SCM615_EN_Col92_FV_Part_A4 (第4页)

第 159 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Account Determination Process and Areas

Exercise 11: Account Determination

Process and Areas

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Describethecriteriafor accountdetermination

• Carryouttheprocedurefor accountdetermination

Business Example

Youwanttoimproveaccountdeterminationatyourcompanyforagreementsin

FinancialAccounting. Someofyourcustomersareaffiliatedcompanies. Inthe

future, you want sales revenue from these customers to be posted to a special

account for sales revenue from affiliated companies. Create a new account

assignment group for customers in order to differentiate between your normal

customersandyour affiliated companycustomers.

Task 1:

YourcustomerT-S66B##isoneofyouraffiliatedcompanies. Thesalesrevenues

that you receive from thiscustomer are to be posted to account 802000 in the

future.

1. InCustomizing,savegroup80+##(exampleforgroup13: enter80+13=93)

asanewaccount assignmentgroupforcustomers.

2. ChangetheaccountgroupforcustomerT-S66B##inthecustomermaster

recordto80+##,inordertocreatetherequireddifferentiation.

Task 2:

Displaytheaccountingdocumentforthebillingdocumentthatyouhavealready

createdintheunitCreatingBillingDocuments,thatis,thebillingdocumentfor

thestandardorderwiththepurchaseordernumber##Lo615-A6.

1. Whichaccounthavethesalesrevenuesbeenpostedtouptonow?

________________________________________________________________

Task 3:

Inthefuture,thesalesrevenueofaffiliatedcompaniesistobepostedtoaccount

802000.

1. FirstcheckwhichaccountkeyisassignedtotheconditiontypePR00inthe

pricingprocedureRVAA01,whichyouareusing. Writeitdown.

Continued on next page

133

第 160 页 / 共 217 页

Unit9: AccountDetermination SCM615

________________________________________________________________

2. Whenthefollowingcombinationoccurs-salesorganization1000,account

assignmentgroupofthecustomeris80+##,accountassignmentgroupofthe

materialis01,andtheaccountkeydescribedabove-postingshouldbemade

toaccount802000. Inwhichconditiontabledoyouneedtomakeanentry?

Hint: Up to now, G/L account assignment has been made by

key fields previously defined during account determination

(salesorganization, account assignment groupcustomer, account

assignmentgroupmaterial, andaccountkey).

________________________________________________________________

3. Carry this out in Customizing.

Note: ApplicationV,conditiontypeKOFIandchartofaccountsINT.

4. Have alook at the result of your work by creating and billing a standard

order(OR)foryourcustomerT-S66B##,materialT-ASA##(1piece),and

purchase order number ##LO615-KO. Carry out all the necessary steps

(creatingoutbounddelivery,postingpicking,andgoodsissue). Analyzethe

postinginFinancialAccountingbyviewingtheaccountingdocument.

134

第 161 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Account Determination Process and Areas

Solution 11: Account Determination

Process and Areas

Task 1:

YourcustomerT-S66B##isoneofyouraffiliatedcompanies. Thesalesrevenues

that you receive from thiscustomer are to be posted to account 802000 in the

future.

1. InCustomizing,savegroup80+##(exampleforgroup13: enter80+13=93)

asanewaccount assignmentgroupforcustomers.

a) Customizing:

Sales and Distribution → Basic Functions → Account

Assignment/Costing → Revenue Account Determination → Check

MasterDataRelevantforAccountAssignment→Customers: Account

Assignment Groups

Enteraccountassignmentgroup80+##asanewentry. Description:

Revenues Group ##.

Example for group 13

Entry: Acc. assign. grp. customer: 93(80+13),Description: Revenues

group 13

2. ChangetheaccountgroupforcustomerT-S66B##inthecustomermaster

recordto80+##,inordertocreatetherequireddifferentiation.

a) Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Master Data → Business

Partner→Customer→Change→Complete

CustomerT-S66B##(Salesarea: 1000/10/00). Confirmyourentry.

Salesareadata-tabpage: chooseBillingDocument.

Enter your newly created account assignment group in theAccount

Assignment Group field.

Task 2:

Displaytheaccountingdocumentforthebillingdocumentthatyouhavealready

createdintheunitCreatingBillingDocuments,thatis,thebillingdocumentfor

thestandardorderwiththepurchaseordernumber##Lo615-A6.

