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AC210

New General Ledger Accounting

(in SAP ERP)

SAP ERP - Financials

Date

Training Center

Instructors

Education Website

Participant Handbook

Course Version: 92

Course Duration: 5 Days

Material Number: 50093173

An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work

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About This Handbook

Thishandbookisintendedtocomplementtheinstructor-ledpresentationofthis

course,andserveasasourceofreference. Itisnotsuitableforself-study.

Typographic Conventions

American English is the standard used in this handbook. The following

typographic conventions are also used.

Type Style Description

Example text Wordsorcharactersthatappearonthescreen. These

includefieldnames,screentitles,pushbuttonsaswell

asmenunames, paths, andoptions.

Alsousedforcross-referencestootherdocumentation

both internal and external.

Example text Emphasizedwords or phrases in bodytext, titlesof

graphics, and tables

EXAMPLETEXT Names of elements in the system. These include

reportnames,programnames,transactioncodes,table

names, andindividualkey wordsof aprogramming

language,whensurroundedbybodytext,forexample

SELECT and INCLUDE.

Example text Screenoutput. Thisincludesfileanddirectorynames

and their paths, messages, names of variables and

parameters, and passages of the source text of a

program.

Example text Exactuserentry. Thesearewordsandcharactersthat

youenterinthesystemexactlyastheyappearinthe

documentation.

<Example text> Variableuserentry. Pointedbracketsindicatethatyou

replacethesewordsandcharacterswithappropriate

entries.

iii

Type Style	Description
Example text	Wordsorcharactersthatappearonthescreen. These includefieldnames,screentitles,pushbuttonsaswell asmenunames, paths, andoptions. Alsousedforcross-referencestootherdocumentation both internal and external.
Example text	Emphasizedwords or phrases in bodytext, titlesof graphics, and tables
EXAMPLETEXT	Names of elements in the system. These include reportnames,programnames,transactioncodes,table names, andindividualkey wordsof aprogramming language,whensurroundedbybodytext,forexample SELECT and INCLUDE.
Example text	Screenoutput. Thisincludesfileanddirectorynames and their paths, messages, names of variables and parameters, and passages of the source text of a program.
Example text	Exactuserentry. Thesearewordsandcharactersthat youenterinthesystemexactlyastheyappearinthe documentation.
<Example text>	Variableuserentry. Pointedbracketsindicatethatyou replacethesewordsandcharacterswithappropriate entries.

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AboutThisHandbook AC210

Icons in Body Text

The following iconsareused in thishandbook.

Icon Meaning

Formoreinformation,tips,orbackground

Noteorfurtherexplanationofpreviouspoint

Exception or caution

Procedures

Indicatesthattheitemisdisplayedintheinstructor's

presentation.

Icon	Meaning
	Formoreinformation,tips,orbackground
	Noteorfurtherexplanationofpreviouspoint
	Exception or caution
	Procedures
	Indicatesthattheitemisdisplayedintheinstructor's presentation.

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Contents

Course Overview......................................................... vii

Course Goals...........................................................vii

Course Objectives .....................................................vii

Unit 1: Introduction........................................................1

Introduction ..............................................................2

Unit 2: Ledger Definition.................................................9

Ledger Definition......................................................10

Unit 3: Document Splitting ............................................ 39

Document Splitting....................................................40

Unit 4: Integration and other related issues........................ 81

Integration with FI Subledgers ......................................83

Integration of the New G/L Accounting with Controlling ........101

Integration with Materials Management...........................119

(Actual) Allocations (in FI) and the Subject of “Mapping Profit

Center Accounting”...............................................123

Planning / Planning Options........................................152

Unit 5: Selected Periodic Processing..............................181

(Selected) Periodic Processing ....................................182

Unit 6: Parallel Accounting...........................................215

Parallel Accounting..................................................216

Unit 7: Reporting........................................................269

Reporting..............................................................270

Unit 8: Migration ........................................................299

Migration ..............................................................300

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Contents AC210

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Course Overview

Target Audience

Thiscourseisintendedforthefollowing audiences:

• Peopleresponsibleforimplementingnewgeneralledgeraccounting:

• (SAP) consultants

Course Prerequisites

Required Knowledge

• Familiaritywithoperationanduseoftheconventionalgeneralledger

Recommended Knowledge

• FamiliaritywithFIsubledgeraccountingandControlling(=>Management

Accounting)

Course Goals

This course will prepare you to:

• getacomprehensiveoverviewofthenewgeneralledgeraccountingoptions

• become familiar with various topics relating to new general ledger

accounting bymeansofexercises(andsolutions)

• assess the possible uses of new general ledger accounting by means of

several examples and practical experience

• acquire the knowledge required for the migration course (=> AC212 /

Migration to new G/L)

Course Objectives

After completingthiscourse, youwillbeable to:

• ... understandthelogicandpossibilitiesofnewG/Laccounting

• ... configureand operatenewG/L accounting

vii

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CourseOverview AC210

viii

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Unit 1

Introduction

Unit Overview

Brieflydiscussthepointswhichwillbecoveredindepthoverthefollowingdays.

