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8QLW(cid:29)(cid:3),QWURGXFWLRQ
7RSLF(cid:29)(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)’RFXPHQW(cid:3)6FUHHQV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3),QIRUPDWLRQ
1-1 Information on the billing document for the standard order (OR) with the purchase
order number (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:16)$(cid:22).
1-1-1 Determining the billing document number using the order document flow.
/RJLVWLFV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)’LVWULEXWLRQ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)2UGHU(cid:3)fi(cid:3)’LVSOD\
Choose F4-Help (information on possible input values) at order and(cid:3)use
VHDUFK(cid:3)KHOS(cid:29)(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)GRFXPHQW(cid:3)DFFRUGLQJ(cid:3)WR(cid:3)FXVWRPHU(cid:3)32(cid:3)QXPEHU(cid:15)(cid:3)to
select the order using the PO number
Select the corresponding document and branch to the document flow via
(QYLURQPHQW(cid:3)fi(cid:3)’RFXPHQW(cid:3)IORZ
Place the cursor on the billing document and select ’LVSOD\(cid:3)GRFXPHQW
1-1-2 Which delivery served as a reference for creating this billing document?
Select an item and choose(cid:3)*RWR(cid:3)fi(cid:3),WHP(cid:3)fi(cid:3),WHP(cid:3)GHWDLOV(cid:15)(cid:3)WDE(cid:3)SDJH(cid:3),WHP
GHWDLOV(cid:15)(cid:3)VFUHHQ(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)GDWD(cid:15)(cid:3)ILHOG(cid:3)5HIHUHQFH(cid:3)GRF(cid:17)
1-1-3 Check the accounting status of the billing document.
Select(cid:3)*RWR(cid:3)fi(cid:3)+HDGHU(cid:3)fi(cid:3)+HDGHU(cid:15)(cid:3)WDE(cid:3)SDJH(cid:3)+HDGHU(cid:29)
VFUHHQ(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)$FFRXQWLQJ(cid:3)GDWD(cid:15)(cid:3)ILHOG(cid:3)3RVWLQJ(cid:3)6WDWXV(cid:29)(cid:3)3267,1*
’2&80(17(cid:3)+$6(cid:3)%((1(cid:3)&5($7(’
1-1-4 What are the terms of payment agreed with the customer?
*RWR(cid:3)fi(cid:3)+HDGHU(cid:3)fi(cid:3)+HDGHU(cid:15)(cid:3)WDE(cid:3)SDJH(cid:3)+HDGHU(cid:29)
VFUHHQ(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)3ULFH(cid:3)GDWD(cid:15)(cid:3)ILHOG(cid:3)3D\PHQW(cid:3)WHUPV
1-1-5 What is the price of the material in the first item?
Select the first item and choose(cid:3)*RWR(cid:3)fi(cid:3),WHP(cid:3)fi(cid:3),WHP(cid:3)FRQGLWLRQV(cid:15)(cid:3)WDE(cid:3)SDJH
&RQGLWLRQV(cid:15)(cid:3)3ULFH(cid:29)(cid:3)81,(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:19)
1-1-6 What division does the material in the first item belong to?
Select the first item and choose(cid:3)*RWR(cid:3)fi(cid:3),WHP(cid:3)fi(cid:3),WHP(cid:3)GHWDLOV(cid:15)(cid:3)WDE(cid:3)SDJH
,WHP(cid:3)GHWDLOV(cid:15)(cid:3)VFUHHQ(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)GDWD(cid:15)(cid:3)ILHOG(cid:3)’LYLVLRQ(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:26)(cid:3)(cid:11) +LJK(cid:3)7HFK(cid:12)
© SAP AG LO615 2-15
第 27 页 / 共 203 页
1-2 Information in the accounting document
1-2-1 Describe how to access the accounting document directly from the billing
document.
In the billing document choose(cid:3)*RWR(cid:3)fi(cid:3)$FFRXQWLQJ(cid:3)RYHUYLHZ
and double click on the(cid:3)$FFRXQWLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQW
1-2-2 Look at the overall processing status in the document flow. What status is
noted here and why?
