AC010_EN_Col92_FV_Part_A4 (第1页) | ERP软件技术分享

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AC010

Business Processes in Financial

Accounting

SAP ERP - Financials

Date

Training Center

Instructors

Education Website

Participant Handbook

Course Version: 92

Course Duration: 5 Day(s)

Material Number: 50093078

An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work

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Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorforanypurpose

withouttheexpresspermissionofSAPAG.Theinformationcontainedhereinmaybechanged

withoutpriornotice.

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About This Handbook

Thishandbookisintendedtocomplementtheinstructor-ledpresentationofthis

course,andserveasasourceofreference. Itisnotsuitableforself-study.

Typographic Conventions

American English is the standard used in this handbook. The following

typographic conventions are also used.

Type Style Description

Example text Wordsorcharactersthatappearonthescreen. These

includefieldnames,screentitles,pushbuttonsaswell

asmenunames, paths, andoptions.

Alsousedforcross-referencestootherdocumentation

both internal and external.

Example text Emphasizedwords or phrases in bodytext, titlesof

graphics, and tables

EXAMPLETEXT Names of elements in the system. These include

reportnames,programnames,transactioncodes,table

names, andindividualkey wordsof aprogramming

language,whensurroundedbybodytext,forexample

SELECT and INCLUDE.

Example text Screenoutput. Thisincludesfileanddirectorynames

and their paths, messages, names of variables and

parameters, and passages of the source text of a

program.

Example text Exactuserentry. Thesearewordsandcharactersthat

youenterinthesystemexactlyastheyappearinthe

documentation.

<Example text> Variableuserentry. Pointedbracketsindicatethatyou

replacethesewordsandcharacterswithappropriate

entries.

iii

Type Style	Description
Example text	Wordsorcharactersthatappearonthescreen. These includefieldnames,screentitles,pushbuttonsaswell asmenunames, paths, andoptions. Alsousedforcross-referencestootherdocumentation both internal and external.
Example text	Emphasizedwords or phrases in bodytext, titlesof graphics, and tables
EXAMPLETEXT	Names of elements in the system. These include reportnames,programnames,transactioncodes,table names, andindividualkey wordsof aprogramming language,whensurroundedbybodytext,forexample SELECT and INCLUDE.
Example text	Screenoutput. Thisincludesfileanddirectorynames and their paths, messages, names of variables and parameters, and passages of the source text of a program.
Example text	Exactuserentry. Thesearewordsandcharactersthat youenterinthesystemexactlyastheyappearinthe documentation.
<Example text>	Variableuserentry. Pointedbracketsindicatethatyou replacethesewordsandcharacterswithappropriate entries.

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AboutThisHandbook AC010

Icons in Body Text

The following iconsareused in thishandbook.

Icon Meaning

Formoreinformation,tips,orbackground

Noteorfurtherexplanationofpreviouspoint

Exception or caution

Procedures

Indicatesthattheitemisdisplayedintheinstructor's

presentation.

Icon	Meaning
	Formoreinformation,tips,orbackground
	Noteorfurtherexplanationofpreviouspoint
	Exception or caution
	Procedures
	Indicatesthattheitemisdisplayedintheinstructor's presentation.