Thischaptercanalsobeusedifyouneedabriefoverviewofthefunctionalityof

thenewG/Landtheconsiderabledifferencesbetweenitandtheclassicgeneral

ledger.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• ... outlinetheadvantagesofnewgeneralledgeraccounting

Unit Contents

Lesson: Introduction...............................................................2

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Unit1: Introduction AC210

Lesson: Introduction

Lesson Overview

Thislessonsummarizesthemostimportantpropertiesandbenefitsofnewgeneral

ledger accounting in a compact overview.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• ... outlinetheadvantagesofnewgeneralledgeraccounting

Business Example

Companies generally make an effort to learn about new developments in

the Processing Business Data area and then consider how useful these new

developmentswould be in their own company.

With new G/L accounting, SAP provides a way to considerably improve the

qualityof FIdatain(external) financial accounting.

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AC210 Lesson: Introduction

Overview of G/L Accounting

Figure 1: New General Ledger Accounting Options

Hint: *Thecorrectdescriptionis“newGeneralLedgerAccounting”. For

simplicityreasons,theshorterdescription“newGeneralLedger”isused

inAC210andinSAPNotesand/or(release)documentation.

This can alsobeabbreviated to“newG/L”.

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Unit1: Introduction AC210

Figure 2: New G/L: One Component -Many Functions

PriortoSAPERP, SAP customershad toinstall and operate many different

components to meet international (or industry-specific) requirements and

standards as completely as possible.

Infact,thesituationisworseningbecausemoreandmoreserviceproviders(inthe

publicsector,insurance,andmediasectors,forexample)aredemandingbalance

sheetsbasedonadditionalcriteria-suchasgrant,fundorindustry.

The increasing importance of IAS/IFRS and/or US GAAP as (generally

recognized) accounting principles is also heightening the need for improved

quality and mapping options of segment reporting, or improved mapping and

evaluation of the complete posting data.

Furthermore,aunifiedsolutionwouldundoubtedlyalsobeabonusfortackling

issues such as Fast Close and Sarbanes-Oxley.

Overviewofthetotalstableswhentheclassiccomponentsareused:

• Classic FI: Table GLT0

• Cost-of-salesaccountingledger: TableGLFUNCT

• Reconciliation ledger: Table COFIT

• EC-PCA/classicprofitcenteraccounting: TableGLPCT

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AC210 Lesson: Introduction

Figure 3: Advantages of the New GL - Overview

Thesubsequentunitswill elaborateonthesebenefits.

Youcan(also)obtainanoverviewoftheadvantagesofusingnewgeneralledger

accounting in SAP Note 756146.

ThefollowingnotehasdetailedPDFattachmentsaboutTheBasicArchitecture

of NewGeneralLedgerAccountingin SAP ERP inEnglishand German: SAP

Note 918675.

Note: Despiteallofthenewfeatures,the“interfaces”forenteringthedata

andpostingsare(almost)identicaltothoseofthepreviousrelease.

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Unit1: Introduction AC210

Figure4: NewGeneralLedgerAccountingandIndustrySolutions

InVersionApril 2009, youcan usetheSAPService Marketplacehomepage

to access the IBU Information: www.service.sap.com => Choose the portal

Consulting,SolutionsandUserGroupAreas=>Choose(topleft)SolutionDetails.

Inthestructuretree,alsoonthetopleft,navigateasfollows:BusinessSolutionsand

Applications->SAPBusinessSuite->SAPERP->SAPERPFinancials->SAP

FinancialAccounting->GeneralLedger->MediaLibrary. IntheMediaLibrary:

Presentations->PDF-FileNewGeneralLedgerAccounting&Industrysolutions

Hint: IntheMediaLibrary,youcanalsofindotherinterestinginformation

about the new general ledger.

