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ª SAP AG 1999
(cid:140)
The individual item categories control what a bill of material can do in a sales document. In
Customizing you define and assign item categories for the main and sub-items in the BOM in the
sales document.
(cid:140)
A specific item category group assigned to the material master record of the main item defines
which item categories are assigned to the main item.
(cid:140)
To determine how far the BOM should be exploded in the sales document, you need to define the
extent of the structure of the item category for the main item.
(cid:140)
When you determine the sub-items, the system also needs to know the item category of the higher-
level item.
(cid:140)
In Customizing for item categories, you control which item are relevant to pricing and how you
want to implement requirements transfer.
© SAP AG LO605 6-11
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ª SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG LO605 6-12
第 107 页 / 共 417 页
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At the end of these exercises, you will be able to:
• Configure the Customizing of item categories
• Explain and control the automatic determination of item categories.
Items in sales documents frequently have to be controlled differently,
such as for pricing or billing.
This applies to items
• That pass through several sales documents during the course of the
transaction
• Within an individual sales document
Item categories are determined automatically.
1-1 Your customer tells you that she would like to add to her purchase order number
(cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)7$(cid:19)(cid:24).
1-1-1 Enter another item with 16 units of material 7(cid:16)$7((cid:6)(cid:6). The delivery date is
in two week’s time.
1-1-2 You have also agreed to give your customer a free goods item of 1 unit of
material 7(cid:16)$7((cid:6)(cid:6). Enter the corresponding sub-item.
1-1-3 Is this item included in the net value of the order?
____________________________________
1-1-4 What are the item categories in this order?
Item 10: _________________________________
Item 20: _________________________________
Item 30: _________________________________
© SAP AG LO605 6-13
第 108 页 / 共 417 页
1-2 Complete the following table:
Item Description Business Schedule Item relev. Pricing Structure
category data lines for scope
permitted delivery
TAN Standard item
TANN Free-of-charge
item
TAP Extent delivered
TAQ Extent delivered
TATX Text item
TAD Service
TAE Not priced
1-3 Why is the item category in the order automatically proposed by the system? Look
for the relevant table in Customizing. What are the key fields for automatically
determining the item categories?
1st key field: _________________________________
2nd key field: _________________________________
3rd key field: _________________________________
4th key field: _________________________________
1-4 Complete the following table:
Sales Item Item Higher- Default Manual Manual
document category usage level item item item item
type group category category category category
IN DIEN
OR TEXT
OR NORM
OR NORM TAN
OR NORM TAP
OR NORM TAQ
ZA## ERLA
ZA## ERLA TAQ
ZA## LUMF
ZA## LUMF TAP
© SAP AG LO605 6-14
| Item | Description | Business | Schedule | Item relev. | Pricing | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| category | data | lines | for | scope | ||
| permitted | delivery | |||||
| TAN | Standard item | |||||
| TANN | Free-of-charge | |||||
| item | ||||||
| TAP | Extent delivered | |||||
| TAQ | Extent delivered | |||||
| TATX | Text item | |||||
| TAD | Service | |||||
| TAE | Not priced |
| Sales | Item | Item | Higher- | Default | Manual | Manual |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| document | category | usage | level item | item | item | item |
| type | group | category | category | category | category | |
| IN | DIEN | |||||
| OR | TEXT | |||||
| OR | NORM | |||||
| OR | NORM | TAN | ||||
| OR | NORM | TAP | ||||
| OR | NORM | TAQ | ||||
| ZA## | ERLA | |||||
| ZA## | ERLA | TAQ | ||||
| ZA## | LUMF | |||||
| ZA## | LUMF | TAP |
第 109 页 / 共 417 页
1-5 2SWLRQDO
Your customer 7(cid:16)6(cid:25)(cid:21)$(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)places a standard order with purchase order number
(cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)25(cid:19)(cid:25) in sales area (cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:19).
1-5-1 Enter the standard order with a requested delivery date of one week from
today. Enter the following positions:
Material: 7(cid:16)$7$(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:24)(cid:3)XQLWV(cid:12)
Material: 7(cid:16)=6$(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)((cid:22)(cid:3)KRXUV)
Which item category groups are assigned to the materials?
Item 10: _________________________________
Item 20: _________________________________
1-5-2 Which item categories are used? In Customizing, check which of the item
categories are relevant for delivery and pricing.
Item Pricing Sched. line Item relev.
category allowed for delivery
Item 10
Item 20
1-5-3 Deliver the order with purchase order number (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)25(cid:19)(cid:25). Delivery
items are generated for which order items?
