billing of their trade fair orders.
2-1-1 Which of the two numbers are transferred and at what level are they found?
The reference number and the assignment number are both transferred to FI.
The reference number is found at header level and is used during clearing, the
allocation number is saved at item level and is used for sorting line items.
2-1-2 Which numbers from SD are used to fill these fields?
5HIHUHQFH(cid:3)QXPEHU(cid:29)(cid:3))LOOHG(cid:3)ZLWK(cid:3)WKH(cid:3)SXUFKDVH(cid:3)QXPEHU
$OORFDWLRQ(cid:3)QXPEHU(cid:29)(cid:3))LOOHG(cid:3)ZLWK(cid:3)WKH(cid:3)GHOLYHU\(cid:3)QXPEHU(cid:3)(cid:11)E\(cid:3)GRXEOH(cid:16)FOLFNLQJ(cid:3)RQ
WKH(cid:3)FXVWRPHU(cid:3)SRVWLQJ(cid:3)OLQH(cid:12)
2-1-3 Where in Customizing is this setting made?
Go there.
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+HDGHU(cid:3)OHYHO(cid:3)fi(cid:3))LHOGV(cid:3)5HIHUHQFH(cid:3)QXPEHU(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)DOORFDWLRQ(cid:3)QXPEHU
2-2 In future, you want to transfer other information when processing trade fair orders.
2-2-1 Configure the system so that sales order numbers are transferred when billing is
carried out for your trade fair orders with reference to deliveries.
In the ILHOG(cid:3)5HIHUHQFH(cid:3)QXPEHU in FRS\LQJ(cid:3)FRQWURO, enter %(cid:3)(cid:11) (cid:3)VDOHV(cid:3)RUGHU
QXPEHU(cid:12)
2-2-2 Use the option for sorting individual items by the billing document number
from SD.
In the ILHOG(cid:3)$OORFDWLRQ(cid:3)QXPEHU in FRS\LQJ(cid:3)FRQWURO, enter ((cid:3)(cid:11) (cid:3)FXUUHQW(cid:3)ELOOLQJ
GRFXPHQW(cid:3)QXPEHU(cid:12)
2-2-3 Check your settings by creating a full trade fair transaction with billing (trade
fair## order, (order type: ZA##), customer: T-S66A##, material: T-ASA##,
purchase order number: ##LO615-Ref). Branch to the accounting document to
find the relevant information.
Field Reference number should now contain the order number and field
Allocation number should contain the billing document number.
&DXWLRQ(cid:29) The accounting block for the trade fair order is still active.
© SAP AG LO615 11-17
第 171 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 12-1
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© SAP AG LO615 12-2
第 173 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 12-3
第 174 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 12-4
第 175 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-1
第 176 页 / 共 203 页
5ROHV(cid:3)IRU(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)LQ(cid:3)6’
ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-2
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Other menu Create menu Assign users Documentation
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n A role is a logically related group of transactions. These transactions represent the functional scope
typically required by a user in his/her work.
n $FWLYLW\(cid:3)JURXSV(cid:3)(user roles) are set up using the Profile Generator to enable users of the SAP System
to work with XVHU(cid:16)VSHFLILF and ZRUNVWDWLRQ(cid:16)VSHFLILF(cid:3)PHQXV.
n Activity groups are also used to assign authorizations to users for the activities contained in the
menus. As of Release 4.6, the standard system contains predefined activity groups (user roles) for all
application areas.
n In the above example, you can see the role 6$3B/2B6’B%,//,1*B352&(66,1* with the
transactions that have been assigned to it. This role is included in the standard system.
n This role groups together all the functions that are available for billing in 6DOHV(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ. It covers
creating and changing billing documents, releasing blocked billing documents, list functions for
billing documents, output from billing documents and retro-billing.
第 177 页 / 共 203 页
6WDQGDUG(cid:3)5ROHV(cid:3)IRU(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)LQ(cid:3)6’
l SAP_LO_SD_BILLING_PROCESSING
Billing processing online
l SAP_LO_SD_BILLING_DISPLAY
Display billing documents
l SAP_LO_SD_BILLING_BATCH
Process billing by batch
l SAP_LO_SD_BLOCKED_BILLING_DOC
Release blocked billing documents
ª SAP AG 1999
n This slide shows you an overview of the roles available for billing in Sales in the standard system.
n Each role contains the main transactions for carrying out the process described.
