AC210_EN_Col92_FV_Part_A4 (第2页) | ERP软件技术分享

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Fillinalltherequiredfieldswiththeaddressdataandsaveyourdata.

a) SAP Easy Accessmenu →Accounting →Financial Accounting→

AccountsPayable→MasterRecords→Create

b) Createanewentryusingatemplate,asdescribedintheexercise.

12. Before the first posting, check whether the cost center, theprofit center

characteristic,andthesegmentcharacteristicaredefinedas“Optional”inthe

fieldstatusgroupofaccount417000(=>PurchasedServices)incompany

code AA##.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the current

system configuration.

a) SAP Easy Accessmenu →Accounting →Financial Accounting→

General Ledger→ Master Records→ G/L Accounts → Individual

Processing → Centrally

b) Enteraccount417000andcompanycodeAA##.

c) SelectCreate/Bank/Interestonthetabpage.

d) Double-clicktheentryintheentryfieldFieldStatusGroup(=>G033)

e) Thendouble-clickthegroupAdditionalAccountAssignments

f) Findtheappropriateaccountassignmentsinthetabledisplayed.

Hint: Youmayhaveto“scroll”downtoseetheSegmentfield.

13. Now create a vendor invoice for the services you purchased with the

following data:

Company Code: AA##

Vendor: 210##

InvoiceandPostingDate: Today's date

Amount: 4.400,– €

CalculateTaxindicator: Set

Tax Code: 1I (=>10% input tax)

Text: 1st AC210 posting

G/L Account: 417000

Amount indoc. curr.: 4,400 € or simply “*”

CO-relevantaccountassignment: Cost centerT-F05A##

Continued on next page

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Simulate and save theposting document.

a) SAP EasyAccessmenu →Accounting →Financial Accounting→

AccountsPayable→DocumentEntry→Invoice

b) Enterthemissingdataasdescribedintheexercisetext.

c) ChoosetheDocument→Simulatemenubartosimulatethedocument.

14. Nowdisplaythedocument. Changethelayoutintheentryviewsuchthat

thecostcenter,profitcenter,andsegmentcharacteristicsaredisplayed. Save

thislayoutwiththenameL1foraspecificuser. Ifyouwant,youcanalso

saveyournewlayoutasthedefaultsetting. Ifyoudoso,layoutL1willbe

startedautomaticallywheneveryoucallupadocument.

a) One solution: Stay on the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and choose

Document → Display.

b) From the dropdown list for the Choose Layout pushbutton, choose

Change Layout…. Also display the three described fields /

characteristics.

c) From the dropdown list for the Choose Layout pushbutton, choose

Save Layout….

15. Nowswitchtothegeneralledgerviewforyourdocument. Dependingon

whichnewgeneralledgerscenariosareassignedtotheleadingledger,you

canalsosee(intheexpenseitem)thecharacteristicscostcenter,profitcenter

andsegmentinthegeneralledgerviewforthedocument.

a) Go back to the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and choose Document

→ Display.

b) Choose General Ledger View

16. After you enter and analyze the vendor invoice, go back to the master

recordforthecostcenterT-F05A##. Trytochangetheprofitcenterstored

there- for example, back to theentry1402.

Caution: However,thisexerciseonlyworksifthescenarioProfit

CenterUpdate(=>FIN_PCA)isassignedtotheleadingledger.

After you confirm the information message, the system issues an error

messageinformingyouthatyoucannolongerchangetheprofitcenter(in

the standard system).

Continued on next page

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Unit2: LedgerDefinition AC210

Youcandouble-clicktheerrormessagetofindoutwhyyouarenotallowed

tomakeyourchange: “YouwanttochangetheprofitcenterfromXXXXto

YYYY. This isnot allowed because transaction dataalready exists for the

accountassignmentobject. Inthiscase, inconsistenciesinFImayariseif

you change the profit center.”

Hint: Pleasedonottrytochangetheerrormessageintoawarning

message. Eventhoughthisoptionisdescribedinthelongtextofthe

message, you should not avail of it.

Notethatyoucanchangetheerrormessage. However,inAC210,all

groupsshouldhavethechancetoviewtheerrormessage.

Note: Inexercise10,thesystemdoesnotissuetheerrormessage,

andyouareabletochangetheprofitcenterinthemasterdataforthe

costcenterbecausenotransactiondatahasbeenenteredforthecost

centeryet. Thismeansthattheoptionforchangingprofitcentersin

COmasterdata(andmaterialmasterrecords)dependsonwhether

transactionshavebeenpostedtotheCOobject(forexample,cost

center, order or WBS element).

InSAPNote1057674,youwillfindtwofurtherconditionsthat

mustbefulfilledsothattheerrormessageappears:

• The new G/L must be active.