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AC210 Lesson: Introduction

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• ... outlinetheadvantagesofnewgeneralledgeraccounting

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UnitSummary AC210

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• ... outlinetheadvantagesofnewgeneralledgeraccounting

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Unit 2

Ledger Definition

Unit Overview

InAC210,thesituationisinitiallyaswithanSAPcustomerwhohas“updated”an

R/3systemwithanECC6.0systemandwouldnowliketofamiliarizethemself

withtheG/Laccountinginatestlandscape. Asaresult,thenewG/Lisnotyet

active.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• ... Activate the new general ledger

• ... Describe the importance of scenarios

• ... Differentiatebetweentheentryviewandthegeneralledgerview

• ... Define and derive segments

• ... Be familiar with the business functions provided by enhancement

packages3and4(=>EhP3andEhP4)forthenewG/Laccounting

• ... Understandthelogicofthebusinessfunctionsandknowhowtoactivate

them

Unit Contents

Lesson: Ledger Definition.......................................................10

Exercise 1: Configuration of New General Ledger Accounting........27

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Lesson: Ledger Definition

Lesson Overview

• Activationof New GeneralLedgerAccounting

• FamiliarizationwiththenewtotalstableFAGLFLEXT

• Assigning“scenarios”(ofthenewG/L)andtheirimportance

• EntryviewandgeneralledgerviewforFinancialAccountingdocuments

• The characteristic Segment

• The derivation of thecharacteristic Segment

• Activation of business functions supplied with what are known as

enhancement packages

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• ... Activate the new general ledger

• ... Describe the importance of scenarios

• ... Differentiatebetweentheentryviewandthegeneralledgerview

• ... Define and derive segments

• ... Be familiar with the business functions provided by enhancement

packages3and4(=>EhP3andEhP4)forthenewG/Laccounting

• ... Understandthelogicofthebusinessfunctionsandknowhowtoactivate

them

Business Example

BeforeyoucanfamiliarizeyourselfwiththeworkingsofthenewG/Laccounting

and test them in a (test) system, you must be aware of a few basic facts, must

make a number of important decisions, and must enter a few settings in the

configuration of the SAP system.

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Figure 5: The New GL - Who Must / Can Use It?

Info for existing customers:If you think the advantages described in course

AC210 will be useful for you, you can convert to the new general ledger

accountinginamigrationprojectimmediatelyafteryouupgradetoSAPERP.

Formoreinformation,seetheMigrationunitattheendofthiscourse.

Hint: Informationfornewcustomers: Inthecaseofanewinstallation,

seeNote756146forinformationaboutsettingupthesystemforthenew

general ledger accounting.

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Figure 6: Activating New General LedgerAccounting

Ifexistingcustomerswanttousethenewgeneralledgeraccounting,itmustbe

activatedbymeansofaCustomizingtransaction(=>TCodeFAGL_ACTIVATION).

Caution: ThisisperformedatthestartofcourseAC210toenableyou

to explore the new functions.In practice, executing this transaction

in production is one of the last activities performed during the

migrationproject leadinguptotheimplementationofnewgeneral

ledgeraccounting. Youcanfindmoreinformationaboutthisinthelast

unit, Migration.

Note: The reverse conclusion also means that new general ledger

accounting is never activated automatically as part of a (technical)

upgrade to an ERP release!

Hint: You set the activation switch for each client - it cannot be

activated on thecompany code level!

Caution: However,theactivationresultsinsystem-widechangestothe

appearanceoftheapplicationandCustomizingpaths.

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Figure 7: New Menu Paths After Activation

Thepathsfornewgeneralledgeraccounting areavailableinadditiontothe

classic (FI) Customizing paths.

Hint: Tohelpyoufindyourwayaround,theclassicfinancialaccounting

pathswillinitiallyremainavailableintheirpresentform.

Onceyouhavebecomefamiliarwiththepathsfornewgeneralledgeraccounting,

youcanruntheprogramRFAGL_SWAP_IMG_OLD(acrosstheentiresystem)to

hide the classic financial accounting paths.

Activatingthenewgeneralledgeralsomakesseveralnewnodesavailableinthe

application and the SAP Easy Access menu, in addition to the existing menu

paths. If at somepoint youonlywant to see and workwith the newpaths, the

obsoletepathscanbehiddenwiththeprogramRFAGL_SWAP_MENU_OLD.

Caution: Activating new general ledger accounting not only affects

themenuentries- asmallnumberofclassicfunctionsandtransactions

cannot be executed any more either.

Note: ThescreenshotshownherewasmadeusingtheEnjoySAPGUI.

ThetrainermaybeusingadifferentGUIinthecourse.

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Figure 8: Ledger Definition

Thedefinitionofadditionalcurrenciesislocatedunder: Customizing: Financial

Accounting(New)→FinancialAccountingGlobalSettings(New)→Ledgers→

Ledgers→DefineCurrenciesof LeadingLedger

Theassignmentofthefiscalyearvariantandthevariantofpostingperiodsto

theleadingledgerislocatedunder: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)

→FinancialAccountingGlobalSettings(New)→Ledgers →FiscalYearand

Posting Periods

Inadditiontotheleadingledger,youcanalsodefineother,non-leadingledgers-

see the subsequent unit Parallel Accounting.