Go back to the billing document and choose(cid:3)(QYLURQPHQW(cid:3)fi(cid:3)’LVSOD\
GRFXPHQW(cid:3)IORZ(cid:29)
,QYRLFH(cid:3)2YHUDOO(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ(cid:3)VWDWXV(cid:29)(cid:3)&203/(7(’(cid:15)
The overall processing status for the billing document is “completed”
because the accounting document has already been created.
$FFRXQWLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQW(cid:3)2YHUDOO(cid:3)SURFHVVLQJ(cid:3)VWDWXV(cid:29)(cid:3)127(cid:3)&/($5(’(cid:15)
The overall processing status of the accounting document is set to “not
cleared” because an incoming payment has not been created for this
receivable(cid:17)
© SAP AG LO615 2-16
第 28 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 3-1
第 29 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 3-2
第 30 页 / 共 203 页
%LOOLQJ(cid:3)2YHUYLHZ(cid:29)(cid:3)&RXUVH(cid:3)2YHUYLHZ(cid:3)’LDJUDP
ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 3-3
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6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)GLVWULEXWLRQ $FFRXQWLQJ
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第 31 页 / 共 203 页
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SRLQWV(cid:3)LQ(cid:3)&XVWRPL]LQJ(cid:3)LQ(cid:3)RUGHU(cid:3)WR(cid:3)UHSUHVHQW
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RUJDQLVDWLRQDO(cid:3)XQLWV(cid:3)LQ(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)’LVWULEXWLRQ(cid:3)DQG
)LQDQFLDO(cid:3)$FFRXQWLQJ(cid:17)
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 3-4
第 32 页 / 共 203 页
&XVWRPL]LQJ(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:3)+RZ(cid:3)WR(cid:3)3URFHHG
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ª SAP AG 1999
n In the first step, you define your own organizational structure in the relevant data views.
n In the next step you assign the various organizational units to each other.
n Set up your organizational structure carefully and consistently, making sure that you take into
account all the areas of your company.
n Try to set up your organizational structure as efficiently as possible. This will avoid extra work when
maintaining master data, for example. You have several evaluation options.
© SAP AG LO615 3-5
第 33 页 / 共 203 页
$VVLJQLQJ(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)2UJDQL]DWLRQV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)3ODQWV
&OLHQW
&RPSDQ\(cid:3)FRGH(cid:3)(cid:20) &RPSDQ\(cid:3)FRGH(cid:3)(cid:21)
3ODQW(cid:3)(cid:20) 3ODQW(cid:3)(cid:21) 3ODQW(cid:3)(cid:22) 3ODQW(cid:3)(cid:24) 3ODQW(cid:3)(cid:23)
6DOHV(cid:3)RUJ(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:20) 6DOHV(cid:3)RUJ(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:21) 6DOHV(cid:3)RUJDQL]DWLRQ(cid:3)(cid:22)
ª SAP AG 1999
n The company code represents an independent company in the legal sense, for which a complete set
of accounts can be drawn up for purposes of external reporting.
n Sales organizations and plants are assigned uniquely to one company code.
n For each sales organization, the system determines allowed plants on the basis of the distribution
channel, so that a sales organization can sell goods from more than one plant. A plant can also be
assigned to several sales organizations. All of these sales organizations can sell from this plant.
n In the sales order, the system automatically creates a delivering plant on the basis of a priority rule.
n A sales organization can also sell products supplied by a plant which is assigned to a different
company code (inter-company sales processing).
n By making the plant dependent on the distribution channel, you can differentiate further between
plants within a sales organization from a sales view. The distribution channel Direct sales, for
example, may be allowed for certain plants in a sales organization but not for others.
© SAP AG LO615 3-6
第 34 页 / 共 203 页
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&OLHQW
%XVLQHVV %XVLQHVV %XVLQHVV(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)(cid:20) %XVLQHVV(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)(cid:20)
DUHD(cid:3)(cid:20) DUHD(cid:3)(cid:21)
%XVLQHVV %XVLQHVV %%XXVVLLQQHHVVVV
DUHD(cid:3)(cid:22) DUHD(cid:3)(cid:23) DDUUHH%DDX(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:22)(cid:22)VLQHVV(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)(cid:21) %XVLQHVV(cid:3)DUHD(cid:3)(cid:21)
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ª SAP AG 1999
n Each company code in the SAP R/3 System uses general ledger accounts from exactly one chart of
accounts. General ledger accounts within a chart of accounts are unique. You can name the chart of
accounts to meet your specific requirements.