• The scenario Profit Center Update (=>FIN_PCA) must be

assigned.

a) Selectthecostcentermasterdatatomakethechange: SAPEasyAccess

menu → Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting →

MasterData→CostCenter→IndividualProcessing→Change

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AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• ... Activate the new general ledger

• ... Describe the importance of scenarios

• ... Differentiatebetweentheentryviewandthegeneralledgerview

• ... Define and derive segments

• ... Be familiar with the business functions provided by enhancement

packages3and4(=>EhP3andEhP4)forthenewG/Laccounting

• ... Understandthelogicofthebusinessfunctionsandknowhowtoactivate

them

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UnitSummary AC210

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• ... Activate the new general ledger

• ... Describe the importance of scenarios

• ... Differentiatebetweentheentryviewandthegeneralledgerview

• ... Define and derive segments

• ... Be familiar with the business functions provided by enhancement

packages3and4(=>EhP3andEhP4)forthenewG/Laccounting

• ... Understandthelogicofthebusinessfunctionsandknowhowtoactivate

them

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Unit 3

Document Splitting

Unit Overview

An important newfunction of the new G/L isdocument splitting. It enablesa

balancesheetononeormorecharacteristicsbelowthecompanycodelevel. The

standard SAP characteristics which can be used for this are the profit center,

the business area, and/or the segment. Balance sheets for customer-specific

characteristics are also possible.

The system enables you to define/configure how “exact” your characteristic

balancesheetsshouldbe. Themost exactoptionisa“completebalancesheet”

for one characteristic or for several characteristics. “Complete balance sheet”

means that the system does not permit FI postings that are not cleared at the

characteristic level.

Hint: Inthisway,documentsplittingprovidesyouwiththeopportunityto

improveyourFIdatasignificantlycomparedtotheclassicG/L.

Documentsplittingoffersoptimumsupportinthesystemfortheinternationally

increasinglyimportant topicof“segment reporting”

Possiblenegativeaspectsofdocumentsplittingaretherelativelycomplexsystem

configurationrequiredandthechangestoprocessflowsthatmayberequiredin

certain cases.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• ... Explainthemotivationandtheorybehinddocumentsplitting

• ... UnderstandandexplainthebasicCustomizingofdocumentsplitting

• ... Enterandexplainexamplepostingswithdocumentsplitting

Unit Contents

Lesson: Document Splitting ....................................................40

Exercise 2: Document Splitting - Activation and Tests .................59

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Lesson: Document Splitting

Lesson Overview

• Motivation for document splitting

• Defining document splitting characteristics

• Activating the document splitting

• Steps involved in document splitting

• The logic of (standard) splitting rules

• The passive split

• Inheritingandusingconstantsindocumentsplitting

• Example postingswith document splitting

• Support(=>wizards)inthedocumentsplittingconfiguration

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• ... Explainthemotivationandtheorybehinddocumentsplitting

• ... UnderstandandexplainthebasicCustomizingofdocumentsplitting

• ... Enterandexplainexamplepostingswithdocumentsplitting

Business Example

Perhapsinviewofinternationalrequirementsrelatingtosegmentreporting,you

want to improvethequality of your data on level(s) belowthe company code.

However, this should not generally alter the working methods in the business

departments.

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure 21: Document Splitting – Motivation

Thesystemrequirementscanbeeven“simpler”–theredonotnecessarilyhave

to be different segment assignments in the expense lines. The first tasks in

documentsplittingarethatinasingularaccountassignmentposting,theliability

andtaxitems(alsointhegeneralledgerview) aregiventhe“segmentaccount

assignment” of the expenses item. Only then can a clean / complete segment

balance statement be created.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Figure 22: Assumptions for Document Splitting

In the figure, a tax rate of 10% is assumed.

Figure 23: StepsInvolved in Document Splitting (+Note)

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

In “clearing situations”, the result of passive document splitting is that the

relationship of the account assignments in the clearing document (=> for

example, apayment document)isidenticaltotherelationshipoftheaccount

assignmentsinthereferencedocument(forexample,inaninvoicedocument).

Thelogicbehindthesplittingrulesoftheactivedocumentsplittingisexplained

in the following pages / figures.

Clearing lines are always formedwhen values have to be reposted between

differentaccountassignmentobjects,forexample: Transferpostingfromprofit

centerAtoprofitcenterB.Theclearinglinesensurethatnotonlythedocument

itself is cleared, but also the additional dimensions / characteristics (=> for

example, businessarea, segment, or profit center).

Hint: Between process steps two and three, document splitting is

“supported” by two things:

• Inheritance

• Default account assignment

Caution: The system always processes document splitting in the

sequence shown on the slide.

Hint: SAP Note 1085921 describes document splitting in detail and

containsvariousPDFattachmentswithexamples.

Figure 24: DocumentSplitting Characteristics (forFI)

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

You can define the splitting characteristics in Customizing as follows:

Customizing: FinancialAccounting(New)→GeneralLedgerAccounting(New)

→BusinessTransactions →DocumentSplitting→DefineDocumentSplitting

CharacteristicsforGeneral Ledger Accounting

The system proposes logical document splitting characteristics based on the

assigned scenarios. If you elect to use additional splitting characteristics, you

should/mustmanagethesecharacteristicsinatleastoneledger.