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-3
第 178 页 / 共 203 页
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7DVN PHQX(cid:3)SDWK
0DVWHU(cid:3)’DWD Display sold-to party Logistics ˝ Sales and Distribution ˝ Master data
˝ Business partners ˝ Customer ˝ Display ˝
Sales and Distributions
Display material Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Master data
˝ Products ˝ Material ˝ Other material ˝
Display
Display condition records Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Master data
(prices, surcharges and ˝ Conditions ˝ Prices, Discounts/surcharges,
discounts) Freight, Taxes
or
Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Master data
˝ Select using condition type
2UGHU(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ Order Create/Change/Display Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Sales ˝
Order ˝ Create/Change/Display
2XWOLQH(cid:3)DJUHHPHQWV Contract Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Sales ˝
Create/Change/Display Contract ˝ Create/Change/Display
6KLSSLQJ(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ Delivery Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Shipping and
Create/Change/Display Transportation ˝ Outbound Delivery ˝ Single
document ˝ Create/Change/Display
Create transfer order Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Shipping and
Transportation˝ Picking ˝ Create Transfer order
˝ Single document
Post goods issue Logistics ˝ Sales and Distribution ˝ Shipping
and Transportation ˝ Post Goods Issue ˝
Outb.Delivery Single Doc.
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-4
| 7DVN | PHQX(cid:3)SDWK | |
|---|---|---|
| 0DVWHU(cid:3)’DWD | Display sold-to party | Logistics ˝ Sales and Distribution ˝ Master data ˝ Business partners ˝ Customer ˝ Display ˝ Sales and Distributions |
| Display material | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Master data ˝ Products ˝ Material ˝ Other material ˝ Display | |
| Display condition records (prices, surcharges and discounts) | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Master data ˝ Conditions ˝ Prices, Discounts/surcharges, Freight, Taxes or Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Master data ˝ Select using condition type | |
| 2UGHU(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ | Order Create/Change/Display | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Sales ˝ Order ˝ Create/Change/Display |
| 2XWOLQH(cid:3)DJUHHPHQWV | Contract Create/Change/Display | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Sales ˝ Contract ˝ Create/Change/Display |
| 6KLSSLQJ(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ | Delivery Create/Change/Display | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Shipping and Transportation ˝ Outbound Delivery ˝ Single document ˝ Create/Change/Display |
| Create transfer order | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Shipping and Transportation˝ Picking ˝ Create Transfer order ˝ Single document | |
| Post goods issue | Logistics ˝ Sales and Distribution ˝ Shipping and Transportation ˝ Post Goods Issue ˝ Outb.Delivery Single Doc. |
第 179 页 / 共 203 页
Billing document Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝
%LOOLQJ(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ
Create/Change/Display Billing document ˝ Create/Change/ Display
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Billing document ˝ Cancel
Processing Billing Due Lists Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝
Billing document ˝ Processing Billing due lists
Billing in the background Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝
Billing document ˝ Background Processing
Display list of billing Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝
documents created Information System ˝ Billing document ˝ List
billing documents
Display list of blocked billing Logistics ˝ Sales and Distribution ˝ Billing ˝
documents Billing document ˝ Blocked billing docs
Display accounting Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝
documents Billing document ˝ Display ˝ Button: Accounting
Create/Change/Display Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝
invoice list Invoice list ˝ Create/ Change/Display
Process invoice worklist Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝
Invoice List ˝ Worklist for invoice lists
)LQDQFLDO(cid:3)DFFRXQWLQJ Display customer line items Logistics ˝ Sales and Distribution ˝ Billing ˝
Environment ˝ Accounts Receivable
Or
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receivable ˝ Account ˝ Display/Change line items
Incoming payment for down Accounting ˝ Financial accounting ˝ Accounts
payment request receivable ˝ Document entry ˝ Down payment ˝
Down payment
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-5
| %LOOLQJ(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ | Billing document Create/Change/Display | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing document ˝ Create/Change/ Display |
|---|---|---|
| Cancel billing document | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing document ˝ Cancel | |