_________________________________
© SAP AG LO605 6-15
| Item | Pricing | Sched. line | Item relev. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| category | allowed | for delivery | ||
| Item 10 | ||||
| Item 20 |
第 110 页 / 共 417 页
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At the end of these exercises, you will be able to:
• Create master records for sales BOMs
• Control BOMs in sales documents
You often have to explode BOMs in sales documents. In the process, you
have to determine, for example, at which level price determination and/or
transfer of requirements is performed.
2-1 You want your material 7(cid:16))8$(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)in plant:(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:19) to appear as a bill of material in
your sales documents.
2-1-1 Create a sales bill of material (usage: (cid:24)(cid:3)Sales) for this material with
components 7(cid:16)$7$(cid:6)(cid:6), 7(cid:16)$7)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)and 7(cid:16)$7*(cid:6)(cid:6) (one unit each). Configure
the bill of material items as stock items (/).
2-1-2 Create an order for your customer 7(cid:16)6(cid:25)(cid:21)$(cid:6)(cid:6) and your material 7(cid:16))8$(cid:6)(cid:6)
(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)XQLWV(cid:12). The purchase order number is (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)25(cid:19)(cid:26).
Does the system explode the bill of material?
____________________________________________________________
Why or why not?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
© SAP AG LO605 6-16
第 111 页 / 共 417 页
2-1-3 In future, you only want to determine the prices for the finished product.
You want to list the individual components of the finished product for
informational purposes. Change the material master for your material
7(cid:16))8$(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)so that pricing only takes place at the main item level.
2-1-4 Check the effects of your change in the sales document by creating a new
order for customer 7(cid:16)6(cid:25)(cid:21)$(cid:6)(cid:6) ordering material 7(cid:16))8$(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)XQLWV(cid:12)(cid:17)
Does the system explode the bill of material?
Which items affect the net value of the order?
PO number: (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)7$(cid:19)(cid:27)
2-1-5 Change your material 7(cid:16))8$(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)so that pricing only takes place at the sub-
item level.
2-1-6 Check the effects of your change in the sales document by creating a new
order for customer 7(cid:16)6(cid:25)(cid:21)$(cid:6)(cid:6) ordering material 7(cid:16))8$(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)XQLWV(cid:12)(cid:17)
Does the system explode the bill of material?
Which items affect the net value of the order?
PO number: (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)7$(cid:19)(cid:28)
© SAP AG LO605 6-17
第 112 页 / 共 417 页
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1-1 Add to the order with purchase order number (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)7$(cid:19)(cid:24).
1-1-1 Material: 7(cid:16)$7((cid:6)(cid:6) ((cid:20)(cid:25)(cid:3)XQLWV)
Delivery date: 7ZR(cid:3)ZHHNV(cid:3)IURP(cid:3)WRGD\
1-1-2 Enter the sub-item.
Material: 7(cid:16)$7((cid:6)(cid:6) ((cid:20)(cid:3)XQLW)
Higher-level item: (cid:21)(cid:19)
1-1-3 Is this item included in the net value of the order?
Select the free goods item and choose ,WHP(cid:3)FRQGLWLRQV.
1R(cid:17)(cid:3)7KH(cid:3)QHW(cid:3)YDOXH(cid:3)RI(cid:3)WKH(cid:3)LWHP(cid:3)LV(cid:3)]HUR(cid:17)
1-1-4 Determine the item categories.
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Item 10: 7$1
Item 20: 7$1
Item 30: TANN
© SAP AG LO605 6-18
第 113 页 / 共 417 页
1-2 Check the definitions of the respective item categories.
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Item Description Business Schedule Item Pricing Structure
category data lines relev. for scope
permitted delivery
TAN Standard item [ [ (cid:16) ; (cid:16)
TANN Free-of-charge [ [ (cid:16) % (cid:16)
item
TAP Extent delivered (cid:16) [ (cid:16) (cid:16) $
TAQ Extent delivered [ [ ; $
TATX Text item (cid:16) (cid:16) [ (cid:16) (cid:16)
TAD Service [ [ (cid:16) ; (cid:16)
TAE Not priced (cid:16) [ (cid:16) (cid:16) (cid:16)
1-3 Check the assignment of the respective item categories.