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Contents

Course Overview......................................................... vii

Course Goals...........................................................vii

Course Objectives .....................................................vii

Unit 1: Navigation..........................................................1

Navigation................................................................2

Unit 2: General Ledger Accounting.................................. 31

Organizational Structures for Financial Reporting................33

G/L Master Records .................................................46

Accounting Transactions – Processing in the General Ledger .69

Unit 3: Accounts Payable.............................................. 93

Vendor Master Records .............................................95

Daily Accounting Transactions in Accounts Payable............106

Integration with Materials Management...........................148

Closing Operations in Accounts Payable.........................163

Unit 4: Accounts Receivable.........................................189

Customer Master Data..............................................191

Daily Accounting Transactions in Accounts Receivable........204

Dunning and Correspondence .....................................220

Business Process Integration with FSCM – Dispute

Management......................................................241

Integration with Sales Order Management .......................255

Closing Operations in Accounts Receivable .....................272

Unit 5: Asset Accounting .............................................295

Master Records in Asset Accounting..............................296

Standard Accounting Transactions in Asset Accounting........309

Closing Procedures in Asset Accounting.........................325

Unit 6: Bank Accounting..............................................341

Master Records in Bank Accounting ..............................342

Business Transactions in Bank Accounting ......................352

Unit 7: Preparing Financial Statements ...........................385

Financial Closing in the General Ledger..........................386

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Contents AC010

Appendix 1: Accounting Tips .....................................425

Appendix 2: From Classic to New General Ledger Accounting

(New G/L) ...............................................................437

Appendix 3: Customizing from Classic to New General Ledger

Accounting .............................................................445

Glossary...................................................................449

Index .......................................................................471

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Course Overview

Thiscoursecoversthebasicstructureandproceduresoffinancialaccountinginthe

SAPsystem. Aftercompletingthiscourse,youwillbeabletoperformessential

functionsinFinancialAccounting. Theknowledgegainedinthiscoursewillalso

helpyoubecomeamoreproductivememberofyourprojectimplementationteam.

ThiscourseisbasedonnewGeneralLedgerAccounting(newG/L).

Target Audience

Thiscourseisintendedforthefollowing audiences:

• MembersoftheFIprojectteamandusersofSAPERPFinancials

Course Prerequisites

Required Knowledge

• Knowledge of basicaccounting principles

Recommended Knowledge

• SAPFINOverviewoftheSAPERPFinancialssolution

Course Goals

This course will prepare you to:

• Understandthemostbasicstructureandproceduresoffinancialaccounting

within the SAP system

• Performessentialfunctions infinancialaccounting

• Support project teamswithimportant decisions

Course Objectives

After completingthiscourse, youwillbeable to:

• Explaintherolesofvariousapplicationsinfinancialaccounting

• Explainhowthefinancialaccountingcomponentsrelatetoeachother

• Performtypical accountingtransactionsin theapplication componentsof

financial accounting

vii

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CourseOverview AC010

viii

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Unit 1

Navigation

Unit Overview

In this unit, you will learn to navigate in SAP systems. You will also learn

somethingaboutpersonalizationandhelpoptions,whichareprovidedfor your

work with SAP systems.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Log on to any SAP system

• NavigateabasicpathandpersonalizeanSAPsystem

• Searchforinformationandobtainhelpusingthedifferenthelpmethodsin

the SAP system

Unit Contents

Lesson: Navigation................................................................2

Exercise 1: Logging on to SAP Systems................................. 11

Exercise 2: Navigating Menus and Using Help Functions.............15

Exercise 3: Creating Favorites Using the Menu Bar....................21

Exercise 4: Creating Website Links in the Favorites List...............23

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Lesson: Navigation

Lesson Overview

Inthislesson, weexplainand demonstrateloggingonto theSAPsystem. The

courseparticipantsaremadefamiliarwiththelayoutandnavigationinthesystem.

Wealsodiscusssomeoftheoptionsavailableforpersonalizingthesystembased

ontheusers' requirementsand/orpreferences. Lastly, weintroducethevarious

types of online helpavailablein SAP and develop an understanding of howto

search for information.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Log on to any SAP system

• NavigateabasicpathandpersonalizeanSAPsystem

• Searchforinformationandobtainhelpusingthedifferenthelpmethodsin

the SAP system

Business Example

In order to efficiently use the SAP system, new users need to familiarize

themselveswiththescreensandnavigationintheSAPsystemanddefinepersonal

settingsbasedontheirindividualbusinessrequirements.

Logon Process

Beforeyoulogonthefirsttime,yoursystemadministratorwillgiveyouaninitial

password. During the logon process, you should create a new password, one

thatyoualonewillknow. Useyourownpasswordwheneveryoulogon. These

proceduresmaydiffersomewhatatyourcompany. Formoreinformation,contact

your system administrator.

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Figure 1: Logging on to an SAP System

The SAP logon icon now appears in both the task bar (together with the SAP

Release number) and the system tray (that is, the bottom right-hand corner of

your desktop).

When you select the Tab key after you have entered data in a field, the cursor

movesto thebeginning of the next field. However, if you enter the maximum

numberofcharacterspossibleinafield,youdonothavetoselectTab. Example:

ThemaximumnumberofcharactersyoucanenterintheClientfieldisthree. If

youenter001intheClientfield,thecursorautomaticallymovestothebeginning

of the next field.

Iftherearesystem-widemessages,theSystemMessagesdialogboxappears. After

youhavereadthemessages,chooseContinue(orEnter)toclosethedialogbox.