1. Whichaccounthavethesalesrevenuesbeenpostedtouptonow?

Continued on next page

135

第 162 页 / 共 217 页

Unit9: AccountDetermination SCM615

________________________________________________________________

a) Logistics→SalesandDistribution→Billing→BillingDocument→

Display,chooseAccountingandselecttheaccountingdocument.

=>Allsalesrevenueshavesofarbeenpostedtoaccount800002.

Task 3:

Inthefuture,thesalesrevenueofaffiliatedcompaniesistobepostedtoaccount

802000.

1. FirstcheckwhichaccountkeyisassignedtotheconditiontypePR00inthe

pricingprocedureRVAA01,whichyouareusing. Writeitdown.

________________________________________________________________

a) Customizing:

Sales and Distribution → Basic Functions → Account

Assignment/Costing→RevenueAccountDetermination→Defineand

AssignAccountKeys→Assign accountkeys

ClickthestandardpricingprocedureProcedureRVAA01.

=>ConditiontypePR00isassignedtoaccountkeyERL.

2. Whenthefollowingcombinationoccurs-salesorganization1000,account

assignmentgroupofthecustomeris80+##,accountassignmentgroupofthe

materialis01,andtheaccountkeydescribedabove-postingshouldbemade

toaccount802000. Inwhichconditiontabledoyouneedtomakeanentry?

Hint: Up to now, G/L account assignment has been made by

key fields previously defined during account determination

(salesorganization, account assignment groupcustomer, account

assignmentgroupmaterial, andaccountkey).

Continued on next page

136

第 163 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Account Determination Process and Areas

________________________________________________________________

a) Customizing:

Sales and Distribution → Basic Functions → Account

Assignment/Costing → Revenue Account Determination→ Define

Access Sequences and Account Determination Types → Maintain

accesssequencesforaccountdetermination

Display theaccessesfortheaccesssequenceKOFI andtheselected

key fields.

Youmustmaintainthisentryforconditiontable001,whichcontains

the key fields for sales organizations, account assignment groups,

material and account keys.

3. Carry this out in Customizing.

Note: ApplicationV,conditiontypeKOFIandchartofaccountsINT.

a) Customizing:

Sales and Distribution → Basic Functions → Account

Assignment/Costing → Revenue Account Determination→ Assign

G/L Accounts:

Selecttable001andmake anew entry:

Application: V

Condition type: KOFI

Chart of accounts: INT

Sales organization: 1000

Customeraccountassignmentgroup: 80+##

Materialaccountassignmentgroup: 01

Account key: ERL

G/L account: 802000

4. Have a look at the result of your work by creating and billing a standard

order(OR)foryourcustomerT-S66B##,materialT-ASA##(1piece),and

purchase order number ##LO615-KO. Carry out all the necessary steps

(creatingoutbounddelivery,postingpicking,andgoodsissue). Analyzethe

postinginFinancialAccountingbyviewingtheaccountingdocument.

a) The sales revenues should now be posted to account 802000. In

the billing document, you can find more detailed information on

the account determination by choosing Environment → Account

DeterminationAnalysis→RevenueAccounts.

137

第 164 页 / 共 217 页

Unit9: AccountDetermination SCM615

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describethedifferentareasinwhichaccountdeterminationisused

• Describetheaccount determinationprocess

138

第 165 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Account Assignment for Business Areas

Lesson: Account Assignment for Business Areas

Lesson Overview

Thislessonfocusesontheprocessofbusinessareaaccountassignment.

You can define business areas by division, for example, to create “internal

balancesheets”orforinternalreportingpurposes. ThisiscarriedoutinFinancial

Accounting. The business areas that are determined can be viewed in the

accounting document. Determinationiscarriedoutper order itemin Salesand

Distribution, according to specific rules.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, youwillbeable to:

• Explaintheuseanddeterminationofbusinessareas

Business Example

Forthepurposesofyourcompany-specificreporting,businessareasaredefined,

for example, by individual sales divisions.

Figure 58: Business Areas

Acompanycoderepresentsanindependentaccountingunit. Thebalancesheet

andtheprofitandlossstatementrequiredbylawarecreatedatthislevel.

139

第 166 页 / 共 217 页

Unit9: AccountDetermination SCM615

Youcanusebusinessareastoreportfinancialinformationacrossseveralcompany

codeswithregardtosignificantfieldsofactivity(forexample,division-related).

Businessareabalancesheetsandprofitandlossstatementscanonlybeusedfor

internal reporting.

G/L accounts can beposted by business area.

ThebusinessareahasnofixedassignmentinCustomizing; itisdeterminedper

order item according to certain rules.

