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,QYRLFH(cid:3)OLVW(cid:3)(cid:3) %LOOLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQWV(cid:3)
%LOOLQJ(cid:3)GRF(cid:17)(cid:3)H[WHUQDO(cid:3)WUDQVDFWLRQ(cid:3)(cid:3) ([WHUQDO(cid:3)WUDQVDFWLRQ(cid:3)
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ª SAP AG 1999
n You must always refer to an existing document when creating a billing document.
n Data will then be copied from the reference document to the billing document.
For delivery-based billing, the quantities to be billed, for example, can be taken from the delivery;
the prices, however are taken from the underlying order.
n The reference document is displayed as the source at header level in the copying control table.
© SAP AG LO615 6-6
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ª SAP AG 1999
n You can, to a certain extent, influence the data flow from reference documents to billing documents.
This is done using:
Ø
billing types (for example, for texts, partners)
Ø
copying control; the control options are as follows:
$W(cid:3)KHDGHU(cid:3)OHYHO:
- Foreign trade data
- Allocation number
- Reference number
- Item number assignment
$W(cid:3)LWHP(cid:3)OHYHO:
- Quantity
- Pricing
n You can also use data transfer routines to influence the data flow to meet your individual
requirements. For example, terms of payment can be copied from the customer master instead of the
preceding sales document.
© SAP AG LO615 6-7
第 79 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
n The system administrator can define how data is transferred in the billing process in the copying
control table. Controls are determined for:
• the header (target: billing type, source: sales document type)
• the item (target: billing type, source: sales document type, item category)
n The following controls are found at header level:
• Reference document: which documents may be used as reference for billing?
• determination of foreign trade data, allocation numbers, reference numbers, and item numbers
n The following controls are found at item level:
• Billing quantity: which quantity should be invoiced - the order or delivery quantity?
• Pricing and exchange rate
Should pricing, for example, be carried out again or should prices from the order be copied over,
and at what exchange rate?
• Updating the quantity and value in the reference document
• Where should the conditions in the billing document be carried over from (for example, copying
over shipment costs from the shipment cost document)?
© SAP AG LO615 6-8
第 80 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
n You can specify the requirements for billing a sales document under requirements in copying
control.
n You can determine copying requirements for:
• the header
• items
n With the requirements in copying control you can, for example, specify whether goods issue has to
be posted before billing can be carried out.
n You can define your own requirements using transaction VOFM.
© SAP AG LO615 6-9
第 81 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
n Delivery and order quantities are referenced in billing. You can also take into account the quantity
already billed (depending on the area for which the relevant billing type is used). The above
examples have been defined in the standard version.
n This makes it possible, for example, to create an order-related billing document for quantities already
delivered.
© SAP AG LO615 6-10
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1R(cid:3)YDOLG(cid:3)UHFRUG(cid:3)H[LVWV(cid:3)
(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)81,(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:28)(cid:28)(cid:3)IURP(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:3)SF
9DOLG(cid:3)UHFRUG(cid:3)H[LVWV
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ª SAP AG 1999
n The system determines a pricing procedure based on document information (document determination
procedure from the transaction type, customer determination procedure from the customer master,
and the sales area).
n Individual condition types are stored in this pricing procedure in a corresponding sequence. These
condition types define the different elements in pricing, such as prices, special offer discounts, and
freight surcharges.
n An access sequence is stored for every condition type. This defines the search strategy the system
utilizes when searching for valid condition records.
n For each access, the key fields are filled with the document data so that the system can search for
available condition records in the condition file.
n These condition records can be created using scales.
n When determining a suitable, valid condition record, the scale is read with the number of pieces or
the value from the item, and the corresponding price/discount is set in the document.
n The procedure described above is carried out for every single condition type contained in the pricing
procedure.
© SAP AG LO615 6-11
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 6-12
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n At the time of billing, the following possible pricing types may be set for the items:
A: The pricing elements are copied from the reference document and updated according to a scale.
B: Pricing is carried out again.
C: The manual pricing elements are copied, and pricing is carried out again for the others.
D: The pricing elements are copied unchanged from the reference document.
G: The pricing elements are copied unchanged from the reference document. The tax conditions are
re-determined.
H: The pricing elements are copied unchanged from the reference document. The freight is re-
determined.
n The system administrator can assign a pricing type or define new ones for each billing type and item
category combination.
n The system administrator can also define how the rate is determined.
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© SAP AG LO615 6-13
第 85 页 / 共 203 页
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At the end of these exercises, you will be able to:
• Describe important copying control parameters
Normally, you bill your orders using billing type F2, which takes prices,
surcharges, and discounts directly from the order. According to a
customer agreement, however, completely new pricing is to take place
when the order is billed.
In addition, when your trade fair orders are billed, you want to make sure
that the order prices are transferred but that shipment costs are
recalculated.
1-1 Bill a previously-created delivery.
1-1-1 Bill the delivery for the order with the purchase order number
##LO615-A5 (hint: choose ([HFXWH, not 6DYH).