| Processing Billing Due Lists | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing document ˝ Processing Billing due lists | |
| Billing in the background | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing document ˝ Background Processing | |
| Display list of billing documents created | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Information System ˝ Billing document ˝ List billing documents | |
| Display list of blocked billing documents | Logistics ˝ Sales and Distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing document ˝ Blocked billing docs | |
| Display accounting documents | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing document ˝ Display ˝ Button: Accounting | |
| Create/Change/Display invoice list | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Invoice list ˝ Create/ Change/Display | |
| Process invoice worklist | Logistics ˝ Sales and distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Invoice List ˝ Worklist for invoice lists | |
| )LQDQFLDO(cid:3)DFFRXQWLQJ | Display customer line items | Logistics ˝ Sales and Distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Environment ˝ Accounts Receivable Or Accounting ˝ Financial accounting ˝ Accounts receivable ˝ Account ˝ Display/Change line items |
| Incoming payment for down payment request | Accounting ˝ Financial accounting ˝ Accounts receivable ˝ Document entry ˝ Down payment ˝ Down payment | |
第 180 页 / 共 203 页
&XVWRPL]LQJ
Tools ˝ AcceleratedSAP˝ Customizing ˝ Edit
,QLWLDO
project ˝ SAP Refererence IMG
2UJDQL]DWLRQDO(cid:3)XQLWV Defining organizational units Enterprise structure ˝ Definition ˝ Financial
in SD and FI Accounting/Sales and Distribution
Assigning organizational units Enterprise structure ˝ Allocation ˝ Financial
in SD and FI Accounting/Sales and Distribution
6DOHV Defining sales document types Sales and Distribution ˝ Sales ˝ Sales documents ˝
Sales document header ˝ Define sales document types
Defining item categories Sales and Distribution ˝ Sales ˝ Sales documents ˝
Sales document item ˝ Define item categories
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documents control for sales documents
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˝ Define billing types
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billing documents ˝ Define number range for billing documents
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documents ˝ Maintain copying control for billing documents
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6’(cid:3)%DVLF(cid:3)IXQFWLRQV Setting up pricing Sales and Distribution ˝ Basic Functions ˝ Pricing
˝ Pricing Control
Setting up account Sales and Distribution ˝ Basic Functions ˝ Account
determination assignment/Costing ˝ Revenue account determination
...
)LQDQFLDO(cid:3)$FFRXQWLQJ Defining terms of payment Financial Accounting ˝ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ˝ Business Transactions ˝
Outgoing Invoices/Credit Memos ˝ Maintain terms of
payment
&RQWUROOLQJ Activating profitability Controlling ˝ Profitability Analysis ˝ Flows of
analysis Actual Values ˝ Activate Profitability Analysis
Assigning quantities and value Controlling ˝ Profitability Analysis ˝ Flow of
fields Actual Values ˝ Transfer of Billing Documents ˝
Assign value/quantity fields
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-6
| &XVWRPL]LQJ | ||
|---|---|---|
| ,QLWLDO | Tools ˝ AcceleratedSAP˝ Customizing ˝ Edit project ˝ SAP Refererence IMG | |
| 2UJDQL]DWLRQDO(cid:3)XQLWV | Defining organizational units in SD and FI | Enterprise structure ˝ Definition ˝ Financial Accounting/Sales and Distribution |
| Assigning organizational units in SD and FI | Enterprise structure ˝ Allocation ˝ Financial Accounting/Sales and Distribution | |
| 6DOHV | Defining sales document types | Sales and Distribution ˝ Sales ˝ Sales documents ˝ Sales document header ˝ Define sales document types |
| Defining item categories | Sales and Distribution ˝ Sales ˝ Sales documents ˝ Sales document item ˝ Define item categories | |
| Copying control for sales documents | Sales and Distribution ˝ Sales ˝ Maintain copy control for sales documents | |
| %LOOLQJ | Defining billing types | Sales and Distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing documents ˝ Define billing types |
| Defining number ranges for billing documents | Sales and Distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing documents ˝ Define number range for billing documents | |
| Copying control for billing documents | Sales and Distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing documents ˝ Maintain copying control for billing documents | |
| Setting up billing plans | Sales and Distribution ˝ Billing ˝ Billing plan..... | |
| 6’(cid:3)%DVLF(cid:3)IXQFWLRQV | Setting up pricing | Sales and Distribution ˝ Basic Functions ˝ Pricing ˝ Pricing Control |
| Setting up account determination | Sales and Distribution ˝ Basic Functions ˝ Account assignment/Costing ˝ Revenue account determination ... |