Figure 59: Determining the Business Area

Youcanspecifytherulesyouwanttousefordeterminingthebusinessareafor

each sales area.

Threerulesareavailable(thiscannot beextended):

• Businessareaassignmentbyplantanditemdivision

• Business area assignment by sales area

• Businessareaassignmentbysalesorganization, distribution channel, and

item division

Thiscanleadtodifferentbusinessareasbeingdeterminedforseveralitemswithin

thesameorder. Thesystemwillautomaticallycreateseveralaccountsreceivable

postinglinesfortherelevantbusinessareaswhenthisoccurs.

140

第 167 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Account Assignment for Business Areas

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explaintheuseanddeterminationofbusinessareas

141

第 168 页 / 共 217 页

UnitSummary SCM615

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describethedifferentareasinwhichaccountdeterminationisused

• Describetheaccount determinationprocess

• Explaintheuseanddeterminationofbusinessareas

142

第 169 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

1. Who or which area defines businessareas?

2. Do business areas have to be defined?

3. Howmanyrulesaretherefordeterminingbusinessareas?

143

第 170 页 / 共 217 页

TestYourKnowledge SCM615

Answers

1. Who or whicharea defines businessareas?

Answer: BusinessareasaredefinedinFinancialAccounting.

2. Do business areas have to be defined?

Answer: No. Working with businessareas isoptional. It is not required

by law.

3. Howmanyrulesaretherefordeterminingbusinessareas?

Answer: There are three rules.

144

第 171 页 / 共 217 页

第 172 页 / 共 217 页

第 173 页 / 共 217 页

Unit 10

SD/FI Interface

Unit Overview

Thepreviousunitcoveredaveryimportantaspectofintegrationintheformofthe

automaticdeterminationofaccounts. Thisunitdealswithfurtherspecialfeatures

oftheinterfacebetweenSalesandDistributionandFinancialAccounting,which

wasdevelopedforvariouspurposes. Controllingforthisiscarriedoutatvarious

locations,suchasincopyingcontrolordirectlyinthebillingtype.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Explainhowtopreventthesystemfromautomaticallygeneratingaccounting

documents

• DescribedifferentfieldsfortransferringdatafromSalesandDistributionto

Financial Accounting(for example, forclearing)

• ExplainhowpartnersaretransferredfromSalesandDistributionintermsof

therelationshipbetweentheheadofficeandthebranchoffices

• Outlinehownegativepostings, thedocumenttype,andvaluedatedcredit

memos affect the billing type

Unit Contents

Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields ....................................146

Exercise 12: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields...........................155

145

第 174 页 / 共 217 页

Unit10: SD/FIInterface SCM615

Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields

Lesson Overview

This lesson focuses on selected fields in the interface between Sales and

Distribution and Financial Accounting. It will discuss the option available for

preventingaccountingdocumentsfrombeingcreatedautomaticallyanddescribe

various fields for transferring data from Sales and Distribution to Financial

Accounting.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Explainhowtopreventthesystemfromautomaticallygeneratingaccounting

documents

• DescribedifferentfieldsfortransferringdatafromSalesandDistributionto

FinancialAccounting(for example, forclearing)

• ExplainhowpartnersaretransferredfromSalesandDistributionintermsof

therelationshipbetweentheheadofficeandthebranchoffices

• Outlinehownegativepostings, thedocumenttype, andvaluedatedcredit

memos affect the billing type

Business Example

Youwanttocarryoutanadditionalcheckoftheinvoicebeforedataistransferred

to Financial Accounting.

YoushouldalsotransferspecificinformationforFinancialAccountingwithregard

toassigninganddifferentiatingtransactionswithinAccounting.

Figure 60: Link to Financial Accounting

146

第 175 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields

The system sends billing data in invoices, credit memos, and debit memos to

FinancialAccountingandpoststhemtothecorrectaccounts.

Thefollowingdatacanbechangedbeforeanaccountingdocumentiscreated:

• Billing date

• Pricing

• Account determination

• Output determination data

Oncethebillingdocument hasbeenreleasedtoaccounts, you can onlychange

output data.

Figure 61: Posting block

Normally,thesystemautomaticallytransfersaccounting-relateddatatoFinancial

Accounting.

However,youmightnotwantthedatatobetransferredautomaticallyforcertain

billingtypes. Inthatcaseyoucansetapostingblockforthebillingtypeconcerned.

The system will then generate the accounting documents only after you have

released the billing documents.