Ifdesired,thenon-leadingledgerscanthenbeassignedotherfiscalyearvariants

thatdifferfromtheleadingledgerorothervariantsofthepostingperiods.

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Figure 9: Totals Table FAGLFLEXT

In the totals table of the new general ledger (=> FAGLFLEXT) more entities

/ characteristics / fields can be updated than was possible in the classic totals

table (=> GLT0).

Examplesofnewstandardfieldsinthegeneralledgertotalstableinclude:

• Profit Center

• Segment

• Functional Area

• Trading Partner

• Consolidation Transaction Type

ThetotalstableFAGLFLEXTcanbeextendedtoincludeadditionalfields–both

existingSAP fieldsand customer-definedfields.

Toaddcustomer-definedfieldstothetotalstableyoumustfirstaddthemtothe

accountassignment blockCI_COBL(=>Customizingtransaction Edit Coding

Block).

Caution: Pleasedonottestwithinthecourse,norwithoutconsulting

thetrainer, thoseadditionalfieldsaddedtothetotalstable, asnoother

transactionscanbeperformedduringthisfieldaddingprocess.

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Figure 10: Scenarios – Definition and Assignment

Withthefieldsupdatedbythescenarios, correspondingbusinessfactscanbe

mapped–forexampleasegmentreportingorthemappingofaprofitandloss

statement based oncost of salesaccounting, ....

The available scenarios are to be found in Customizing under: Financial

Accounting(New)→FinancialAccountingGlobalSettings(New)→Ledgers→

Fields→DisplayScenariosforGeneralLedgerAccounting

Caution: Youcannotdefineyour ownscenarios.

The provided scenarios are assigned to the ledgers in Customizing: Financial

Accounting(New)→FinancialAccountingGlobalSettings(New)→Ledgers→

Ledger→AssignScenariosandCustomerFieldstoLedgers

Hint: Aledgercanbeassignedonescenario,severalscenarios,oreven

all six scenarios at once.

Thedecisionastohowmanyscenariostoassigndependssolelyonwhich

“facts”/“businessaspects”youwant tomapinthenewgeneralledger

accounting.

Therefore: Youdonotneedoneledgerforeachscenario.

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Youdonotnecessarilyhavetodefineoneormultiplenon-leadingledgersalong

with the leading ledger, which means scenarios do not have to be assigned

to non-leading ledgers either. Non-leading ledgers are particularly useful for

mappingdifferentaccountingprinciples. Formoredetailedinformation,seethe

subsequent unit Parallel Accounting.

Figure 11: Entry View and General Ledger View

Figure 12: Scenarios – Assignmentand Functions (1)

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Ingeneral,youwillnoticethatnothinghaschangedfortheuserforentering

an FI document. As a result, thedocument inthe entry viewlooks like that in

the document display(=>transaction codeFB03) intheclassicgeneral ledger

accounting.

Thedependencieshavealsoremainedthesame. Forexample:

• Account Purchased Services (=> 417000) is defined as a primary cost

element in CO and therefore requires a CO-relevant account assignment

when being entered.

• TheCOobject(forexample,thatofacostcenter)isusedtoderivetheprofit

center characteristicand the functional area.

• NewwithERP:Theprofitcentercharacteristiccannowbeusedtoderive

the segment characteristic.

Figure 13: Scenarios – Assignment and Functions (2)

Hint: If the corresponding scenarios are not assigned, no entities /

characteristicsaretransferredto thegeneral ledger view andtherefore

not into the tables of the new general ledger either (=> totals table

FAGLFLEXT andlineitemtableFAGLFLEXA).

Effectsof amissingscenarioassignment: If youcallupabalancesheet(and

/or a profit and loss statement), you would see the amount EUR 50.00 on the

Purchased Services account. It would be impossible, however, to allocate the

bookkeeping transaction to a business area, a functional area, a profit center,

or to any other entity.

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Caution: InAC210,thescenarioassignmentwaschanged(morethan

once) in Customizing for training purposes. However, note that

inpractice, if yousubsequentlychangetheassignmentofscenarios

or customer fields to a ledger in general ledger accounting in a

productive system, this may lead to major inconsistencies during

documentprocessing. Deletingthistypeof assignmentmayalsolead

toinconsistencies. Thereforearelevantwarningmessageappearsifyou

make changes in Customizing.

Figure 14: Scenarios – Assignmentand Functions (3)

Asthescenarios costofsalesaccountingandprofit centerupdateareassigned

toleadingledger0L, thesetwo entitiesareupdatedtothe(new) generalledger

accountingandaredisplayedinthegeneralledgerview.

The cost center field, for example, is not updated or displayed in the general

ledger view, because the “cost center update” scenario has not been assigned

to the leading ledger.