Layout, Navigation, and Personalization

Menus allow you to find a specific transaction when you do not know the

transactioncode. Themenuisorganizedaccordingtothetaskyouareperforming

in the SAP system.

Themenusaredrop-downmenus;thismeansthatwhenyouchooseamenuitem,

further optionsare displayed. Sometimes not all of the available menus fit on

onelineinthemenubar. Inthiscase,theywraptothenextline. Thedropdown

principle stays the same.

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Figure 2: General Screen Layout

Favorites list and role-based user menu

InSAPEasyAccess,youcancreateaFavoriteslistcontainingthefollowing:

• Transactions

• Files

• Web addresses

• Links to other applications, etc.

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Figure 3: Navigation Tree

Role-basedusermenusarecollectionsofactivitiesusedinbusinessscenarios.

Usersaccess the transactions, reports, or Web-based applications throughuser

menus. Users can also change certain aspects of assigned roles, for example,

they can create their own favorites list.

Whenauserisassignedarole,theyareassignednotonlythemenu,butalsothe

authorizations they require to access the information. In this way, the system

ensuresthat thebusinessdata arealwayssaved. Theauthorizationprofilesare

generated in accordance with the activities contained in the role. In this way,

the authorizationsof every user in the SAP system are restricted to only these

activities.

InSAPEnterprisePortal, theuserusesaWebbrowsertoviewandexecutethe

requiredtasksandactivities. Rolescanbeassignedhereaswell.

Thesystemadministratorcantailortheusermenutothepersonalrequirementsof

each user by adding or deleting menu entries.

Sessions

Youcanopenasessionatanytime. Whendoingthis, youdonotloseanydata

from the open sessions. You can create up to six sessions. Each session is

independentoftheothers. Forexample,whenyouclosethefirstsessiontheother

sessions remain open.

Toomanyopensessionscanresultinslowersystemperformance. Forthisreason,

your system administrator may limit the number of sessions you can create to

fewerthansix. Youcanmovebetweensessionswithoutlosinganydata,aslongas

youremainloggedontotheSAPsystem. Changingbetweendifferentsessionsis

similartohavingsomeoneontheotherlinewhenyouaretelephoning. Youcan

continue the conversation at any time.

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Figure 4: Sessions

Tomovebetweensessions,clickanypartofthewindowthatcontainsthesession

you want to use (or use Alt + Tab).

Thewindowyouchoosebecomestheactivewindowbymovinginfrontofallthe

other windows on your screen.

If you have several sessions open, you can minimize the sessions you are not

using. When you need to use one of these sessionslater, you can restore it by

selectingtheappropriatesymbol inthestatusbar.

Afteryouaredoneusingasession,itisagoodideatoendit. Everysessionuses

system resources. ThisinfluencesthetimetheSAP systemrequiresto answer

yourcommands. Beforeyouendasession,saveanydatayouwanttokeep.

Status Bar

ThestatusbarprovidesgeneralinformationontheSAPsystemandthetransaction

ortaskonwhichyouareworking. Attheleftofthestatusbar,systemmessages

aredisplayed. Theright-handsideofthestatusbarcontainsthreefields. Onewith

informationontheserver,twowithinformationonthestatus.

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Figure 5: Status Bar

• At the far left of the status bar:

– Identifies error messages

– Identifies other system messages

• Tohide(ordisplay)thestatusfields,choosetheicontotheleft(orright).

• Todisplaythefollowingsysteminformation,chooseinthefirststatusfield:

– System

– Client

– User

– Program

– Transaction

– Response time

Thesecondstatusfielddisplaystheservertowhichyouareconnected. Thethird

statusfieldspecifiesyourdataentrymode. Bychoosingthisfield,youcantoggle

betweentheInsert (INS)andOverwrite(OVR)modes.

Help Features

TheSAPsystemprovidescomprehensiveonlinehelp. Youcandisplaythehelp

fromanyscreeninthesystem. YoucanalwaysrequesthelpusingtheHelpmenu

orusingtherelevanticon. TheHelpmenucontainsthefollowingoptions:

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Application help

Displayscomprehensivehelpforthecurrentapplication. Selectingthismenu

optionontheinitialscreendisplayshelpongettingstartedwithSAPERP.

SAP Library

All onlinedocumentation canbe foundhere.

Glossary

Allows a search for definitions of terms.

Release notes

Displaysnotesthat describe functional changesmadebetweenSAP ERP

releases.