147

第 176 页 / 共 217 页

Unit10: SD/FIInterface SCM615

ThisallowsyoutogenerateSalesandDistributionbillingdocumentsfirst,then

printoutthebillingdocumentsandfinally,transferthemtoFinancialAccounting.

Inthisway you canimprovesystemperformance.

Hint: The system either generates all or none of the accounting

documents. Thismeansthatifthepostingblockisactive,orerrorshave

occurred during account determination, thesystem will not create CO

documents. Theaccountingdocumentswillnotbecreateduntilyouhave

de-activatedtheblockor corrected the error.

Figure 62: Reference Numbersand Allocation Numbers

YoucanautomaticallyfilltheReferencenumberandAllocationnumberfieldsin

theaccountingdocumentwithnumbersfromSDdocuments.

Thereferencenumber isin the header of the accounting document andis used

for clearing.

The allocation number is in thecustomer line item and is used for sortingline

numbers.

148

第 177 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields

InCustomizingforcopyingcontrolinbilling,youcandefinewhichnumberswill

be copied asreferenceor allocation numbers:

• A - Purchase order number

• B - Sales order number

• C - Delivery number

• D - External delivery number

• E - Billing document number

• F-Externaldeliverynumberifavailable,otherwisedeliverynumber

Figure 63: Reference Numbers in Invoice Lists

Youmustfirstcreatebillingdocumentsandpost themtoFinancialAccounting

before you combine them in an invoice list. The number that was saved as a

referencenumberincopyingcontrolisthentransferredtoFinancialAccounting.

When the invoice list is created, the reference number from the invoice list

overwritesthereferencenumbersfromtheindividualbillingdocuments.

Thisenablesyoutopostincomingpaymentswiththeinvoicelistnumber.

149

第 178 页 / 共 217 页

Unit10: SD/FIInterface SCM615

Figure 64: Transaction-Related Document Types

YoucandifferentiatebetweendocumentsinFinancialAccountingbyusingthe

documenttype. Thisisstoredinthedocumentheader.

Up until now, the system has given all Sales and Distribution documents the

Financial Accounting document type RV.

YoucancarryoutdifferentiatedevaluationsinFinancialAccountingandcontrol

differentiatednumberassignments,byusingtheDocumenttypefieldwithinthe

billingdocumenttypeconfiguration. Thisenablesyoutotransferthedocument

type for each different billing type.

If there is no information in this field, the system will continue to transfer the

documenttypeRVtoFinancialAccountingacrosstheFI/COinterface.

Figure 65: Head Office and Branches

150

第 179 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields

Whenmaintainingmaster data, you canrepresent therelationship betweenthe

head office and its branches.

You can either represent this relationship with the partner functions in Sales

andDistribution,orwiththeHeadoffice fieldintheaccountingsegmentof the

customer master record.

Up until now, you had tomaintain theaccounting segment completely for this

functionforbothcustomers. Ifaccountingdatawasmissingforthebranch, the

systemcouldcreatebillingdocumentsforthebranchbutcouldnottransferthem

to Financial Accounting.

The partner functions in Sales and Distribution vary enormously according to

customerrequirements. Forexample, thesold-topartycanalsofunctionasthe

ship-to party.

Customersthereforeaskedwhetheritwouldbepossiblenottohavetomaintain

theaccountingsegmentifthebranchofacompanyactedasthesold-topartyand

therefore, asapureSalesandDistribution customer.

You can use the Head office/branch field in the billing type to control which

partner functions in the billing document should be transferred to Financial

Accounting. The characteristics of this field then decide whether the sold-to

partyorthepayershouldbeenteredintheKUNNR(customernumber)fieldin

the billing header.

Ifyouleavethisfieldblank,thesystemwillignoreanyrelationshipstoredinthe

FinancialAccountingHeadofficefield. Foralltheothersettings,therelationship

storedinFinancialAccountinghaspriorityovertherelationshipdescribedbythe

Sales and Distribution partner functions.

Figure 66: Negative Postings

IntheSAP standard system, cancellationsand credit memosareposted onthe

oppositesideoftheaccountascomparedtopostingreceivablestothecustomer.

151

第 180 页 / 共 217 页

Unit10: SD/FIInterface SCM615

Inthetotalslinefortheaccount,“sales”havebeenrecordedonbothaccountsides.

Thetotalisgreaterthanzerobutnothinghasbeensold.