Which billing type is used?
__________________________________________________________
1-1-2 What price is set for the article (material price excluding discounts)?
__________________________________________________________
1-1-3 In this particular case, you want to bill with billing type F1. What should you
do? Carry out the necessary steps.
__________________________________________________________
1-1-4 What price is used for the material now?
Save the invoice.
__________________________________________________________
© SAP AG LO615 6-14
第 86 页 / 共 203 页
1-2 Freight conditions are to be redetermined when trade fair orders are billed.
1-2-1 First, create a trade fair order (order type ZA##) in sales organization 1000,
distribution channel 10 and division 00 for customer T-S66D## and one piece
of material T-ASA##. The purchase order number is ##LO615-ZA20. Note the
final price that was calculated.
Create the delivery and carry out picking and posting for the goods issue in one
step under 6XEVHTXHQW(cid:3)IXQFWLRQ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)&UHDWH(cid:3)WUDQVSRUW(cid:3)RUGHU with warehouse
number:012, Process: Background; adopt pick. quantity: 2.
1-2-2 Define for the item type TAN of the delivery type LF, that, in keeping with your
trade fair billing type ZF##, prices are to be transferred from the order, but that
freight costs are to be recalculated.
1-2-3 Note down the Incoterms (parts 1 and 2) in the customer master for customer T-
S66D## .
__________________________________________________________.
1-2-4 Create a freight condition record (condition type KF00) in Incoterms parts 1 and
2 for your customer T-S66D## (UNI 10 per kg).
(3DWK(cid:29)(cid:3)/RJLVWLFV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)’LVWULEXWLRQ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)0DVWHU(cid:3)GDWD(cid:3)fi(cid:3)&RQGLWLRQV(cid:3)fi
6HOHFW(cid:3)XVLQJ(cid:3)FRQGLWLRQ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:3)fi(cid:3)&UHDWH(cid:3)Condition type: .)(cid:19)(cid:19), choose the button
Key combination: ,QFRWHUPV(cid:3)SDUWV(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:21))
1-2-5 Analyze the result of the setting above by billing the trade fair delivery. What
final price is given?
__________________________________________________________
© SAP AG LO615 6-15
第 87 页 / 共 203 页
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1-1 Bill a previously-created delivery.
1-1-1 Bill the delivery for the order with the purchase order number
##LO615-A5. Which billing type is used?
/RJLVWLFV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)’LVWULEXWLRQ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)’RFXPHQWfi(cid:3)&UHDWH(cid:29)
Enter the delivery to be billed and chose ([HFXWH => it is billed using billing
type Invoice (F2)
1-1-2 What material price is set?
Select the item and choose button: ,WHP(cid:3)3ULFLQJ(cid:3)&RQGWQ
=> 3ULFH(cid:3)35(cid:19)(cid:19):(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:17)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:16)
1-1-3 Billing with billing type invoice (F1)
In the initial screen for creating billing documents, choose ’HIDXOW(cid:3)GDWD, then
enter in the field(cid:29)(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:3))(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:11),QYRLFH(cid:12).
1-1-4 What price is used? Save the invoice.
3ULFH(cid:3)35(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:17)(cid:26)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:16)
1-2 Freight conditions are to be redetermined when trade fair orders are billed.
1-2-1 Create a trade fair order trade fair##-order (order type ZA##). The purchase
order number is ##LO615-ZA20. Note the final price that was calculated.
/RJLVWLFV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)’LVWULEXWLRQ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)2UGHU(cid:3)fi(cid:3)&UHDWH(cid:29)
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Under &UHDWH(cid:3)RXWERXQG(cid:3)GHOLYHU\ choose 6XEVHTXHQW(cid:3)IXQFWLRQfi(cid:3)&UHDWH
WUDQVSRUW(cid:3)RUGHU
and select Confirm to save the delivery
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3URFHVV(cid:29)(cid:3)%DFNJURXQG
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© SAP AG LO615 6-16
第 88 页 / 共 203 页
1-2-2 Defining new pricing for freight conditions in copy control from delivery type
LF to trade fair billing type (ZF##) for item type TAN.
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=)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)fi(cid:3),WHP(cid:3)fi(cid:3)’HWDLO(cid:3)VFUHHQ(cid:3)for(cid:3)7$1:
Set the SULFLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:3)to(cid:3)+
1-2-3 Note down the Incoterms (parts 1+2) in the customer master for customer T-
S66D##
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&XVWRPHU(cid:3)fi(cid:3)’LVSOD\(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)’LVWULEXWLRQ
&XVWRPHU(cid:29) 7(cid:16)6(cid:25)(cid:25)’(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:16)6DOHV(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:12) – Confirm entry
select 6DOHV(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)GDWD(cid:3)–(cid:3)WDE(cid:3)SDJH(cid:29)(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQW
Incoterms: &)5, Incoterms part 2: (cid:6)(cid:6) (= your group number)
1-2-4 Create a freight condition record in Incoterms parts 1 and 2 for your customer
T-S66D## (UNI 10 per kg).