SAP Service Marketplace

Enablesaccessto theSAPServiceMarketplace

Create a support message

YoucancreateaproblemmessagedirectlyfromtheSAPsystem.

Settings

Allows you to select settings for help.

Figure 6: Getting Help

UseF1forhelponfields,menus,functionsandmessages. F1helpalsoprovides

technicalinformationontherelevantfield,including,forexample,theparameter

ID,whichyou canusetoassignvaluesto thefield.

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

UseF4forinformationonwhatvaluesyoucanenter. YoucanalsoaccessF4help

foraselectedfieldusingthebuttonimmediatelytotherightofthatfield. Ifinput

fieldsaremarkedwithasmalliconwithacheckmark,thenyoucanonlycontinue

inthat application byentering apermitted value.

Figure 7: Help on the screen field: using F1 and F4

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Exercise 1: Logging on to SAP Systems

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Understandthebasicsof creatingalogonentry

• Log on to an SAP system

Business Example

AsanemployeeofacompanythatmanagestheirbusinesswithSAP,youneedto

gainaccesstoanSAPsystemtodoyourdailybusinesstransactions.

Task:

Inthisexercise,youwillfirstcreatealog-inentrytoidentifywhichsystemyou

wouldliketogainaccessto. Youwillthenaccessthatsystemwiththeappropriate

client, user ID and password.

1. CreateanentryinSAPGUIlogonscreen. Todothis, usetheinformation

that you have been given by the instructor.

Field Value

Description AC010 Class

Client

Application Server

SAP Router String

System Number

2. Youhavenowcreatedaloginentry. Youwillusethisentrytogainaccessto

theSAPsystemyouhaveidentifiedwiththeinformationprovided.

Field Value

User AC010–##

Password <tobeprovidedbytheinstructor

Client <tobeprovidedbytheinstructor>

Language <tobeprovidedbytheinstructor>

New Password

Field	Value
Description	AC010 Class
Client
Application Server
SAP Router String
System Number

Field	Value
User	AC010–##
Password	<tobeprovidedbytheinstructor
Client	<tobeprovidedbytheinstructor>
Language	<tobeprovidedbytheinstructor>
New Password

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Solution 1: Logging on to SAP Systems

Task:

Inthisexercise,youwillfirstcreatealog-inentrytoidentifywhichsystemyou

wouldliketogainaccessto. Youwillthenaccessthatsystemwiththeappropriate

client, user ID and password.

1. CreateanentryinSAPGUIlogonscreen. Todothis, usetheinformation

that you have been given by the instructor.

Field Value

Description AC010 Class

Client

Application Server

SAP Router String

System Number

a) LocatetheSAPLogonprogramfromyourdesktop. Thereareavariety

ofwaystofinditandavarietyofplacesitcouldresideonyourdesktop.

These variables depend on how the GUI software was installed.

Consultyourtechnicalsupportifyoucannotfindtheapplication.

b) Choose New

c) EnterDescription: AC010 Class

d) Enter Application Server: <to be provided by the

instructor>

e) Enter SAP Router String: <to be provided by the

instructor>

f) Wählen Sie R/3 als SAP-System aus.

g) Enter System Number:<to be provided by the

instructor>

h) Choose OK.

2. Youhavenowcreatedaloginentry. Youwillusethisentrytogainaccessto

theSAPsystemyouhaveidentifiedwiththeinformationprovided.

Continued on next page

Field	Value
Description	AC010 Class
Client
Application Server
SAP Router String
System Number

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Field Value

User AC010–##

Password <tobeprovidedbytheinstructor

Client <tobeprovidedbytheinstructor>

Language <tobeprovidedbytheinstructor>

New Password

a) Choosetheentryyoucreatedintheaboveexercisestep

b) Choose Log on.

c) EnterClient: <provided by the instructor>.

d) EnterPassword: <provided by the instructor>.

e) EnterLanguage: <Instructor will provide appropriate

language code>.

f) Choose Enter.

Note: You may be asked to change your password. In this

case,executethefollowingsteps. Ifyouarenotasked,skipto

solution step J.

Note: Apasswordchangedialogboxdisplays.

g) EnterNewPassword: <enter your own new password>.

h) Enter Repeat Password: <repeat the entry again to

confirm the password change>.

i) Choose Enter.

j) Enterasmanytimesasneededreadinganysystemmessagesthatmight

bedisplayeduntilyougettotheSAPEasyAccessscreen.