n In Financial Accounting, the business transactions are created, saved, processed and posted at
company code level. You can create several company codes for each client, in order to carry out
accounting for several independent companies. There must always be at least one company code.
n Because a unique assignment is made between sales organization and company code, the company
code is automatically determined when you enter the relevant sales organization in the sales order.
n The business area represents an organizational unit for which you can carry out internal reporting. A
company code may be divided into multiple business areas. A business area may also be shared by
several company codes. For this reason, business areas must have the same description in all
company codes.
n Defining a business area is optional. They can be used to prepare balance sheets and profit and loss
statements not only for company codes, but also for other internal areas (for example, division-
related).
n The relevant business area is determined for each order item according to defined rules.
© SAP AG LO615 3-7
第 35 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 3-8
第 36 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 4-1
第 37 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 4-2
第 38 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 4-3
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 4-4
第 40 页 / 共 203 页
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’’HHEELLWW(cid:3)(cid:3)PPHHPPRR(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)
(([[WWHHUUQQDDOO(cid:3)(cid:3)
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ª SAP AG 1999
n The billing type controls the whole billing document.
n The billing types are used to cover the full range of business transactions during billing processing.
n The following is a list of billing types in the SAP R/3 system:
F2 Invoice
F8 Pro forma invoice
G2 Credit memoL2Debit memo
RE Returns
S1 Cancellation invoice
S2 Cancellation credit memo
LR Invoice list
LG Credit memo list
IV Intercompany billing (invoice)
IG Intercompany billing (credit memo)
BV Cash sale
© SAP AG LO615 4-5
第 41 页 / 共 203 页
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&&DDQQFFHHOOOODDWWLLRRQQ(cid:3)(cid:3)
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,,QQYYRRLLFFHH(cid:3)(cid:3)OOLLVVWW(cid:3)(cid:3)
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RRII(cid:3)(cid:3)WWKKHH(cid:3)(cid:3))),,(cid:3)(cid:3)LLQQWWHHUUIIDDFFHH EEOORRFFNN
ª SAP AG 1999
n You can create new billing types or redefine existing ones in the standard R/3 System to meet the
requirements of your company installation.
n Many of the control parameters in the billing type influence further processing in Financial
Accounting (posting block, account determination).
n As of Release 4.0, new fields have been included in the billing type, representing special features of
the SD/FI interface, such as document type, negative posting, branch/head office and value dated
credit memos (see the unit on 6SHFLDO(cid:3))HDWXUHV(cid:3)RI(cid:3)WKH(cid:3)6’(cid:18)),(cid:3),QWHUIDFH).
n As of Release 4.6B, you can use the report SDCHECKVOFA to check various settings within billing
types for accuracy and consistency.
(Note: This report does not perform a complete check of all settings. You can find information about
it in the relevant report documentation).
© SAP AG LO615 4-6
第 42 页 / 共 203 页
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0DWO(cid:3)4W\(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)S(cid:3)F(cid:3)(cid:3)3ULFH(cid:3),(cid:3)WHP(cid:3)FDW(cid:17)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:26)(cid:20)(cid:20) (cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)86’ 7$1
,WHP(cid:3)FDWHJRU\(cid:29)(cid:3)7$1 6DOHV(cid:3)GRFXPHQW(cid:3)W\SH(cid:29)(cid:3)25
5HOHYDQFH(cid:3)IRU(cid:3) ’HOLY(cid:16)UHO(cid:17)(cid:3)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:29)(cid:3))(cid:21)
ELOOLQJ(cid:29) $(cid:3)(cid:13)
2UG(cid:16)UHO(cid:17)(cid:3)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:3))(cid:20)
(cid:13)(cid:3)$(cid:29)(cid:3)GHOLYHU\(cid:16)UHODWHG
%(cid:29)(cid:3)RUGHU(cid:16)UHODWHG
ª SAP AG 1999
n In Customizing for the item category, you can determine whether billling is to be carried out with
reference to a delivery or an order.
n The system proposes a relevant billing type from the underlying sales document type.
• ([DPSOH: In delivery-related billing, a standard order (order type OR) is invoiced using billing
type F2.
n You can change the proposed value when creating billing documents by entering the required billing
type in Default data.