Hint: Always set the zero balance indicator if you want to create a

(complete)financialstatementforthecharacteristic. Thebalanceofthe

entitiesthusindicatedisthenalwayszeroforeachposting. Tocreatea

(complete) financial statement for acharacteristic, aside fromthezero

balance indicator, you also (always) require the Required entry field

indicator.

Caution: Therefore, either both indicators are set or both are not

set, depending on the requirementsor purpose you havein mind for a

characteristic.

TheRequiredentryfieldindicator hastwomeanings:

• Firstly, it is an extension of the field status for accounts in which the

characteristicscannotbe“entered”duringdocumententry,andforaccounts

that cannot be controlled using the field status. Example: Vendor lines

should always include the profit center or segment characteristic. If the

indicator isset there can beno posting line without the corresponding

characteristic (in the general ledger view).

• Secondly,itisa(technical)checkastowhetherabusinessprocess-equivalent

businesstransactionvariantwasused(whichdetermineswhetherasplitting

rule can be found).

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure 25: Activating Document Splitting

Document splitting is activated in Customizing for the new general ledger

accounting: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General Ledger

Accounting(New)→BusinessTransactions→DocumentSplitting→Activate

Document Splitting

Thestandardsplittingmethod0000000012istheonesuppliedandrecommended

by SAP.

It ishighly recommended toactivate the inheritance, asthissupports you in

postingsimpledocumentswithactivesplitting, withoutanyotherCustomizing

activities.

Caution: However,aconditionforactivatedinheritanceisthecomplete

andprecisemaintenanceoftheSAPmasterdatayouareusing. Ifyoudo

notperformthis,theinheritancecancreateincorrectcharacteristicaccount

assignmentsinyourpostings. Thisisexplainedinmoredetaillater.

Touseadefaultaccountassignment,youmustfirstcreate/defineaconstant:

Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General Ledger Accounting

(New) → Business Transactions → Document Splitting → Edit Constants for

NonassignedProcesses. Thisisexplainedinmoredetaillater.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Figure 26: Rule-Based Document Splitting

The entitiesdefinedasdocument splitting characteristicsareprojected / split /

transferredintonon-account-assignedposting lines.

Asyoucanseeontheslide,thebalanceoftheselectedcharacteristicsiszero.

Inthisexampleofactivedocumentsplitting,thevendorandtaxlines(=>items1

and4)inthegeneral ledgerviewaresplitaccordingtotheexpenselines/base

itemcategoryexpense(=>items2and3;expenseaccounts477000and417000).

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure 27: Simulating the General Ledger View

AsoftheSAPERP 6.0solution, youcansimulatenotonlytheentry viewbut

also the general ledger view before posting.

Inthisway,youcananalyzeearlierandmorepreciselyanyerrorthatwouldlead

toatermination(=>error message) of theposting.

Youcanthenusetheexpertmodetoviewthedetaileddataofdocumentsplitting-

see one of the following figures.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Figure 28: Active Document Splitting - Splitting Logic

Briefly,asplittingprocedureisthetotalofallsplittingrules. Thus,thesplitting

procedureusesthesplittingrulestodefinehowan(FI)document istobesplit.

Moreprecisely,thismeansthateachsplittingprocedureorruledefineshowthe

individualitemscategoriesshould/maybedealtwithintheindividualbusiness

transactions.

Abusinesstransactionisageneralbreakdownofanactualbusinessprocessthat

SAPprovides,andthatisassignedawidevarietyofitemcategories. Separate/

customer-specificbusinesstransactionscannotbedefined.

Abusinesstransactionvariantisaspecificversionofthepredefinedbusiness

transaction provided by SAP and the (technical) mapping of a real business

processfor documentsplitting. Separatebusinesstransactionvariantscan(and

perhaps must) be defined.

Anitemcategoryisa(technical)mappingofthepostedlineitems. Itdescribes

the itemsthat can / may appear within adocument (of a business transaction).

Some of them are derived from the balance types of the G/L accounts, but

otherwisethemustbedefined(manuallyforeachaccount). Definition: Theitem

categoryisthesemanticdescriptionofapostinglineforthedocumentsplit.

An individual splitting rule defines which item categories can / should be

split (=>itemcategoriestobeprocessed)andatthesametimedefineswhich

foundation(=>base)canbeused(=>baseitemcategories).

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure 29: DocumentSplitting– SplittingRuleDetailView

Theviewshownaboveisdisplayedwhenyouclicktheprintericonforanexplicit

splitting rule: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger

Accounting(New)→BusinessTransactions→DocumentSplitting→Extended

Document Splitting → Define Splitting Rule

Youcanalsocallthesplittingrules(directly)withtransactionGSP_RD.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Figure 30: Document Simulation – Expert Mode I

Figure 31: Document Simulation – Expert Mode II

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure32: PassiveDocumentSplitting-Follow-UpProcess1

Formoreinformationaboutcashdiscountreceivedlines,seetheIntegrationunit,

topic Online Distribution of Follow-UpCosts.