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Caution: However,theassignmentofscenariosdoesnotresultina“zero

balancesetting”foraselectedentity–theexampleoftheprofitcenter(=>

column PC) illustrates this:

• Itisnot(yet)possibletocreateacompleteprofitcenterbalancesheet

(forprofitcenter1402,forexample),becausetheprofitcenterhas

not(yet)beeninheritedtopostinglines2and3.

• Toachievethis, documentsplittingmustalsobeconfiguredand

activated-seethefollowingunitDocumentSplitting.

Note: Please remember: In course AC210, the scenario assignment

was changed (more than once) in Customizing for training purposes.

However,notethatinpractice,ifyousubsequentlychangetheassignment

ofscenariosorcustomerfieldstoaledgeringeneralledgeraccounting

in a productive system, this may lead to major inconsistencies during

documentprocessing. Deletingthistypeofassignmentcanalsoleadto

inconsistencies.

ArelevantwarningmessageappearsifyoumakechangesinCustomizing.

Figure15: TheNewSegmentCharacteristic-DefinitionandUsage

Segmentsshould/canbeusedtomeettherequirementsofinternationalaccounting

principles(=>IAS/IFRS/US-GAAP)regarding“segmentreporting”.

ThebusinessareaorprofitcenterSAPstandardobjectscanalso(still)beusedas

alternatives.

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

ThesegmentcharacteristicisalsoprovidedwiththeSAPERPsolutionbecause

thebusinessareaand/orprofitcenterwerefrequentlyusedforotherpurposesin

thepastincompanies, andtherebymeetotherrequirements.

Note: Extractfrom IFRS8: BUSINESS SEGMENTS - 5. Abusiness

segment is an area of a company

• ... a)thatcarriesoutbusinessactivitiesthatgeneraterevenuesandfor

whichexpensescanbeincurred(includingrevenuesandexpensesin

connectionwithtransactionswithotherareasofthesamecompany),

• ... b) whoseoperatingprofitsareregularlyinspectedby themain

decision-makerofthecompanywithregardtodecisionsaboutthe

allocation of resources to this segment and the evaluation of its

profitability, and

• ... c)forwhichthereiscorrespondingfinancialinformation.

Figure16: DerivationoftheSegmentfromtheProfitCenterMasterRecord

AnECCsystemenablesyoutosaveasegmentinthemasterdataofaprofitcenter.

Thesegmentispostedtoautomaticallywhentheprofitcenterispostedto.

Note: There is no “dummysegment posting”, asin the (classic) profit

centerlogic-iftheprofitcenterorthedummyprofitcenterdoesnothavea

segmentinthemasterdata,thereisnosegmentaccountassignmenteither.

ThestandardmethodrecommendedbySAPistoderivethesegmentfromthe

profit center master record.

Customers can program their own derivation solutions using a user

exit (more precisely, a BAdI): The definition name of the BAdI is:

FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT.

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Substitutions (=> comparable with the previous usage of the characteristic

functional area) can also be used to enrich the segment. However, SAP does

not recommend this method for deriving segments- please also seeSAP Note

1035140.

Hint: FormaintainingprofitcentersinotherSAP(masterdata)objects,

please see Note 1057674.

However,thederivationofthecharacteristicprofitcenterfromotherSAP

modulesisalsodealtwithinSAPstandardcourses:

• IncourseAC610(=>ProfitCenterAccountingwithClassicGeneral

Ledger) or

• IncourseAC612(=>ProfitCenterAccountingwithNewGeneral

Ledger Accounting).

Figure 17: Derivation of a Segment - Overview

Inthestandardsystem,theentitysegmentisderivedfromthecharacteristicprofit

centerbecausethisalreadyexistsinvariousSAPobjects,andthecharacteristic

segment can bederived automatically fromthis.

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Ifitisnotpossibletoderivethecharacteristicsegmentfromaprofitcentermaster

record,otherwaysmustbefoundofassigningasegment-theoptionsavailable

are:

• Manual Entry

• BAdIimplemetation(=>BAdI:FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT)

• Defining substitution rules

and a

• standard account assignment, available in connection with the document

splitting.

In addition to the BAdI FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT, there is also the BAdI

FAGL_DERIVE_PSEGMENTforderivingthepartnersegment.

Figure18: DisplayingtheSegmentCharacteristicinanFIDocument

Assignment of the scenarios: Financial Accounting (New) → Financial

AccountingGlobalSettings(New)→Ledgers→Ledger→AssignScenariosand

Customer Fields to Ledgers

Definitionofthesegments: Customizing: EnterpriseStructure→Definition→

Financial Accounting → Define Segment

Maintainingasegmentinaprofitcenter: Application: Accounting→Financial

Accounting→General Ledger→MasterData→Profit Center→Individual

Processing→Change. Alternatively,youcanstilluseControllingtomaintaina

profitcentermasterrecordintheSAPEasyAccessMenu.