© SAP AG LO615 4-7
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|---|
| 5HOHYDQFH(cid:3)IRU(cid:3) ELOOLQJ(cid:29) $(cid:3)(cid:13) |
| 6DOHV(cid:3)GRFXPHQW(cid:3)W\SH(cid:29)(cid:3)25 |
|---|
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第 43 页 / 共 203 页
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2UGHU ,QYRLFH
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© SAP AG LO615 4-8
(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:5)(cid:14)
!
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(cid:5)(cid:17)
(cid:3)(cid:6) (cid:5)(cid:6)
(cid:18)(cid:26)(cid:19)(cid:21).
(cid:1)(cid:12) ((cid:4) (cid:1)) (cid:5)(cid:6)
(cid:5)(cid:29) (cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:18)*(cid:10)
((cid:4) (cid:1)(cid:4)
(cid:9))
(cid:5)(cid:6)
(cid:5)+ (cid:3)
(cid:18)*/ (cid:9)) (cid:5)(cid:14) (cid:3)
2XWERXQG(cid:3)
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2XWERXQG(cid:3)
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n You can reference either an order or a delivery when creating an invoice.
n If you want to ensure that goods have already been shipped before an invoice is created, create an
invoice with reference to a delivery..
• ([DPSOH: Delivering a carpet
n You can use an invoice to refer to an order and(cid:3)a delivery simultaneously.
• ([DPSOH: You can create one invoice for goods (the carpet) and service (laying the carpet), as
long as the corresponding requirements for combining the two are met (see the unit on 7\SHV(cid:3)RI
6HWWOHPHQWV).
第 44 页 / 共 203 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO615 4-9
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(cid:5)(cid:17)
(cid:3)(cid:6) (cid:5)(cid:6)
(cid:18)(cid:26)(cid:19)(cid:21).
(cid:1)(cid:12) ((cid:4) (cid:1)) (cid:5)(cid:6)
(cid:5)(cid:29) (cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:18)*(cid:10)
((cid:4) (cid:1)(cid:4)
(cid:9))
(cid:5)(cid:6)
(cid:5)+ (cid:3)
(cid:18)*/ (cid:9)) (cid:5)(cid:14) (cid:3)
2XWERXQG(cid:3)
GHOLYHU\
2XWERXQG(cid:3)
GHOLYHU\
n If you want to invoice a customer for services rendered, you would normally create an invoice with
reference to the sales order, because deliveries are not usually created for services.
• ([DPSOH: Laying a carpet
第 45 页 / 共 203 页
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l
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© SAP AG LO615 4-10
第 46 页 / 共 203 页
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7RSLF(cid:29)(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)7\SH(cid:3)&RQWUROV
At the end of these exercises, you will be able to:
• Define how item categories and billing are interrelated
• Set up and organize a new billing type
You are to create the billing document for a completed delivery. It is also
your job to set up a new billing type for billing trade fair orders at your
company. This new billing type should be the default when billing trade
fair orders.
1-1 Display the document flow for the order with purchase order number
(cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:16)$(cid:20). Note the delivery number.
1-1-1 Create an invoice for this delivery.
________________________________________________________
1-1-2 Display the invoice. What billing type is it?
________________________________________________________
1-1-3 What type of document is the sales order that began this process?
________________________________________________________
1-1-4 Go back to the billing document and determine which item category is
determined for the items and also note how items of this nature are billed?
________________________________________________________
1-1-5 Look up these aspects in Customizing and note how they are related.
© SAP AG LO615 4-11
第 47 页 / 共 203 页
1-2 Now configure a trade fair invoice, which currently exists, with the following data:
1-2-1 Call up the trade fair billing type ZF## provided for you in the system.
1-2-2 Numbers assigned to trade fair invoices should fall between 70000000 and
74999999.
1-2-3 The new trade fair billing type should be the default when trade fair orders with
the sales document type ZA## are billed (where order- and delivery-related
items are included in the billing).
Assign this default in Customizing.
Now check your Customizing settings by taking your trade fair order through a
whole SD process: Trade fair## order (ZA##), customer T-S66A##, and
material T-ASA## (5 pieces), purchase order number: Lo615-ZF##.