Figure33: PassiveDocumentSplitting-Follow-UpProcess2

In the vendor line item display, the payment document and original invoice

documentappear(afterthepayment)ascleareditems,asinpriorreleases.

Thesplittingrulesforapaymentofavendorinvoiceareprovidedinthestandard

SAP system.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Caution: If we assume that the invoice is not paid in full and, for

example,aresidualitemofEUR2,000remains,thiswouldcreateanew

vendor line item, and in thegeneral ledger view of thisdocument, the

vendoramountwould,inturn,besplit(passively)inaccordancewiththe

originalaccountassignmentrelationshipoftheinvoice.

Figure34: DocumentSplitting-Inheritance-ASimpleExample

TheInheritanceindicatorensuresthat,iftherelevantaccountassignmentobjects

areunique,theyare“inherited”tothecashdeskandtaxitems-evenif,orbecause,

theyarewithout acorrespondingsplitting rule.

ThustheInheritanceindicatorensuresazerobalancepositionforentitiesselected

forsplitting,ifthereisuniquecharacteristicaccountassignment,withoutrequiring

you to define any other system settings.

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure 35: Document Splitting -Zero Balance Creation

Possible reason for reposting: A vendor invoice was assigned to an incorrect

segmentandpaidwiththisincorrectsegment. Ifdesired,boththeexpenseandthe

vendoritemobviouslyneedtobecorrected(manually).

Hint: Zero balance creation is useful and necessary if you want to

createacompletebalancesheetfortherelevantcharacteristic-meaning

generallythatyouhavealsosettheRequiredentryfieldindicatorforthis

characteristic.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Figure 36: Document Splitting – Modeling

Whatarethereasonsfortheerrormessagewhenyouattempttopost?

• Norelevantbaseitemcategoryisdefinedfortheitemcategorycashaccount

(or the item category value-added tax) in the corresponding “business

transaction/businesstransactionvariantcombination”thatisassignedtothe

respectivedocumenttype(=>inthisexample,thedocumenttypeSA).

• The characteristic segment (or the characteristic profit center) cannot be

inheritedbecausetheaccountassignmentsarenotunique.

Caution: However, if postingwould only be successful if an existing

splitting rule were modified or a completely new rule defined, then a

separate/newsplittingmethodshouldalwaysbecreatedfirst,inwhich

thechangescanthenbemade-seethenextfigure.

Note: *EventhoughyouareusingthetransactionG/LAccountPosting

(=>transactioncodeFB50,apaymentprocessisactuallycarriedout. In

this case, assigning the payment business transaction should make the

document postable.

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure 37: Creatinga Customer-SpecificSplitting Method

Define splitting method: In Customizing for document splitting → Extended

Document Splitting →DefineSplitting Method

Copy standard splitting rules to the new splitting method: In Customizing for

documentsplittingExtendedDocumentSplitting→DefineSplittingRule

Assignthenewsplittingmethod: InCustomizingfordocumentsplittingExtended

Document Splitting →Assign Splitting Method

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Figure38: Wizardsin Combination withDocumentSplitting

The(first)WizardConfigureDocumentSplittingcontainsthefollowingsteps:

1. ClassifyG/LAccounts for Document Splitting

2. ClassifyDocumentTypesforDocumentSplitting

3. DefineDocumentSplittingCharacteristicsforGeneralLedgerAccounting

4. Define Zero-Balance Clearing Account

5. DefineDocumentSplittingCharacteristicsforControlling

6. DefinePost-CapitalizationofCashDiscounttoAssets

7. Edit Constants for Non-Assigned Processes

8. Activate Document Splitting

9. Check Customizing

The (first) Wizard can (also) be started (directly) with transaction code

FAGL_WZ_SPLIT_CONF.

The(second)WizardCreateDocumentSplittingRuleisexplainedindetailinthe

following figure.

Hint: However, detailed (and lengthy) knowledgeacquisitionon the

topic of document splitting is absolutely necessary in spite of the

Wizard.

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure 39: Creating the Modeling of a Document Splitting Rule with the

Wizard Document Splitting Rule

This Wizard can be started (directly) with transaction code

FAGL_WZ_NEW_RULE.

Youwillfindsteps3and4intheWizardundertheprocessstepDefinedocument

splitting rule.

* Legend for figure:

• BT/BTVcombination=businesstransaction/businesstransactionvariant

combination

• 0000/0001 = unspecified posting / standard

• 1000/0001 = payment / standard

• Item category: 04000: cash account

• Item category: 05100: value-added tax

• Item category: 20000: expense

• RFC = remote function call

Caution: TheWizardisonlyasupporttoolformodeling(unavoidable)

newbusinesstransactionvariantsordocumentsplittingrulesorrules. It

does not relieveyouof theresponsibility of testing your newruleand

checkingwhetherotherprocessesinyourcompanymightbe(negatively)

affected by the new rule.