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Caution: If a customer does not use Profit Center Accounting, for

example,aBAdImakesotherderivationstrategiespossible-seealsothe

descriptions of the previous figures.

Maintain thefieldstatus variant –thefastest method(as of releaseR/3 4.6):

Transaction FBKP or Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) -> Financial

AccountingGlobalSettings(New)->Ledgers->Fields->DefineFieldStatus

Variants

Maintainthefieldstatusofthepostingkey–thefastestmethod(asof release

R/3 4.6): Transaction FBKP or Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) ->

FinancialAccountingGlobalSettings(New)->Document->DefinePostingKeys

* If the field status is not defined as described here, postings are still made to

thesegment tablefield, but this tablefield cannot bedisplayed or editedinthe

coding block.

Figure 19: Activating Business Functions

BusinessfunctionFIN_GL_CI_1wassuppliedwithEhP3(=>in2008).

BusinessfunctionFIN_GL_CI_2wassuppliedwithEhP4(=>in2009).

Caution: Business function FIN_GL_CI_2 cannot be used without

activatingbusiness function FIN_GL_CI_1.

第 35 页 / 共 337 页

AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Caution: You cannot deactivate a business function once you have

activated it.

Hint: InthefutureSAPwillcontinuetoprovideyouwithfurtherbusiness

functions in enhancement packages (=> EhPs), and these business

functionswillgraduallyaddtothefunctionsofthenewgeneralledger

accounting.

Youcan seewhich enhancement package (if any) you are working with in the

component information for your system: In your SAP system, chooseSystem

-> Status. In the dialog box that appears, choose the magnifying glass in the

screenareaSAPSystemdata. NowsearchfortheentrySAP_APPLintheSoftware

Componentscolumn. If youarealready usingEhP4, for example, theRelease

columnwillcontaintheentry604. Ifyouhavenotyetimportedanyenhancement

packages,theReleasecolumnwillcontaintheentry600.

Note: TransactionSFW5providesdocumentation,releaseinformation

andatestcatalogforeach businessfunction.

There are enhancement packages only for the SAP ERP 6.0 solution. This

“concept” does not exist for mySAP ERP 2004.

Advantagesof theEhP andbusinessfunctionlogic:

• Youcan usetheoption of not having to activateall business functionsto

select new functions specifically.

• Youcanthenactivatethenewfunctionswhenyouneedthemand/orwhen

you have more time.

• You can restrict (system) tests to precisely those new functions without

havingtoworryaboutotherexistingfunctions/processesbeingaffectedby

this. Thisgreatlyreducesthetimeinvolvedininstallingthefunctions.

• Enhancementpackagesareprovidedtoyoufreeofcharge.

• TheEhPlogicwillbecontinuedforanumberofyears(probablyonayearly

basis).

FormoreinformationonEhPsgoto: www.sap.com→Largeenterprises→

SAPBusinessSuite→choosethe“enhancementpackages”linkinthetext.

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Figure 20: Profit CenterAssignment –Transaction 1KE4

Youcanfindtransaction1KE4intheSAPEasyAccessmenuunder: Accounting

→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger→MasterRecords→ProfitCenter

→ Current Settings →Assignment Overview

Note: WiththeimprovementsinEhP4, transaction1KE4isnowmuch

easiertounderstandandthereforemoreuser-friendly. Youcanquickly

recognizewhichSAPobjectsdonothaveaprofitcenterassignment.

YoucanjumpfromtheresultslistsofthetransactiontotheindividualSAPobjects

(=>for example, cost centers) tothenmaintaina profit center for them, if you

desire*.

Hint: *Subsequentprofit center maintenancemay not be possiblefor

objectsalreadyposted-pleasereadNote1057674.

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Exercise 1: Configuration of New General

Ledger Accounting

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• ... Activateandconfigurethenewgeneralledgeraccounting.

• ... Understandwhatthenewgeneralledgeraccountingscenariosare.

• ... Knowhow tocreateand derive segments.

• ... Differentiate between the entry view and the general ledger viewof a

financial accounting document.

Business Example

You want to learn about and check thebasicsettings that must be madein the

new general ledger accounting

Task:

Checking and understanding basic settings:

1. Calluptheactivationswitchforthenewgeneralledgeraccountingandmake

surethe newgeneral ledger hasbeen activated.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the current

system configuration.

2. Whichtransactioncanyouusetocalluptheactivationswitch?

3. What does FAGL stand for?

4. ChecktheCustomizingsettingstofindouttheIDoftheleadingledger.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the current

system configuration.

5. In which totalstable are thevalues of the new general ledger accounting

written?