(Additional information: For the creation of the delivery, choose the shipping
point: (cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:19) and create the transport order under 6XEVHTXHQW(cid:3)IXQFWLRQV(cid:3)fi
&UHDWH(cid:3)WUDQVIHU(cid:3)RUGHU(cid:3)with the warehouse number: (cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:21), Process: %DFNJURXQG;
adopt pick. quantity: (cid:21))
The system should automatically use your trade fair order type 7UDGH(cid:3)IDLU(cid:6)(cid:6)
ELOOLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQW (ZF##) and your invoice should begin with (cid:26)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:17)(cid:17) (cid:17)
© SAP AG LO615 4-12
第 48 页 / 共 203 页
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1-1 Display the document flow for the order with the purchase order number (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:16)
$(cid:20). Note the delivery number.
1-1-1 Create an invoice for this delivery.
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&UHDWH(cid:29)
Enter the delivery number as the document to be billed and choose ([HFXWH.
6DYH the document.
1-1-2 What billing type is it?
/RJLVWLFV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)’LVWULEXWLRQ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)GRFXPHQW(cid:3)fi
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WLWOH(cid:3)EDU(cid:3),QYRLFH(cid:3)QR(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:3)%LOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:3))(cid:21)
1-1-3 What type of document is the sales order that began this process?
(QYLURQPHQW(cid:3)fi(cid:3)’LVSOD\(cid:3)GRFXPHQW(cid:3)IORZ(cid:15)(cid:3)display the Standard Order(cid:15)
*RWR(cid:3)fi(cid:3)+HDGHU(cid:3)fi(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:15)(cid:3)WDE(cid:3)SDJH(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:15)(cid:3)ILHOG(cid:3)2UGHU(cid:3)W\SH(cid:29)(cid:3)6WDQGDUG
2UGHU(cid:3)(cid:11)25(cid:12)
1-1-4 Go back to the billing document and determine which item category is
determined for the items and also note how items of this nature are billed?
Select an item and choose the icon(cid:3)’LVSOD\(cid:3)LWHP(cid:3)GHWDLOV(cid:15)(cid:3)ILHOG(cid:3),WHP
FDWHJRU\(cid:29)(cid:3)1RUPDO(cid:3)LWHP(cid:3)(cid:11)7$1(cid:12)
In the standard system, item category TAN is used for stock material items.
These are billed with reference to the delivery.
1-1-5 Look up these aspects in Customizing and note how they are related.
7RROV(cid:3)fi(cid:3)$FFHOHUDWHG6$3(cid:3)fi(cid:3)&XVWRPL]LQJ(cid:3)fi(cid:3)(GLW(cid:3)SURMHFW(cid:15)(cid:3)FKRRVH(cid:3)6$3
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© SAP AG LO615 4-13
第 49 页 / 共 203 页
1-2 Now configure a trade fair invoice, which currently exists, with the following data:
1-2-1 Call up the trade fair billing type ZF##.
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W\SHV
Choose the detail screen for(cid:3)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:3)=)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:17)
1-2-2 Assigning numbers to trade fair invoices (number range 70000000 to
74999999).
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Interval 15 uses the number range specified.
Now assign LQWHUYDO(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:24) to your WUDGH(cid:3)IDLU(cid:3)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:3)=)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:17)
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(cid:20)(cid:24)
1-2-3 The trade fair billing type should be the default when trade fair orders with
the sales document type ZA## are billed
Assign this default in Customizing.
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+HDGHU(cid:3)fi(cid:3)’HILQH(cid:3)6DOHV(cid:3)’RFXPHQW(cid:3)7\SHV(cid:29)
Detail screen for sales document type =$(cid:6)(cid:6):
Enter your WUDGH(cid:3)IDLU(cid:3)ELOOLQJ(cid:3)W\SH(cid:3)=)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:6) as the default in screen area %LOOLQJ
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Under &UHDWH(cid:3)RXWERXQG(cid:3)GHOLYHU\ choose 6XEVHTXHQW(cid:3)IXQFWLRQfi(cid:3)&UHDWH
WUDQVSRUW(cid:3)RUGHU
and select Confirm to save the delivery
:DUHKRXVH(cid:3)QXPEHU(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:21)
3URFHVV(cid:29)(cid:3)%DFNJURXQG
$GRSW(cid:3)SLFN(cid:17)TXDQWLW\(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:21) (so GI is posted immediately)
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© SAP AG LO615 4-14
第 50 页 / 共 203 页
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