Field	Value
User	AC010–##
Password	<tobeprovidedbytheinstructor
Client	<tobeprovidedbytheinstructor>
Language	<tobeprovidedbytheinstructor>
New Password

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Exercise 2: Navigating Menus and Using

Help Functions

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• LocatespecificfoldersintheSAPEasyAccessMenu

• NavigatetheSAPEasyAccessMenutolocatespecifictransaction

• Use the basicfunctions of theF1 andF4 help

Business Example

AsanewuserworkingonanSAPsystem,youneedtolocatespecifictransactions

intheSAPsystem. Helpfunctionsinthesystemwillsupportyourdailywork.

Task:

Inthisexercise, youwilllocateavarietyoftransactionsbynavigatingtheSAP

EasyAccessMenuYouwillthenfamilirizeyourselfwiththeF1andF4help.

1. Whatarethenamesofthefunctionsaccessedwiththefollowingmenupath

and what transaction codes correspond to these menu calls? SAP Easy

Accessmenu: Accounting→FinancialAccounting→AccountsReceivable

→ Master Records

Transaction Transaction name Transaction

code

Transaction

2. What are thenames of the first fivetransactionsin the Posting folder

in the SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting → Financial Accounting →

General Ledger?

Transaction Transaction name Transaction

code

Transaction

Continued on next page

Transaction	Transaction name	Transaction code
Transaction
Transaction
Transaction
Transaction
Transaction

Transaction	Transaction name	Transaction code
Transaction
Transaction

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Transaction

3. Usethefieldhelpforthe“Customer”fieldtoanswerthefollowingquestion:

What isthe purposeof the “Customer” field?

Tofindthe“Customer”field,chooseAccounting→FinancialAccounting

→ Accounts Receivable → Master Records → Display in the SAP Easy

Access menu.

4. UsetheF4helpforthe“Customer”fieldtofindthenumberofthecustomer

whose name is “Becker ##”.

Caution: (Thisisanalphanumeric“number”.)

Hint:

• ## = Your group number

• Beckerand## areseparatedbyaspace.

Transaction
Transaction
Transaction

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Solution 2: Navigating Menus and Using

Help Functions

Task:

Inthisexercise, youwilllocateavarietyoftransactionsbynavigatingtheSAP

EasyAccessMenuYouwillthenfamilirizeyourselfwiththeF1andF4help.

1. Whatarethenamesofthefunctionsaccessedwiththefollowingmenupath

and what transaction codes correspond to these menu calls? SAP Easy

Accessmenu: Accounting→FinancialAccounting→AccountsReceivable

→ Master Records

Transaction Transaction name Transaction

code

Transaction

Continued on next page

Transaction	Transaction name	Transaction code
Transaction
Transaction

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Transaction

a) Choose Extras → Settings.

Set the checkmark in the “Display technical names” field and then

choose “Enter”. Thetransactioncodeswillnowbedisplayedinthe

SAP Easy Access Menu.

b) Choose SAPMenu(thetriangletotheleftoftheSAPMenufolder).

c) Choose Accounting(thetriangletotheleftoftheAccountingfolder).

d) Choose FinancialAccounting(thetriangletotheleftoftheFinancial

Accounting folder).

e) Choose AccountsReceivable(thetriangletotheleftoftheAccounts

Receivable folder).

f) Choose Master Records (the triangle to the left of the Master

Records folder).

g) Record your results:

Transaction Transaction name Transaction

code

Transaction Create FD01

Transaction Change FD02

Transaction Display FD03

Transaction Lock / Unlock FD05

Transaction Setmarkfor deletion FD06

2. What are the namesof thefirst fivetransactionsin the Posting folder

in the SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting → Financial Accounting →

General Ledger?

Transaction Transaction name Transaction

code

Transaction

Continued on next page

Transaction
Transaction
Transaction

Transaction	Transaction name	Transaction code
Transaction	Create	FD01
Transaction	Change	FD02
Transaction	Display	FD03
Transaction	Lock / Unlock	FD05
Transaction	Setmarkfor deletion	FD06

Transaction	Transaction name	Transaction code
Transaction
Transaction

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Transaction

a) Choose Accounting(thetriangletotheleftoftheAccountingfolder).

b) Choose Financial Accounting (the triangle to the left of the

Financial Accounting folder).

c) Choose General Ledger (the triangle to the left of the General

Ledger folder).

d) Choose Posting(thetriangletotheleftofthePostingfolder).

e) Record your results:

Transaction Transaction name Transaction

code

Transaction EnterGLAccountDocument FB50

Transaction Enter G/L Account Document FB50L

for Ledger Group

Transaction General Posting F-02

Transaction EnterGeneralPostingforLedger FB01L

Group

Transaction EditorParkG/Ldocument FV50

3. Usethefieldhelpforthe“Customer”fieldtoanswerthefollowingquestion:

What isthepurposeof the“Customer” field?