6. Check the “new” IMG paths to find out which fiscal year variant your

companycodeAA##usesandwhichfieldstatusvariantisassignedtoyour

company code AA##.

Continued on next page

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Caution: Inallfutureexercises,thetwohashkeys(=>##)standfor

your two-digit group number.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the current

system configuration.

7. Whichscenarioshavealreadybeenassignedtoleadingledger0L(byyour

trainer)?

Hint: Thisisaalsotestexercise–pleasedonotchangethecurrent

system configuration.

8. CreateanewsegmentandenterSEG##asthedescription. Call thenew

characteristic Segment Group ##.

9. Next, create a profit center with the description PC##. As a template

pleaseuseprofitcenter1000incontrollingarea1000. Pleasemaintainthe

following data for the profit center:

AnalysisPeriod: 01/01/1999 to 12/31/9999

Name: PC Group ##

Long Text: Profit Center Group ##

PersonRespons.: Group ##

Department: Training

HierarchyArea: H9500 (Training)

Segment: Your new segment SEG## from the previous

exercise

Activate your new profit center.

10. CallcostcenterT-F05A##inchangemodeandmakesurethatitisassigned

toyour companycodeAA##. Replacetheexistingprofitcenterwiththe

profit center you just created, PC##. Answer the warning / information

message with Yes. Save your changes.

11. Nowcreatethevendor210##inyourcompanycodeAA##.

Hint: Youleavetheaccountgroupempty,andasthetemplateyou

selectvendor1000in companycode1000.

Fillinalltherequiredfieldswiththeaddressdataandsaveyourdata.

Continued on next page

第 39 页 / 共 337 页

AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

12. Before the first posting, check whether the cost center, the profit center

characteristic,andthesegmentcharacteristicaredefinedas“Optional”inthe

fieldstatusgroupofaccount417000(=>PurchasedServices)incompany

code AA##.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the current

system configuration.

13. Now create a vendor invoice for the services you purchased with the

following data:

Company Code: AA##

Vendor: 210##

InvoiceandPostingDate: Today's date

Amount: 4.400,– €

CalculateTaxindicator: Set

Tax Code: 1I (=>10%input tax)

Text: 1st AC210 posting

G/L Account: 417000

Amount indoc. curr.: 4,400 € or simply “*”

CO-relevantaccountassignment: Cost center T-F05A##

Simulate and save theposting document.

14. Nowdisplaythedocument. Changethelayoutintheentryviewsuchthat

thecostcenter,profitcenter,andsegmentcharacteristicsaredisplayed. Save

thislayoutwiththenameL1foraspecificuser. Ifyouwant,youcanalso

saveyournewlayoutasthedefaultsetting. Ifyoudoso,layoutL1willbe

startedautomaticallywheneveryoucallupadocument.

15. Nowswitchtothegeneralledgerviewforyourdocument. Dependingon

whichnewgeneralledgerscenariosareassignedtotheleadingledger,you

canalsosee(intheexpenseitem)thecharacteristicscostcenter,profitcenter

andsegmentinthegeneralledgerviewforthedocument.

16. After you enter and analyze the vendor invoice, go back to the master

recordforthecostcenterT-F05A##. Trytochangetheprofitcenterstored

there- for example, back to theentry1402.

Caution: However,thisexerciseonlyworksifthescenarioProfit

CenterUpdate(=>FIN_PCA)isassignedtotheleadingledger.

Continued on next page

第 40 页 / 共 337 页

Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

After you confirm the information message, the system issues an error

messageinformingyouthatyoucannolongerchangetheprofitcenter(in

the standard system).

Youcandouble-clicktheerrormessagetofindoutwhyyouarenotallowed

tomakeyourchange: “YouwanttochangetheprofitcenterfromXXXXto

YYYY. This isnot allowed because transaction dataalready exists for the

accountassignmentobject. Inthiscase, inconsistenciesinFImayariseif

you change the profit center.”

Hint: Pleasedonottrytochangetheerrormessageintoawarning

message. Eventhoughthisoptionisdescribedinthelongtextofthe

message, you should not avail of it.

Notethatyoucanchangetheerrormessage. However,inAC210,all

groupsshouldhavethechancetoviewtheerrormessage.

Note: Inexercise10,thesystemdoesnotissuetheerrormessage,

andyouareabletochangetheprofitcenterinthemasterdataforthe

costcenterbecausenotransactiondatahasbeenenteredforthecost

centeryet. Thismeansthattheoptionforchangingprofitcentersin

COmasterdata(andmaterialmasterrecords)dependsonwhether

transactionshavebeenpostedtotheCOobject(forexample,cost

center, order or WBS element).

InSAPNote1057674,youwillfindtwofurtherconditionsthat

mustbefulfilledsothattheerrormessageappears:

• The new G/L must be active.