Example: Whenyouassignanewruletoanexistingdocumenttype,you

musttestallprocessesthatareenteredwiththisdocumenttype.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Exercise 2: Document Splitting -

Activation and Tests

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• ... Understandandconfiguredocumentsplits. Youwillalsobeabletoenter

and analyze split documents.

Business Example

Perhapsinviewofinternationalrequirementsrelatingtosegmentreporting,you

want to improvethe quality of your data on level(s) below the company code.

However, this should not generally alter the working methods in the business

departments.

Task 1:

Performthefollowingexercisestogainanunderstandingofthelogicofdocument

splitting:

1. Check that at least the segment characteristic is defined as a “document

splitting characteristic of the G/L accounting”. The Zero balance and

Requiredentryfieldindicatorsmustbesetforthesegment.

Ifthisisnotthecase, pleaseinformyourinstructor.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the system

configuration.

2. WhenshouldyoudefinitelysettheZerobalanceandRequiredentryfield

indicators for a (or several) document splitting characteristic(s) in G/L

accounting selected by you?

3. Activatethedocument splittingfor your company codeAA##. Youcan

activate this for each company code.

Hint: If document splitting isactivated, all company codes(this

is a client-wide setting) use the document splitting method

0000000012 (=> splitting: like 0000000002 [follow-up costs

online])(alreadysetinthetrainingsystembytheinstructor).

Alsoensurethatinheritanceisactivated(=>alsoaclient-widedefinition).

Youdonotneedtosetthestandardaccountassignmentusingaconstant(yet).

Continued on next page

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

4. Nowenteravendorinvoiceforsparepartsyouhavepurchased, withthe

following data:

Company Code: AA##

Vendor: 210##

InvoiceandPostingDate: Today's date

Amount: € 2,200

Calculatetaxindicator: Set

Tax Code: 1I (=>10% input tax)

Text: PurchaseofSparePartsGroup##

G/L Account: 404000

Amount indoc. curr.: 2,200 or simply “*”

CO-relevantaccountassignment: Cost centerT-F05A##

Beforeyousave,simulateyourdocument: Firstwiththeclassicsimulation

option: Youcanseethe(subsequent)entryviewfortheFIdocument.

ThensimulatetheGeneralLedgerview: Possiblythecharacteristicprofit

center but definitely thecharacteristic segment must be visiblein all the

document lines.

Navigatefromthegeneralledgersimulationtotheexpert modeandfind

thefollowing parametersandinformationthere:

• Document type used

• Business transaction used

• Business transaction variant used

• Item categoryoftheexpenseitem/ baseitem

• Basedonwhichpostingitemsisthepayablesaccountsplit(=>account

160000)?

Leavetheexpert mode andthegeneral ledger simulationandsave / post

your document.

Continued on next page

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

5. Displaythedocument. Inthedataentryview,youcanseethatthesystem

hasderivedyoursegmentSEG##. Nowswitchtothegeneralledgerview:

TheSegmentcharacteristicshouldnowbevisibleinthepayablesandtax

lines.

Hint: Ifyourinstructor(also)definedthecharacteristicprofitcenter

(and/orbusinessarea)asadocumentsplittingcharacteristic,these

entitiesarealsosetforthepayablesandtaxlines.

6. Your previously entered FI document had as many posting lines in the

general ledger view as in theentry view. The document splitting did not

havetocreateanyadditionalpostinglines. Youwillnowcreatethemwhen

you perform the following exercises.

Anadditionalsparepartsinvoiceforvendor210##isentered(inoneof

thefollowingtasks). Incontrasttothepreviousexercise,youwanttoassign

some of the spare parts to your segment SEG## and the rest to segment

SEGA.

Tomakesurethatthesecondpartofthepostingamountisreallyassignedto

segmentSEGA,checkthesettingsforcostcenterT-F05B##beforeyoupost:

WhichprofitcenterisdefinedincostcenterT-F05B##?

7. Whichsegmentisdefinedin profitcenter1402?

8. The spare parts invoice should be for a total of € 10,000 net. Split the

costsforthesparepartshoweveryoulike.Assignoneparttocostcenter

T-F05A##andtheotherto costcenterT-F05B##.

Youcanuseaccount404000or400000astheexpenseaccountagain. Please

takethedateentriesandtaxparametersfromthefirstvendorinvoiceyou

created in this part of the exercise.

Before you save, you can simulate the document again. Then post your

document.

9. Display this document too. In the Data Entry View, you can already

see thattheexpense hasbeen split –in accordancewith theamounts you

specified in theposting. Now switch to the General Ledger View: You

shouldnowsee6lineitemsinsteadofthe4postinglineitems.

10. Toseewhetherazerobalancehasbeenreachedforeachsegment,change

the layout of the document accordingly: Sort by segment and calculate

a subtotal for the Segment column.