Customersrequestedthatcreditmemosandcancellationscouldbepostedonthe

sameside asreceivables. This allowstheaccount tohave azero balance. The

totalslineintheaccountcanalsobezero,inotherwords,asaledoesnottakeplace.

Ifyouwishtodothis,youmustactivatetheNegativepostingsfieldforthebilling

types for credit memos and cancellations.

ThesystemtransfersthisinformationtoFinancialAccountingacrosstheFI-CO

interface.

This setting only changes the display of open items. It has no effect on the

processes in Financial Accounting.

NotethatnegativepostingonlytakesplaceinFinancialAccountingifpermitted

bythecompanycode. (Thisiscontrolledintable001.)

Figure 67: Value Dated Credit Memos

Previously, when creating credit memo requests with reference to a billing

document, thebillingdates(suchasthebaselinedateforpayment) for thetwo

billing documents were different. This made it impossible to reconcile the

receivables and payables.

The period for the billing document baseline payment date can be used as the

basis for value dating the credit memo.

Controllingprocessingofcreditmemovaluedatingiscarriedout viatheValue

dated credit memo field in billing types.

Ifthisindicatorisblank,thentheprocedurecontinuesasusual,thatis,thecredit

memoisdueimmediatelyonthebillingdate. Thebaselinedateforpaymentisthe

sameasthebillingdateinthecredit memo. Thepayablesarereconciledinthe

next payment run in Financial Accounting.

152

第 181 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields

IftheValueDatedCreditMemofieldisselectedinthecreditmemobillingtype,

thereferencebillingdocumentisnotcleared,andifthebaselinedateforpayment

fortheoriginatingbillingdocumentisafterthebillingdateinthecreditmemo,

thebaselinepaymentdatefromtheoriginatingbillingdocumentisenteredinthe

ValueDate field (VALDT) in the credit memo.

Ifthebaselinedateforpaymentcomesbeforethecurrentbillingdateinthecredit

memo, however, thenthebillingdateisnotcopied.

153

第 182 页 / 共 217 页

Unit10: SD/FIInterface SCM615

154

第 183 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields

Exercise 12: Selected SD/FI Interface

Fields

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Explain theeffects of settinga posting block

• Describethesignificanceof-andconfigurationoptionsfor-fieldsthatare

usedtotransferdatafromSalesandDistributiontoFinancialAccounting

Business Example

The termsofpayment inthetrade fair billing documentsyou created are tobe

checkedbeforethedocumentsaresenttoFinancialAccounting. Therefore,you

want tomakesure tradefair billing documentsareindividually releasedrather

thanautomaticallytransferredintoFinancialAccounting.

Task 1:

Tradefair billing documentsshouldnot beforwarded to Financial Accounting

immediately after they are created.

1. SettheparametersforyourtradefairbillingtypeZF##thatarenecessaryto

achieve the desired result.

2. Test theresultsby setting upa new Salesand Distribution process inthe

system for processingthetradefair transaction, tradefair##-order, (order

typeZA##)(customer: T-S66A##, material:T-ASA##(1piece), purchase

order number: ##LO615-BS). What message appears when you savethe

billing document?

3. Afteryouhavecheckedthetermsofpayment,whatstepmustyoutaketo

create the accounting documents?

Therearetwowaystocarryoutthisstep. Namebothoptions.

4. Now, executethisstepinoneofthetwowaysyoulistedaboveinorderto

create the accounting documents.

Task 2:

Inthefirststep,seewhichnumbersfromSalesandDistributionhavealreadybeen

setintheaccountingdocumentuponbillingoftheirtradefairorders.

1. Displayanaccountingdocumentforatradefairbillingdocumentthathas

alreadybeencreated. Whichofthetwonumbersaretransferredandatwhat

level are they found?

Continued on next page

155

第 184 页 / 共 217 页

Unit10: SD/FIInterface SCM615

2. WhichnumbersfromSalesandDistributionareusedtofillthesefields?

3. WhereinCustomizingisthissettingmade? Gothere.

Task 3:

Infuture,youwanttotransferotherinformationwhenprocessingtradefairorders.

1. Configure the system so that the system transfers sales order numbers

whenbillingyourtradefairorderswithreferencetodeliveriesforclearing

purposes.

2. Usetheoptionforsortingindividualitemsbythebillingdocumentnumber

from Sales and Distribution.

3. Checkyoursettingsbycreatingafulltradefairtransactionwithbilling(trade

fair##order,(ordertypeZA##),customer: T-S66A##,material:T-ASA##

(1 piece), purchase order number: ##LO615-Ref). Go to the accounting

document to find the relevant information.