• The scenario Profit Center Update (=>FIN_PCA) must be

assigned.

第 41 页 / 共 337 页

AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Solution 1: Configuration of New General

Ledger Accounting

Task:

Checking and understanding basic settings:

1. Calluptheactivationswitchforthenewgeneralledgeraccountingandmake

surethe newgeneral ledger hasbeen activated.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the current

system configuration.

a) Customizing: FinancialAccounting→FinancialAccountingGlobal

Settings→ActivateNewGeneralLedgerAccounting. Asyourtrainer

hasalreadyactivatedthenewgeneralledgeraccounting,thecheckmark

isalreadythere-itcanonlybesetonceforeachclient.

2. Whichtransactioncanyouusetocalluptheactivationswitch?

a) Transaction FAGL_ACTIVATION

3. What does FAGL stand for?

a) Financial Accounting General Ledger

4. ChecktheCustomizingsettingstofindouttheIDoftheleadingledger.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the current

system configuration.

a) Customizing: FinancialAccounting(New)→FinancialAccounting

Global Settings(New)→Ledgers →Ledger→DefineLedgersfor

GeneralLedgerAccountingAnswer: TheIDis0L.

5. In which totalstable are thevalues of the new general ledger accounting

written?

a) Customizing: FinancialAccounting(New)→FinancialAccounting

Global Settings(New)→Ledgers →Ledger→DefineLedgersfor

GeneralLedgerAccountingAnswer: ThetotalstableisFAGLFLEXT

6. Check the “new” IMG paths to find out which fiscal year variant your

companycodeAA##usesandwhichfieldstatusvariantisassignedtoyour

company code AA##.

Continued on next page

第 42 页 / 共 337 页

Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Caution: Inallfutureexercises,thetwohashkeys(=>##)standfor

your two-digit group number.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the current

system configuration.

a) Fiscal year variant: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) →

FinancialAccountingGlobalSettings(New)→Ledgers→FiscalYear

andPostingPeriods→AssignCompanyCodetoaFiscalYearVariant

Answer: YourcompanycodeAA##hasfiscalyearvariantK4

b) Field status variant: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) →

FinancialAccountingGlobalSettings(New)→Ledgers→Fields→

AssignCompanyCodetoFieldStatusVariantsAnswer: Yourcompany

code AA## hasfieldstatusvariant 1000

7. Whichscenarioshavealreadybeenassignedtoleadingledger0L(byyour

trainer)?

Hint: Thisisaalsotestexercise–pleasedonotchangethecurrent

system configuration.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting(New) →FinancialAccounting

BasicSettings(New)→Ledgers→Ledger→AssignScenariosand

Customer Fields to Ledgers.

b) Select ledger 0L and double-click to select the Scenarios entry in

thedialogstructure. At most, youmay seethefollowing(standard)

scenarios - if your trainer (perhaps for training purposes) has not

selected all the scenarios, you will not (of course) seethescenarios

not selected in this transaction:

• Cost center update

• Preparation for consolidation

• Business area

• Profit center update

• Segmentation

• Cost of sales accounting

Continued on next page

第 43 页 / 共 337 页

AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

8. CreateanewsegmentandenterSEG##asthedescription. Call thenew

characteristic Segment Group ##.

a) Customizing: Enterprise Structure → Definition → Financial

Accounting → Define Segment

b) Createanewentryasdescribedintheexercise.

9. Next, create a profit center with the description PC##. As a template

pleaseuseprofitcenter1000incontrollingarea1000. Pleasemaintainthe

following data for the profit center:

AnalysisPeriod: 01/01/1999 to 12/31/9999

Name: PC Group ##

Long Text: Profit Center Group ##

PersonRespons.: Group ##

Department: Training

HierarchyArea: H9500 (Training)

Segment: Your new segment SEG## from the previous

exercise

Activate your new profit center.

a) Onepossiblesolution: Customizing: EnterpriseStructure→Definition

→FinancialAccounting→DefineProfitCenter

b) Inthedialogbox,chooseEC-PCA:Createprofitcenter.

c) Createanewentryusingatemplateprofitcenter,asdescribedinthe

exercise.

10. CallcostcenterT-F05A##inchangemodeandmakesurethatitisassigned

toyourcompanycodeAA##. Replacetheexistingprofit centerwiththe

profit center you just created, PC##. Answer the warning / information

message with Yes. Save your changes.

a) SAPEasyAccessmenu→Accounting→Controlling→CostCenter

Accounting→MasterData→CostCenter→IndividualProcessing

→ Change

11. Nowcreatethevendor210##inyourcompanycodeAA##.

Hint: Youleavetheaccountgroupempty,andasthetemplateyou

select vendor1000 incompanycode1000.

Continued on next page