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2nd key field: ,W&*U ,WHP(cid:3)FDWHJRU\(cid:3)JURXS
3rd key field: 8VDJH ,WHP(cid:3)XVDJH
4th key field: +OHY,W&D ,WHP(cid:3)FDWHJRU\(cid:3)RI(cid:3)KLJKHU(cid:16)OHYHO(cid:3)LWHP
1-4
Sales Item Item Higher- Default Manual Manual
document category usage level item item item item
type group category category category category
IN DIEN $);
OR TEXT $*7;
OR NORM 7$1 7$3 7$4
OR NORM TAN 7$11
OR NORM TAP 7$1
OR NORM TAQ 7$(
ZA## ERLA 7$4
ZA## ERLA TAQ 7$(
ZA## LUMF 7$3
ZA## LUMF TAP 7$1
© SAP AG LO605 6-19
| Item | Description | Business | Schedule | Item | Pricing | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| category | data | lines | relev. for | scope | ||
| permitted | delivery | |||||
| TAN | Standard item | [ [ (cid:16) [ (cid:16) [ (cid:16) | [ [ [ [ (cid:16) [ [ | (cid:16) (cid:16) (cid:16) [ (cid:16) (cid:16) | ; % (cid:16) ; (cid:16) ; (cid:16) | |
| TANN | Free-of-charge | |||||
| item | ||||||
| TAP | Extent delivered | |||||
| TAQ | Extent delivered | |||||
| TATX | Text item | |||||
| TAD | Service | |||||
| TAE | Not priced |
| Sales | Item | Item | Higher- | Default | Manual | Manual |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| document | category | usage | level item | item | item | item |
| type | group | category | category | category | category | |
| IN | DIEN | $); $*7; 7$1 7$11 7$1 7$( 7$4 7$( 7$3 7$1 | 7$3 | |||
| OR | TEXT | |||||
| OR | NORM | |||||
| OR | NORM | TAN | ||||
| OR | NORM | TAP | ||||
| OR | NORM | TAQ | ||||
| ZA## | ERLA | |||||
| ZA## | ERLA | TAQ | ||||
| ZA## | LUMF | |||||
| ZA## | LUMF | TAP |
第 114 页 / 共 417 页
1-5 Create the sales order.
1-5-1 Navigate from the order to the material master record
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(QYLURQPHQW(cid:3) (cid:3)’LVSOD\(cid:3)PDWHULDO(cid:15)(cid:3)and then select tab page “Sales” in the
material master: SalesOrg2, (cid:3)
Item 10: Item category group: 1250
Item 20: Item category group: /(,6
1-5-2
Item Pricing Sched. line Item relev.
category allowed for delivery
Item 10 7$1 ; ; (cid:16)
Item 20 7$’ ; ; (cid:16)
1-5-3 A delivery item is generated for the standard item.
© SAP AG LO605 6-20
| Item | Pricing | Sched. line | Item relev. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| category | allowed | for delivery | ||
| Item 10 | 7$1 | ; | ; | |
| Item 20 | 7$’ | ; | ; |
第 115 页 / 共 417 页
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2-1 Enter and work with a bill of material.
2-1-1 Enter the bill of material into an order.
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BOM item category: /(cid:3)6WRFN(cid:3)LWHP
2-1-2 Enter the bill of material into an order.
7KH(cid:3)%20(cid:3)LV(cid:3)QRW(cid:3)H[SORGHG(cid:17)
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2-1-3 Change the item category group in the material master of the main item in
the BOM.
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Distribution channel: (cid:20)(cid:19)
Item category group: (5/$
© SAP AG LO605 6-21
第 116 页 / 共 417 页
2-1-4 Create an order.
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2-1-5 Change the item category group in the material master of the main item in
the BOM.
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Distribution channel: (cid:20)(cid:19)
Item category group: /80)
2-1-6 Create an order.
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© SAP AG LO605 7-4
第 121 页 / 共 417 页
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(cid:140)
Different schedule line categories are delivered with the system to provide different control options
for the items throughout the sales process. You can use them as is or as templates for creating your
own schedule line categories.
(cid:140)
The schedule line category is defined with a two-character key. The standard system already
includes keys that often indicate the usage of the schedule line category.
• The first character indicates the sales process in which the schedule line category is used.
A = Inquiry B = Quotation
C = Order D = Returns
• The second character in the key indicates what happens to the schedule line within logistics.
T = No inventory management X = No inventory management with goods issue
N = No materials planning P = Material requirements planning
V = Consumption-based planning
(cid:140)
You can decide if you would like to keep the standard keys or define your own so that the
abbreviation refers to your sales document types and how the category is configured.
© SAP AG LO605 7-5
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(cid:140)
Schedule lines contain delivery dates and quantities as well as information about the requirements
transfer and inventory management. They are a prerequisite for delivering materials.
(cid:140)
In Customizing for item categories, you decide if you will allow schedule lines for the item. You
can assign schedule line categories to each item category. By defining a schedule line category, you
determine which schedule lines are actually relevant for delivery. You must activate the relevant to
delivery indicator if you want the goods to be physically delivered.
(cid:140)
In the schedule line category you set the movement type to control which changes to quantities and
values are posted to inventory accounting. Inventory management is responsible for maintaining the
movement types. Movement types have been configured for all processes in the SAP standard
system. Many of the movement types relevant to SD are between 601 and 699.