156

第 185 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields

Solution 12: Selected SD/FI Interface

Fields

Task 1:

Tradefair billing documentsshouldnot beforwarded to Financial Accounting

immediately after they are created.

1. SettheparametersforyourtradefairbillingtypeZF##thatarenecessaryto

achieve the desired result.

a) Customizing: SalesandDistribution→Billing→BillingDocuments

→ Define Billing Types

SelectyourtradefairbillingtypeZF##andsetthepostingblock.

2. Test theresultsby setting upa new Salesand Distribution process inthe

system for processingthetradefair transaction, tradefair##-order, (order

typeZA##)(customer: T-S66A##, material:T-ASA##(1piece), purchase

order number: ##LO615-BS). What message appears when you savethe

billing document?

a) Document(billingnumber)saved(accountingdocumentsnotcreated).

3. Afteryouhavecheckedthetermsofpayment,whatstepmustyoutaketo

create the accounting documents?

Therearetwowaystocarryoutthisstep. Namebothoptions.

a) One way is to call the billing document explicitly in the change

modeandstarttransfertoFinancialAccountingbyclickingRelease

to Accounting.

b) Theotherwayistotransferblockedbillingdocumentscollectively.

4. Now, executethisstepinoneofthetwowaysyoulistedaboveinorderto

create the accounting documents.

a) Transferblockedbillingdocumentscollectively:

Logistics→SalesandDistribution→Billing→Billing Document

→ Blocked Billing Docs

Salesorganization: 1000

Created by: SCM615-##(youruserID)

Incomplete dueto: Posting block

=>Thebillingdocumentcreatedaboveshouldappearinthelist.

=>SelectthebillingdocumentandchooseReleasebillingdocuments.

Continued on next page

157

第 186 页 / 共 217 页

Unit10: SD/FIInterface SCM615

Task 2:

Inthefirststep,seewhichnumbersfromSalesandDistributionhavealreadybeen

setintheaccountingdocumentuponbillingoftheirtradefairorders.

1. Displayanaccountingdocumentforatradefairbillingdocumentthathas

alreadybeencreated. Whichofthetwonumbersaretransferredandatwhat

level are they found?

a) Thereferencenumberandtheassignmentnumberarebothtransferred

toFinancialAccounting. Thereferencenumberisfoundatheaderlevel

andisused duringclearing, theassignmentnumber issavedatitem

level and is used for sorting line items.

2. WhichnumbersfromSalesandDistributionareusedtofillthesefields?

Reference number: Filled with the purchase order

number

Assignmentnumber: Filled withthe delivery number

(by double-clicking on the

customerpostingline)

3. WhereinCustomizingisthissettingmade? Gothere.

a) Customizing:

SalesandDistribution→Billing→BillingDocuments→Maintain

CopyingControlforBillingDocuments→Copyingcontrol: Delivery

documenttobillingdocument→FromsourceLFtotargetZF##:

Headerlevel→Fields: ReferencenumberandAssignmentNumber

Task 3:

Infuture,youwanttotransferotherinformationwhenprocessingtradefairorders.

1. Configure the system so that the system transfers sales order numbers

whenbillingyourtradefairorderswithreferencetodeliveriesforclearing

purposes.

a) IntheReferencenumberfieldincopyingcontrol, enterB(=sales

order number).

2. Usetheoptionforsortingindividualitemsbythebillingdocumentnumber

from Sales and Distribution.

a) IntheAssignmentnumberfieldincopyingcontrol,enterE(=current

billing document number).

Continued on next page

158

第 187 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Lesson: Selected SD/FI Interface Fields

3. Checkyoursettingsbycreatingafulltradefairtransactionwithbilling(trade

fair##order, (ordertypeZA##),customer: T-S66A##,material:T-ASA##

(1 piece), purchase order number: ##LO615-Ref). Go to the accounting

document to find the relevant information.

a) Thereferencenumberfieldshouldnowcontaintheordernumberand

theallocationnumberfieldshouldcontainthebillingdocumentnumber.

Caution: The accounting block for the trade fair order is

still active.