11. Youcan/shouldsavethislayout(again)asuser-specificlayoutL2.

12. InordertocheckthatthedocumentreallyissplitintheG/Lonlyandnotin

thesubledgers,callupavendorlineitemlistforyourvendor210##.

Continued on next page

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Thereshouldbethreeopenitems. Ifyouhavebeenworkingwithataxrate

of 10percent, youcanseethelastdocument entered asoneopen item of

EUR11,000. Youcannottellthatithasbeensplitintosegmentsuntilyou

display thedocument fromthelist of open items.

Task 2:

Optional Tasks/ Exercises: Wizardfor creatingdocument splittingrules (=>

EhP4)

Caution: Youcanonlystartthistaskwhenalltheexercisegroupsinthe

coursehave completed the previous task.

1. If you're not sure whether your instructor has temporarily (=> for this

exercise block) deactivated the Zero balance and Required entry field

indicatorsinthedocumentsplittingCustomizing,pleasecheckthis.

Hint: Ifthetwoindicatorsarestillsetforoneofthecharacteristics,

pleaseinformtheinstructor. He / shewilltemporarily deactivate

the indicators.

2. Next please check whether an alternative, customer-defined document

splitting method has already been assigned - for example, ZAC210 or

Z000000012 or, or ...

Hint: Ifastandarddocumentsplittingmethodisstillassigned,for

example0000000012,pleaseinformyourinstructor. He/shewill

thenassignanalternativedocumentsplittingmethod.

3. Create a customer 210## in your company code AA##. You can use

customer1000in companycode 1000asa template. Do not modify the

input field Account Group.

Fill in all the required-entry fields for the address data (=> for example,

transportationzone0000000001)andsaveyourdata.

4. Now enter a (customer) down payment of € 11,000 (=> gross, at 10%

tax) made by your new customer 210##. However, the down payment

must/shouldbesplitamongmultipleprofitcentersasmultiplesubareas

(=>profit centers) of your company will beparticipating in fulfilling the

customer requirements later on.

Usethefollowingdatafor thedownpayment:

Continued on next page

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

PostingandDocumentDate Current date

Doc. type DZ

Customer: Account Customer 210##

Special G/L indicator A

Bank: Account 113109

Amount € 11,000

Press Enter

Item 2: Amount € 2,200

Tax ID 1O

IndicatorCalculatetax Set

Due on Today'sdate+2weeks

Profit center 1000

Choose New item

Item 3: Amount * (or € 8,800)

Tax ID 1O

IndicatorCalculatetax Set

Due on Today'sdate+2weeks

Profit center 1402

When you now simulate the document (=> menu bar Document →

Simulate) and then alsosimulatethe general ledgerview (=>menu bar

Document → SimulateGeneral Ledger) you will seethat the tax andtax

calculationlinesaresplitintheratio1:4,butnotthebankline.

Hint: Nowcomesthedifficult bit: Youhavetofindout why the

document is not split correctly in the general ledger with the

standarddocumentsplittingrulePayment(=>businesstransaction

1000/ businesstransactionvariant0001).

Therefore,navigatefromthegeneralledgersimulationtotheexpertmode

(=> Expert mode pushbutton). In the bottom half you can open up the

document display and view important parameters and properties of the

processed document splitting.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Afteranalyzingtheexpertmodeforawhile,youwillseethatthebankline

seemstohavebeensplit,butinaccordancewiththewrongbaselines. From

whichpostinglinesalonecanthecorrectsplittingrelationshipbederived-

or inother words, whichpostinglineswouldbethecorrectbaselines?

[=> Answer: see solution b)]

And which item categories does this account have? [=> Answer: see

solution c)]

Savethedocument(regardless)andwritedownthedocumentnumber:

________________

Caution: If you want to call up / view the expert mode of the

generalledgerviewagainforadocumentalreadyposted,youcan

dosowithtransactionFAGL_MIG_SIM_SPL.

5. We know from the previous exercise that the down payment should be

split correctlyif thebankaccountwouldbesplitonthebasisofthedown

paymentsinthestandardbusinesstransactiondownpayment. Youcanseein

thegeneral ledgerviewof thedownpaymentdocumentthatthisdoesnot

seemtobethecase. Nowcheckthisstatementagainintheruledefinition

in Customizing.

6. To be able to create a new document splitting rule with the Wizard that

wouldsolvethedownpaymentproblem, afewpreliminarytasksmustbe

carriedout. Forexample,youneedanewdocumenttypewiththeIDA?.

Caution: Thequestionmarkisonlyaplaceholderandyoushould

replaceitwiththeentryrelevantforyourgroup-seebelow:

Group 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

Letter C D E G C I J K L M

Group 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Letter O Q R D D U V I

Hint: Example: If you were group 07, you would create the

document type AJ.

The new document type A? is created using thedocument type DZ as a

template and should have the name Down payment group ##. All other

parameters should be transferred from the template (for simplification

purposes).