Tofindthe“Customer”field,chooseAccounting→FinancialAccounting

→ Accounts Receivable → Master Records → Display in the SAP Easy

Access menu.

a) ChooseAccounting→FinancialAccounting→AccountsReceivable

→MasterRecords→DisplayintheSAPEasyAccessmenu.

b) Movethecursortotheinputfieldfor“Customer.”.

c) Choose the “F1” key.

Answer: Customeraccountnumber. Theuniquekeyforidentifyingthe

customer within the SAP system

d) ClosetheF1helpwiththecloseicon . Stayinthetransactionforthe

next subtask.

Continued on next page

Transaction
Transaction
Transaction

Transaction	Transaction name	Transaction code
Transaction	EnterGLAccountDocument	FB50
Transaction	Enter G/L Account Document for Ledger Group	FB50L
Transaction	General Posting	F-02
Transaction	EnterGeneralPostingforLedger Group	FB01L
Transaction	EditorParkG/Ldocument	FV50

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

4. UsetheF4helpforthe“Customer”fieldtofindthenumberofthecustomer

whose name is “Becker ##”.

Caution: (Thisisanalphanumeric“number”.)

Hint:

• ## = Your group number

• Beckerand## areseparatedbyaspace.

a) Choose the “F4” key.

b) EnterBecker##onthe“Customer(General)tabpage”tabpageinthe

“Name” field and choose “Enter”.

c) Theaccountnumberofcustomer“Becker##”isCustomer##.

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Exercise 3: Creating Favorites Using the

Menu Bar

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Navigatetotransactionsyouwouldliketosaveasfavorites

• Usethemenubartocreateandstoreafavoritetransaction

Business Example

EachSAPuserwillhavespecifictransactions,files,orWebsitesthattheyaccess

frequently.

Task:

Inthisexercise, youcreateaseriesoftransactionsasfavorites. Thesearethen

displayedasfavoritesinthenavigationareaofSAPEasyAccess.

1. CreateafavoriteforthetransactionIncomingPaymentsinCustomers. This

is transaction code F-28.

2. CreateafavoriteforthetransactionDisplayCustomer(Complete)inSales

andDistribution. ThisistransactioncodeXD03.

3. Createafavoritefor thetransactionDocumentEntry/Invoicein Accounts

ReceivableAccounting. ThisistransactioncodeFB70.

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Solution 3: Creating Favorites Using the

Menu Bar

Task:

Inthisexercise, youcreateaseriesoftransactionsasfavorites. Thesearethen

displayedasfavoritesinthenavigationareaofSAPEasyAccess.

1. CreateafavoriteforthetransactionIncomingPaymentsinCustomers. This

is transaction code F-28.

a) ChooseAccounting→FinancialAccounting→AccountsReceivable

→ Document Entry.

b) Choose Incoming Payments.

c) Choose Favorites → Add.

Note: Thismenupathisatthetopofyourwindow.

2. CreateafavoriteforthetransactionDisplayCustomer(Complete)inSales

andDistribution. ThisistransactioncodeXD03.

a) Choose Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Master Data →

BusinessPartner→Customer→Display.

b) Choose Complete.

c) Choose Favorites → Add.

Note: Thismenupathisatthetopofyourwindow.

3. CreateafavoriteforthetransactionDocument Entry/Invoice inAccounts

ReceivableAccounting. ThisistransactioncodeFB70.

a) ChooseAccounting→FinancialAccounting→AccountsReceivable

→ Document Entry → Invoice.

b) Choose Invoice.

c) Choose Favorites → Add.

Note: Thismenupathisatthetopofyourwindow.

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Exercise 4: Creating Website Links in the

Favorites List

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Understand howtocreate Websitesasfavorites

Business Example

PeriodicallyyouneedtoaccessWebsitesaspartofyourjobfunctions. Youwould

liketobeabletostoretheWebsitesasfavoritesforquickaccessrightfromyour

SAP system.