159

第 188 页 / 共 217 页

Unit10: SD/FIInterface SCM615

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explainhowtopreventthesystemfromautomaticallygeneratingaccounting

documents

• DescribedifferentfieldsfortransferringdatafromSalesandDistributionto

FinancialAccounting(for example, forclearing)

• ExplainhowpartnersaretransferredfromSalesandDistributionintermsof

therelationshipbetweentheheadofficeandthebranchoffices

• Outlinehownegativepostings, thedocumenttype, andvaluedatedcredit

memos affect the billing type

160

第 189 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Unit Summary

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explainhowtopreventthesystemfromautomaticallygeneratingaccounting

documents

• DescribedifferentfieldsfortransferringdatafromSalesandDistributionto

Financial Accounting(for example, forclearing)

• ExplainhowpartnersaretransferredfromSalesandDistributionintermsof

therelationshipbetweentheheadofficeandthebranchoffices

• Outlinehownegativepostings, thedocumenttype,andvaluedatedcredit

memos affect the billing type

161

第 190 页 / 共 217 页

UnitSummary SCM615

162

第 191 页 / 共 217 页

第 192 页 / 共 217 页

第 193 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Course Summary

Course Summary

You should now be able to:

• DescribetheintegrationofbillingwithintheSalesandDistributionprocess

chainandthetransferofdatatoFinancialAccounting

• CarryouttheCustomizingconfigurationsforyourcompany-specificbilling

requirements

163

第 194 页 / 共 217 页

CourseSummary SCM615

164

第 195 页 / 共 217 页

Appendix 1

Additional Technical Information

Figure 68: Roles for Billing in Sales and Distribution

Aroleisalogicallyrelatedgroupoftransactions. Thesetransactionsrepresentthe

functionalscopetypicallyrequiredbyauserinhisorherwork.

Activitygroups(userroles)aresetupusingtheProfileGeneratortoenableusers

oftheSAPSystemtoworkwithuser-specificandworkcenter-specificmenus.

Activitygroupsarealsousedtoassignauthorizationstousersfor theactivities

contained in the menus. As of Release 4.6, the standard system contains

predefinedactivitygroups(userroles)forallapplicationareas.

Intheaboveexample,youcanseetheroleSAP_LO_SD_BILLING_PROCESS-

ING with the transactions that have beenassigned to it. This role is included

in the standard system.

165

第 196 页 / 共 217 页

Appendix1: AdditionalTechnicalInformation SCM615

ThisrolegroupstogetherallthefunctionsthatareavailableforbillinginSales

Processing. Itcoverscreatingandchangingbillingdocuments,releasingblocked

billing documents, list functions for billing documents, output from billing

documents and retro-billing.

Figure69: StandardRolesforBillingin SalesandDistribution

ThisslideshowsyouanoverviewoftherolesavailableforbillinginSalesand

Distribution in the standard system.

Eachrolecontainsthemaintransactionsforcarryingouttheprocessdescribed.

Frequently Used Menu Paths in this Course

Task Menu Path

Master data Displaysold-toparty Logistics → Sales

and Distribution →

MasterData→Business

Partner→Customer→

Display→Complete

Displaymaterial Logistics → Sales and

Distribution → Master

Data → Products →

Material → Other

Material→Display

Display condition Logistics → Sales and

records (prices, Distribution → Master

surcharges, and Data → Conditions

discounts) → Display → Prices,

Discounts/Surcharges,

Freight, Taxes

166

	Task	Menu Path

Master data	Displaysold-toparty	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → MasterData→Business Partner→Customer→ Display→Complete
	Displaymaterial	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Master Data → Products → Material → Other Material→Display

第 197 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Appendix 1: Additional Technical Information

Task Menu Path

Logistics → Sales and

Distribution → Master

Data → Conditions →

Select Using Condition

Type

Orderprocessing Create/change/display Logistics → Sales

order and Distribution →

Sales → Order →

Create/Change/Display

Outlineagreements Create/change/display Logistics → Sales

contract and Distribution →

Sales → Contract →

Create/Change/Display

Shippingprocessing Create/change/display Logistics → Sales and

delivery Distribution→Shipping

and Transportation →

Outbound Delivery →

Single Document →

Create/Change/Display

Createtransferorder Logistics → Sales and

Distribution→Shipping

and Transportation

→ Picking → Create

TransferOrder→Single

Document

Post goodsissue Logistics → Sales and

Distribution→Shipping

and Transportation

→ Post Goods Issue

→ Outbound Delivery

SingleDocument

Billingprocessing Create/change/display Logistics → Sales and

billingdocument Distribution → Billing

→BillingDocument→

Create/Change/Display

167

	Task	Menu Path
		or Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Master Data → Conditions → Select Using Condition Type

Orderprocessing	Create/change/display order	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Order → Create/Change/Display

Outlineagreements	Create/change/display contract	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Contract → Create/Change/Display