Continued on next page

Group	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10
Letter	C	D	E	G	C	I	J	K	L	M

Group	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Letter	O	Q	R	D	D	U	V	I

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

7. Nowyoucreateforthe(customer)downpaymentanewdocumentsplitting

ruleusingtheWizardCreatedocumentsplittingrule.

PleaseusethefollowingdatawhennavigatingthroughtheWizard:

Wizard step Create Business

TransactionVariant :

Business Transaction 1000

(New)TransactionVariant Z0##

Description BT-V ##

Note: Theassigneditemcategories(=>WizardstepEditAssigned

ItemCategories)should/canbetakenoverwithoutanychanges

Wizard step Copy Document

Splitting Rule :

Business Transaction 1000 (=> payment)

Transaction Variant 0001 (=> standard)

Wizard step Define Document Splitting Rule : Open the item category

cashaccountandclick, forexample, ontheexisting(base)itemcategory

balance sheet account.

Onthenewscreen, younowcreatethenewrequiredbaseitemcategory

02100 (=> customer special G/L transaction). This should not be “split

automatically”. GobacktotheactualWizardprocessandsave.

WizardstepAssignDocumentType:

Doc. type ThenewdocumenttypeA?

Nowthenewruleshouldbeworking,anditcanbetestedwithintheWizard:

Wizard step Simulate rule:

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Wizard step Create Business TransactionVariant :
Business Transaction	1000
(New)TransactionVariant	Z0##
Description	BT-V ##

Wizard step Copy Document Splitting Rule :
Business Transaction	1000 (=> payment)
Transaction Variant	0001 (=> standard)

WizardstepAssignDocumentType:
Doc. type	ThenewdocumenttypeA?

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

Doc. Number FI document number of the

split down payment that you

previously posted and made a

note of.

Company Code AA##

Fiscal Year Current fiscal year

Document Source Local

Simulate pushbutton Execute: Theexpertmodeappears.

Result: Intheexpertmode, thebank line should nowalsobesplit in the

ratio1:4(=>ratiooftheprofitcenters/segments).

Hint: Asyouwouldtypicallyfirstconfigurethenewruleinatest

systemfirstandnotintheproductionsystemrightaway,youcould

forexamplealsouseanRFCdestinationtotestfromthetestsystem

documentsalreadyenteredin the production systemor youhave

createdanincompletedocumentinthetestsystemandnowwantto

checkthe(new)ruleintheproductionsystemagainbeforeusingit.

However, the “RFC link approach” is only one option. In a “3

system landscape” (=>withdevelopment, qualityassurance, and

productionsystems),youwouldprobablytesteverythinginfullin

the Q system.

Nowcheckthedocumentandthencompletethenewruleandleavethe

Wizard.

8. Nowcheck whether your new document type A? has also been assigned

the new business transaction and the new BT variant (=> 1000/Z0##) in

Customizing.

9. Andintheoverviewofallthesplittingrules,canyoufindyournewbusiness

transaction with your new variantZ0##?

10. Attheendofthistaskyoucannowenterandsimulatethecustomerdown

paymentasdescribedinexercisestep4. Ofcourse,rememberthatyounow

alsohavetoworkwith thenewdocumenttypeA?Thedocumentmust/

should nowbe(immediately) split correctly.

Doc. Number	FI document number of the split down payment that you previously posted and made a note of.
Company Code	AA##
Fiscal Year	Current fiscal year
Document Source	Local
Simulate pushbutton	Execute: Theexpertmodeappears.

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Solution 2: Document Splitting - Activation

and Tests

Task 1:

Performthefollowingexercisestogainanunderstandingofthelogicofdocument

splitting:

1. Check that at least the segment characteristic is defined as a “document

splitting characteristic of the G/L accounting”. The Zero balance and

Requiredentryfieldindicatorsmustbesetforthesegment.

Ifthisisnotthecase, pleaseinformyourinstructor.

Hint: This is a test exercise – please do not change the system

configuration.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General Ledger

Accounting (New) →BusinessTransactions→Document Splitting

→ Define Document Splitting Characteristics for General Ledger

Accounting

2. WhenshouldyoudefinitelysettheZerobalanceandRequiredentryfield

indicators for a (or several) document splitting characteristic(s) in G/L

accounting selected by you?

a) Youhavetosettheseindicatorswheneverthecharacteristicinvolved

is an independent accounting entity. Setting the “Zero balance”

indicator ensures that the characteristic will have a zero balance in

every document.

Specifically: If thezero balanceindicator is set, the systemchecks

whetherthebalanceofthecharacteristiciszeroduringposting. Ifthis

isnot the case, the system generates additional clearing lines inthe

document to achieve the zero balance.

Whentherequiredentryfieldindicatorisset,thesystemalsochecks

whether all the lines in the posting have / are assigned the relevant

characteristic after the splitting.

Specifically: If therequiredentryfieldindicator isset, therecanbe

nopostinglinewithouttheselectedcharacteristicinthegeneralledger

view.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

3. Activatethe documentsplittingfor your companycodeAA##. You can

activate this for each company code.