Task:

You will create and save three Websites as favorites in the navigation area of

your SAP system.

1. CreateasafavoritealinktotheWebsitewww.sap.com

2. SavetheWebsitehelp.sap.com asafavoritelink.

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Unit1: Navigation AC010

Solution 4: Creating Website Links in the

Favorites List

Task:

You will create and save three Websites as favorites in the navigation area of

your SAP system.

1. CreateasafavoritealinktotheWebsitewww.sap.com

a) Choose Favorites →Add otherobjects.

b) Choose Web address or file.

c) Choose Enter.

d) Enter Text: sap.

e) EnterWebaddressorfile: http://www.sap.com.

f) Choose Enter.

2. SavetheWebsitehelp.sap.comasafavoritelink.

a) Choose Favorites →Add otherobjects.

b) Choose Web address or file.

c) Choose Enter.

d) EnterSAP Help Portal in theText field.

e) Enterhelp.sap.comintheWebAddressorFilefield.

f) Choose Enter.

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AC010 Lesson: Navigation

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Log on to any SAP system

• NavigateabasicpathandpersonalizeanSAPsystem

• Searchforinformationandobtainhelpusingthedifferenthelpmethodsin

the SAP system

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UnitSummary AC010

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Log on to any SAP system

• NavigateabasicpathandpersonalizeanSAPsystem

• Searchforinformationandobtainhelpusingthedifferenthelpmethodsin

the SAP system

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AC010 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

1. You can only ever haveonesession open.

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

2. Which of the following is not part of the information required to log on

to the SAP system?

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A Enter a specific client number

□ B Enter your user ID

□ C Enter your password

□ D Customize your settings

3. What menusarestandard onall SAPscreens?

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A System

□ B Help

□ C Both A and B

□ D None of the above

4. WhichofthefollowingprovidesgeneralinformationontheSAPsystemand

transaction or task you are working on?

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A Status Bar

□ B Menu Path

□ C Role Bar

□ D None of the above

5. IntheSAPEasyAccessmenu,youcancreateafavoriteslistcontaining:

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A Web addresses

□ B Transactions

□ C Files

□ D All of the above

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TestYourKnowledge AC010

6. ListthreetypesofonlinehelpthatareavailableintheSAPsystem.

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AC010 Test Your Knowledge

Answers

1. You can only ever haveonesession open.

Answer: False

Youcancreateuptosixsessions. Eachsessionisindependentoftheothers.

2. Which of the following is not part of the information required to log on

to the SAP system?

Answer: D

Youdonot customizeyour settingsuntilyouarealreadyloggedontothe

SAP system.

3. What menusarestandard onall SAPscreens?

Answer: C

The System menu contains functions that affect the system as a whole,

suchasCreatesession,Userprofile,andLogoff. TheHelpmenuprovides

various forms of online help.

4. WhichofthefollowingprovidesgeneralinformationontheSAPsystemand

transaction or task you are working on?

Answer: A

TheStatusBarcontainsinformationonsystemmessages,aswellassystem

informationsuchasclient,user,transactioncodesandresponsetime.

5. IntheSAPEasyAccessmenu,youcancreateafavoriteslistcontaining:

Answer: D

FavoritescanconsistofWeblinks,standardandcustomertransactioncodes,

andlinkstootherfiles,suchasWorddocumentsorPowerPointfiles.

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TestYourKnowledge AC010

6. ListthreetypesofonlinehelpthatareavailableintheSAPsystem.

Answer: Helpfor theSAP Library, glossary, releasenotes, SAP Service

Marketplace,creatingsupportmessages,settings,F1,andF4applications

Application Help

Displays comprehensive help for the current application. Selecting

thismenuoptionontheinitialscreendisplayshelpongettingstarted

with SAP ERP.

SAP Library

Thisiswhereallonlinedocumentationcanbefound.

Glossary

Enablesyoutosearchfordefinitionsof terms.

Release Notes

Displays notes that describe functional changesthat occur between

SAP ERP releases.

SAP Service Marketplace

EnablesaccesstotheSAPServiceMarketplace

Feedback

Enables support messages to be created directly from the SAP

application

Settings

Enablesyou to select settingsfor help.

F1

Fieldlevelhelpthatprovidesinformationaboutthefield.

F4

Fieldlevelhelpthatprovidesalistoffieldvaluesor,inthecaseofan

extensivelist,anoptiontosearchfortheinformation.