(cid:140)
You can deactivate requirements transfer and availability checks at the schedule line level.
(cid:140)
A prerequisite for the purchase order is typically a purchase requisition and this document can be
automatically generated from the sales document. To do this, you need to configure the purchase
order type as well as item and account assignment categories in the purchase order.
(cid:140)
If you activate a delivery block in the schedule line category, this block is automatically set at the
schedule line level in the sales document.
© SAP AG LO605 7-6
第 123 页 / 共 417 页
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ª SAP AG 1999
(cid:140)
Examples in the R/3 standard system.
(cid:140)
Schedule lines in quotations are not relevant for delivery. The requirements transfer is inactive in
the schedule line category. Goods movements are not necessary in your warehouses so no
movement type is needed..
(cid:140)
Since schedule lines from category CP generate delivery items in the sales order, the relevant to
delivery indicator is activated. The requirements transfer is active in the schedule line category.
Complete Customizing for requirements transfer (for example, for requirements planning) requires
you to define and assign the requirements class. The goods movement is controlled by movement
type 601. With this movement type, when the goods issue for the delivery is posted, the quantity
shipped is taken from unrestricted use stocks.
(cid:140)
If you want a returns delivery to follow a return order, you need a schedule line category that is
relevant for delivery. In this case, transferring requirements is not necessary. Movement type 651
enables you to make sure that goods receipt goes to blocked stock returns.
© SAP AG LO605 7-7
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© SAP AG LO605 7-8
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(cid:140)
Schedule line categories are assigned to item categories.
(cid:140)
The purpose of this assignment is to:
Ø
Configure the system to propose a schedule line category automatically when you create an order
Ø
Determine the schedule line categories that the user can choose instead of the system proposal
(cid:140)
The assignment is influenced by the materials requirements planning (MRP) type in the material
master record.
(cid:140)
The system takes two steps to automatically determine the schedule line category:
Ø
First it tries to determine the schedule line category using the key combination of item category
and MRP type.
Ø
If no schedule line category is found, the system searches for the key combination of item
category / no MRP type.
第 125 页 / 共 417 页
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© SAP AG LO605 7-9
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At the end of these exercises, you will be able to:
• Configure the Customizing of schedule line categories
• Explain and control the automatic determination of schedule line
categories
The schedule lines contain delivery quantities and dates for a sales
document item. Later on in the business process, a schedule line can
either create an item in a delivery or it can transfer the data to a
subsequent sales document. You use the schedule line category to decide,
for example, whether the system should check availability or transfer
requirements for that schedule line.
1-1 Customer 7(cid:16)6(cid:25)(cid:21)$(cid:6)(cid:6) requests a quotation for 10 units of material 7(cid:16)$7$(cid:6)(cid:6).
1-1-1 Enter the quotation with purchase order number (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)27(cid:19)(cid:21). The
quotation should be valid for a month.
1-1-2 On what date has the delivery of the schedule line been confirmed?
Confirmed date: _________________________________
1-1-3 Which item and schedule line categories have been determined?
Item category: _________________________________
Schedule line category: _________________________________
1-1-4 How does the schedule line category control this schedule line?
Item relev. for delivery _________________________________
Requirements transfer: _________________________________
Availability check: _________________________________
© SAP AG LO605 7-10
第 127 页 / 共 417 页
1-1-5 Try to deliver the quotation (change the delivery selection date to the
schedule line confirmed date).
Can you do it?
____________________________________________________________
1-2 Complete the following table:
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AT Inquiry schedule line
BN No MRP
BP Deterministic MRP
CN No MRP
CP Deterministic MRP
DN Returns
1-3 After a comprehensive check of your quotation, customer 7(cid:16)6(cid:25)(cid:21)$(cid:6)(cid:6) places an
order with you.
1-3-1 Enter a standard order with reference to the quotation created in previous
exercise (order will use purchase order number (cid:6)(cid:6)/2(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:16)25(cid:20)(cid:19)). Copy the
quotation completely into the order.
1-3-2 On what date has the delivery of the schedule line been confirmed?
Confirmed date: _________________________________
1-3-3 Which item and schedule line categories have been determined?
Item category: _________________________________
Schedule line category: _________________________________
1-3-4 How does the schedule line category control this schedule line?
Item relev. for delivery _________________________________
Movement type: _________________________________
Requirements transfer: _________________________________
Availability check: _________________________________
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| AT | Inquiry schedule line | ||||
| BN | No MRP | ||||
| BP | Deterministic MRP | ||||
| CN | No MRP | ||||
| CP | Deterministic MRP | ||||
| DN | Returns |