Hint: If document splittingis activated, all companycodes (this

is a client-wide setting) use the document splitting method

0000000012 (=> splitting: like 0000000002 [follow-up costs

online])(alreadysetinthetrainingsystembytheinstructor).

Alsoensurethatinheritanceisactivated(=>alsoaclient-widedefinition).

Youdonotneedtosetthestandardaccountassignmentusingaconstant(yet).

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General Ledger

Accounting (New)→BusinessTransactions →Document Splitting

→ Activate Document Splitting

b) Onthefirstscreen,youshouldnotneedtochangeanyentries. Inthe

dialogstructure,chooseDeactivationperCompanyCode. Findtheline

foryourcompanycodeAA##anddeselecttheInactiveindicator.

4. Nowenteravendorinvoiceforsparepartsyouhavepurchased, withthe

following data:

Company Code: AA##

Vendor: 210##

InvoiceandPostingDate: Today's date

Amount: € 2,200

Calculatetaxindicator: Set

Tax Code: 1I (=>10% input tax)

Text: PurchaseofSparePartsGroup##

G/L Account: 404000

Amount indoc. curr.: 2,200 or simply “*”

CO-relevantaccountassignment: Cost centerT-F05A##

Beforeyousave,simulateyourdocument: Firstwiththeclassicsimulation

option: Youcanseethe(subsequent)entryviewfortheFIdocument.

ThensimulatetheGeneralLedgerview: Possiblythecharacteristicprofit

center but definitely thecharacteristic segment must be visiblein all the

document lines.

Navigatefromthegeneralledgersimulationtotheexpert modeandfind

thefollowing parametersandinformationthere:

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AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

• Document type used

• Business transaction used

• Business transaction variant used

• Itemcategoryof theexpenseitem/ baseitem

• Basedonwhichpostingitemsisthepayablesaccountsplit(=>account

160000)?

Leavetheexpert modeand the general ledger simulationandsave/ post

your document.

a) SAP EasyAccessmenu →Accounting →Financial Accounting→

AccountsPayable→DocumentEntry→Invoice

Enter thedata asexplained intheexercise.

b) Stay on the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and choose Document →

Simulate.

c) Gobackfromtheclassicsimulationtothepreviousscreen(=>choose

F3),confirmthedialogboxthatisdisplayedandfollowthemenupath

Document → Simulate General Ledger

d) OntheSimulateGeneralLedgerscreen,chooseExpertModeandyou

willfindthefollowingparametersandinformationthere:

• Document type used: KR

• Business transaction used: 0300

• Businesstransactionvariant used: 0001

• Itemcategoryoftheexpenseitem/baseitem: 20000

• Basedonwhichpostingitemsis thepayablesaccount split(=>

account160000)? Answer: Splittingiscarriedoutaccordingto

thebaseitems0000000001and0000000002.

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Unit3: DocumentSplitting AC210

5. Displaythedocument. Inthedataentryview,youcanseethatthesystem

hasderivedyoursegmentSEG##. Nowswitchtothegeneralledgerview:

TheSegmentcharacteristicshould nowbevisiblein thepayablesandtax

lines.

Hint: Ifyourinstructor(also)definedthecharacteristicprofitcenter

(and/orbusinessarea)asadocumentsplittingcharacteristic,these

entitiesarealsosetforthepayablesandtaxlines.

a) Stay on the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and choose Document →

Display.

6. Your previously entered FI document had as many posting lines in the

general ledger view as in the entry view. The document splitting did not

havetocreateanyadditionalpostinglines. Youwillnowcreatethemwhen

you perform the following exercises.

Anadditionalsparepartsinvoiceforvendor210##isentered(inoneof

thefollowingtasks). Incontrasttothepreviousexercise,youwanttoassign

some of the spare parts to your segment SEG## and the rest to segment

SEGA.

Tomakesurethatthesecondpartofthepostingamountisreallyassignedto

segmentSEGA,checkthesettingsforcostcenterT-F05B##beforeyoupost:

WhichprofitcenterisdefinedincostcenterT-F05B##?

a) SAPEasyAccessmenu→Accounting→Controlling→CostCenter

Accounting→MasterData→CostCenter→IndividualProcessing

→ Display

Answer: Profit center1402 is defined.

7. Whichsegmentisdefinedinprofit center1402?

a) SAPEasyAccessmenu→Accounting→Controlling→ProfitCenter

Accounting→MasterData→ProfitCenter→IndividualProcessing

→ Display

Enterprofitcenter1402anddisplaythemasterdata. Theinputfield

SegmentappearsinthelogicalfieldgroupBasicData.

Answer: Profitcenter1402hasdefinedsegmentSEGA.

Note: Your instructor performed the corresponding

maintenanceofprofitcentermasterdatabeforethecourse.

8. The spare parts invoice should be for a total of € 10,000 net. Split the

costsforthesparepartshoweveryoulike.Assignoneparttocostcenter

T-F05A##andtheothertocostcenterT-F05B##.

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