| )LQDQFLDO(cid:3)$FFRXQWLQJ | Defining terms of payment | Financial Accounting ˝ Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable ˝ Business Transactions ˝ Outgoing Invoices/Credit Memos ˝ Maintain terms of payment |
| &RQWUROOLQJ | Activating profitability analysis | Controlling ˝ Profitability Analysis ˝ Flows of Actual Values ˝ Activate Profitability Analysis |
| Assigning quantities and value fields | Controlling ˝ Profitability Analysis ˝ Flow of Actual Values ˝ Transfer of Billing Documents ˝ Assign value/quantity fields |
第 181 页 / 共 203 页
7DEOH(cid:3)6WUXFWXUH(cid:29)(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQW
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© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-7
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© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-8
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© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-9
第 184 页 / 共 203 页
’RXEOH(cid:16)(QWU\(cid:3)$FFRXQWLQJ
$FFRXQW(cid:3)QDPH
’HELW &UHGLW
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ª SAP AG 1999
n The basic principle of double-entry accounting is that every business transaction is posted to at least
two different accounts, and is therefore posted at least twice. In the most simple cases, only two
accounts are affected.
n The most important thing to remember in this context is ’HELW(cid:3)WR(cid:3)&UHGLW.
n This means that you should post a transaction to the debit side in one account, but to the credit side
in another.
n Basic principle:
The total for debit postings is always the same as the total for credit postings, regardless of the
number of accounts affected.
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-10
第 185 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
n Business transactions are posted to accounts (= invoices kept on two sides, in which movements are
registered).
n In a double entry accounting system it is possible to separate the accounts into different types of
basic accounts, which themselves are divided into two partial accounts:
Ø
Balance sheet accounts (property accounts and capital and debtor accounts), to which stocks and
changes to these stocks are posted.
Ø
P&L accounts (expense/cost accounts and revenue/sales accounts), to which transactions affecting
net income are posted.
n The following basic equation applies to the structure of all accounts:
Opening balance + addition - disposal = closing balance
n However, the basic accounts above differ in which side the opening balance, addition, disposal and
closing balance are posted to.
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-11
第 186 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-12
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-13
第 188 页 / 共 203 页
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(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:19) (cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:19)
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ª SAP AG 1999
n In the example of an SD business transaction, an accounting document is created at the point of
goods issue and/or invoice creation.
n At the point of goods issue, the goods physically leave the warehouse. This results in a stock-related
and value-related posting. This means that the stock is reduced and the materials used increased. The
posting is therefore called "Materials used to stock".
n At the point of billing, receivables are accumulated by the customer, and additions are posted to sales
revenues (posting record: Receivables to sales revenues).
n If the incoming payment is made in FI, the receivables are reduced again and the amount of the cash
inflow is posted to a bank account (posting record: Bank to receivables).
n Posting output tax has been ignored for the purposes of this simplified example.
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-14
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|---|
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-15
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ª SAP AG 1999
n In the example of an MM business transaction, an addition to stock occurs at the point of goods
receipt. The clearing entry is made against a special goods receipt/invoice receipt clearing account
(stock to GR/IR clearing account).
n Provided that standard prices are used for valuation, it may be necessary to post to a price difference
account the amount of the difference between costs for purchasing and valuation.
n At the point of invoice creation, the GR/IR account is credited and payables accumulated by the
relevant creditor (GR/IR clearing account to creditors).
n The payables are reconciled in the payment run, and a disposal is is entered in the bank account
(payables to bank).
n Posting the tax due has been ignored for the purposes of this simplified example.
© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-16
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© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-17
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© SAP AG LO615 Appendix-18