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(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:21)
Enter the following data:
Incoterms(cid:29)(cid:3)&)5(cid:15)(cid:3)Incoterms 2(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:6) (= your group number), Amount:(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:30)(cid:3)Unit:
81,(cid:15)(cid:3)per(cid:29)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:3)UoM(cid:29)(cid:3).*
Confirm your entries using the Enter key and choose save.
1-2-5 Check the results to see what final price was determined.
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Your changes in copying control caused the freight surcharge to be raised to
UNI 10- per KG (condition type KF00).
Billing type ZF## is used for billing of trade fair orders with order type ZA##,
because you have already specified this trade fair billing type as the default in a
previous exercise.
© SAP AG LO615 6-17
第 89 页 / 共 203 页
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© SAP AG LO615 7-1
第 90 页 / 共 203 页
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© SAP AG LO615 7-2
第 91 页 / 共 203 页
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© SAP AG LO615 7-3
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© SAP AG LO615 7-4
第 93 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
n You can specify explicitly which transactions are to be billed by entering the document numbers
manually (order number and/or delivery note number, depending on whether you want to carry out
order-related, or delivery-related billing).
n If a billing document cannot be created, due to a billing block, for example, the system will issue an
error log.
n As of Release 4.5, you can also select individual items or partial quantities of items to be billed when
billing deliveries or orders. To do this you have to choose the ,WHP(cid:3)VHOHFWLRQ function in billing.
n 1RWH: In delivery-related billing, you can only change the item quantities for item categories that
have billing relevance ..
© SAP AG LO615 7-5
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第 94 页 / 共 203 页
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n You will not usually bill transactions individually. You are far more likely to carry out periodic
collective billing runs (collectively by goods issue posting, for example).
n If you are working with the billing due list, enter the selection criteria, for example, sold-to party,
billing date, destination country. The system uses the selection criteria as a basis for combining the
transactions to be billed.
n When selecting, you can also decide whether the billing due list should only contain documents that
are order-related, delivery-related, or both.
n The graphic above displays a case in which creation of billing documents is restricted to those
documents that were delivered before May 15 for sold-to party C1. Based on this selection, the
system creates the billing due list and creates billing documents on the basis of this list.
n After saving, you can display the log to determine which billing documents were created from a
billing due list and whether any errors occurred.
n You can process the billing due list in simulation mode. The system displays the billing documents
without saving the documents. Transactions containing errors are indicated with the corresponding
processing status.
n As of Release 4.5, further selection data (sales document number, distribution channel, division, and
shipping point) and new ways of processing are available when processing the billing due list. The
information provided in the error log has also been extended.
第 95 页 / 共 203 页
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n You can process invoices periodically. All deliveries due for billing on a certain date can be
combined into one collective invoice.
n To do this, you must first:
Ø
maintain individual billing dates in the factory calendar using special rules
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enter the factory calendar in the customer master record of the payer (%LOOLQJ(cid:3)VFKHGXOH on the
billing screen)
n When you create a document, the system copies the next invoice date from the factory calendar to
the appropriate document as the billing date.
n 1RWH: The calendar is client independent.
第 96 页 / 共 203 页
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n You may decide to create invoices using a background job because it is practical and efficient. You
can run the background job automatically in the following ways:
• periodically (for example, every Monday at 2 a.m.)
• at a specific time (for example, June 19 at 8 p.m.)
n The system can divide the billing due list into multiple background jobs and start them
simultaneously. In this way, you can make better use of your hardware by operating more than one
processor.
n If you do not require a log or a detailed list, SAP recommends that you do not select these options in
the selection screen. This will improve performance considerably.
第 97 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
n As of release 4.5 the system contains functions to enable you to cancel the collective billing run.
n This cancels all the billing documents in a collective run. The cancelled billing documents are
combined under a collective processing number in collective processing type 6 and can be displayed
under ELOOLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQW(cid:3)j(cid:3)/RJ.
n You can then bill the preceding documents for the cancelled billing document again.
n Only users with the correct authorization can cancel collective runs.
n 1RWH: In order to cancel the collective billing run, choose
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| 08/09 High Tech 80005199 08/09 High Tech 80005202 08/09 High Tech 80005234 11/09 High Tech 80005255 |
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n Using the general billing interface, you can invoice external documents in the SAP R/3 System (that
is, orders and deliveries not created in the R/3 system).
n To do this, you must first:
Ø
prepare the data in a sequential file of specified format
Ø
specify a minimum number of required fields to be filled from the data records
Ø
the remaining fields required for billing are either specified via the data records for the sequential
file or they are determined in the R/3 System (optional fields)
n ([DPSOHV:
• Required fields: Customer master, sales organization, ...
• Optional fields: Material master, price components, ...
n External reference numbers can be entered in the interface (such as external delivery numbers or
external order numbers).
n You can find detailed information about the usage and structure of the general billing interface in the
*HQHUDO(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3),QWHUIDFH unit of the online help.