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Unit 2

General Ledger Accounting

Unit Overview

WewillbeginourstudyoffinancialaccountingwithGeneralLedger.

Wewillfirststudykeyorganizationalelementsinfinancialaccounting. Thenwe

willstudyG/Lmasterrecords,andlearnhowtocreatepostings,usingboththe

Enjoy and Complex document entry screens.

Manyoftheconceptslearnedinthisunitwillapplytootherunitsinthecourse.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Explain the purpose of company codes

• Describetheoptionsforassigningcompanycode(s)toacontrollingarea

• Explain the term "Ledger"

• Describetheroleof profitcentersand segments

• Display a chart of accounts

• Display the G/L account directory

• Create G/L accounts

• Describethespecialroleofreconciliationaccounts

• Maintain a financial statement version

• ExecuteG/LpostingsusingtheEnjoytransactionscreenandthetraditional

screen for complex posting

• Explain thestructureofanaccountingdocument

• Query a G/L account.

• Run the balance sheet

• View cost elements

Unit Contents

Lesson: Organizational Structures for Financial Reporting ................33

Exercise 5: Organizational Structures for Financial Reporting........43

Lesson: G/L Master Records ..................................................46

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Unit2: GeneralLedgerAccounting AC010

Exercise 6: General Ledger Account Master Data......................55

Lesson: Accounting Transactions – Processing in the General Ledger..69

Exercise 7: Accounting Transactions in the General Ledger..........77

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AC010 Lesson: Organizational Structures for Financial Reporting

Lesson: Organizational Structures for Financial

Reporting

Lesson Overview

Organizational structures occur in all important functional areas of the SAP

system. ThemostimportantorganizationalelementsinFinancialAccountingare

thecompanycodeandthesegment. Theprofitcenterisanadditionalreportable

dimension. This means that you can create a fully-balanced set of financial

statementsforeachprofit center. Theseorganizational elementsareintroduced

here.

ThemostimportantorganizationalelementoftheControllingapplicationisthe

controllingarea. Wewillstudytheoptionsforassigningoneorseveralcompany

codes to a controlling area.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, youwillbeable to:

• Explain the purpose of company codes

• Describetheoptionsforassigningcompanycode(s)toacontrollingarea

• Explain the term "Ledger"

• Describetheroleof profitcentersand segments

Business Example

IDESconsistsofninecompaniesallovertheworld. Eachcompanymustfulfill

nationalreportingrequirementsandis,therefore,representedbyacompanycode.

Company Code

Acompanycodeisanindependentaccountingentity(thesmallestorganizational

elementforwhichacompleteself-containedsetofaccountscanbedrawnup).

Example: a company within acorporate group.

Acompanycodehasaunique,four-characterkey,whichcanbealphanumeric.

Figure 8: Company Code

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Unit2: GeneralLedgerAccounting AC010

The general ledger is kept at the company code level and is used to create the

legallyrequired balancesheetsandprofit-and-lossstatementsfor thecompany

code.

The company code must be specified for every financial transaction in SAP

ERP.Thisisdoneeithermanuallyor byderivingthecompanycodefromother

data elements.

IDES International

IDES operates worldwide and has subsidiaries in North America, Europe and

Asia. Each affiliate(company code) is alegal entity that isrequiredby law to

providefinancialrecordsaccordingtocountry-specificregulations.

Figure 9: IDES International

IDES Company Codes

TheaffiliatesofIDESaresetupascompanycodesintheSAPERPsystemand

areuniquelyidentifiedbyfour-charactercodes. Eachcompanycodehasalocal

currency. Thelocal currencyof IDES AG isEUR.Amounts postedin foreign

currenciesareautomaticallyconvertedtothelocalcurrency.

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AC010 Lesson: Organizational Structures for Financial Reporting

Figure 10: IDES Company Codes

Many companies not only have to create reports according to a specific

accounting principle, but also need to meet different informationrequirements

(country-specific requirements, corporate group standards, and so on). This

meansthatfinancialstatementshavetobecreatedaccordingtobothUS-GAAP

and IAS, for example.

Figure11: ParallelFinancialReporting–AccountsApproach

The accounts approach is widely used in this context.. Different evaluation

approachesposttodifferentaccountsandwhenfinancialstatementsarecreated,

thefinancialstatementversionisusedtoevaluatetherelevantaccounts(financial

statements according to US-GAAP, for example, only take into account those

accountsthat followthisaccounting principle).