Shippingprocessing	Create/change/display delivery	Logistics → Sales and Distribution→Shipping and Transportation → Outbound Delivery → Single Document → Create/Change/Display
	Createtransferorder	Logistics → Sales and Distribution→Shipping and Transportation → Picking → Create TransferOrder→Single Document
	Post goodsissue	Logistics → Sales and Distribution→Shipping and Transportation → Post Goods Issue → Outbound Delivery SingleDocument

Billingprocessing	Create/change/display billingdocument	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing →BillingDocument→ Create/Change/Display

第 198 页 / 共 217 页

Appendix1: AdditionalTechnicalInformation SCM615

Task Menu Path

Cancelbillingdocument Logistics → Sales and

Distribution → Billing

→BillingDocument→

Cancel

Processing billing due Logistics → Sales and

lists Distribution → Billing

→BillingDocument→

ProcessBillingDueList

Billinginthebackground Logistics → Sales and

Distribution → Billing

→BillingDocuments→

BackgroundProcessing

Display list of billing Logistics → Sales and

documentscreated Distribution → Billing

→ Information System

→BillingDocuments→

ListBillingDocuments

Display list of blocked Logistics → Sales and

billingdocuments Distribution → Billing

→BillingDocument→

BlockedBillingDocs

Display accounting Logistics → Sales and

documents Distribution → Billing

→ Billing Document

→ Display → Button:

Accounting

Create/change/display Logistics → Sales and

invoice list Distribution → Billing

→ Invoice List →

Create/Change/Display

Processinvoiceworklist Logistics → Sales and

Distribution → Billing

→Invoice List → Work

ListforInvoiceLists

Financialaccounting Display customer line Logistics → Sales and

items Distribution → Billing

→ Environment →

AccountsReceivable

168

	Task	Menu Path
	Cancelbillingdocument	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing →BillingDocument→ Cancel
	Processing billing due lists	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing →BillingDocument→ ProcessBillingDueList
	Billinginthebackground	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing →BillingDocuments→ BackgroundProcessing
	Display list of billing documentscreated	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing → Information System →BillingDocuments→ ListBillingDocuments
	Display list of blocked billingdocuments	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing →BillingDocument→ BlockedBillingDocs
	Display accounting documents	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing → Billing Document → Display → Button: Accounting
	Create/change/display invoice list	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing → Invoice List → Create/Change/Display
	Processinvoiceworklist	Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Billing →Invoice List → Work ListforInvoiceLists

第 199 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Appendix 1: Additional Technical Information

Task Menu Path

Accounting→Financial

Accounting→Accounts

Receivable→Account→

Display/Change Line

Items

Incoming payment for Accounting→Financial

downpaymentrequest Accounting→Accounts

Receivable→Document

Entry→DownPayment

→DownPayment

Customizing Task Menu Path

Initial Tools → Customizing

→ IMG → Execute

Project→Goto→SAP

ReferenceIMG

Organizationalunits Defining organizational Enterprise Structure →

unitsinSDandFI Definition → Financial

AccountingorSalesand

Distribution

Assigningorganizational Enterprise Structure →

unitsinSDandFI Assignment→Financial

AccountingorSalesand

Distribution

Sales Definingsalesdocument Sales and Distribution

types → Sales → Sales

Documents → Sales

Document Header →

Define Sales Document

Types

Definingitemcategories Sales and Distribution

→ Sales → Sales

Documents → Sales

Document Item →

DefineItemCategories

169

	Task	Menu Path
		or Accounting→Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→Account→ Display/Change Line Items
	Incoming payment for downpaymentrequest	Accounting→Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→Document Entry→DownPayment →DownPayment

Customizing	Task	Menu Path

Initial		Tools → Customizing → IMG → Execute Project→Goto→SAP ReferenceIMG

Organizationalunits	Defining organizational unitsinSDandFI	Enterprise Structure → Definition → Financial AccountingorSalesand Distribution
	Assigningorganizational unitsinSDandFI	Enterprise Structure → Assignment→Financial AccountingorSalesand Distribution

Sales	Definingsalesdocument types	Sales and Distribution → Sales → Sales Documents → Sales Document Header → Define Sales Document Types
	Definingitemcategories	Sales and Distribution → Sales → Sales Documents → Sales Document Item → DefineItemCategories

第 200 页 / 共 217 页

Appendix1: AdditionalTechnicalInformation SCM615

Customizing Task Menu Path

Copyingcontrolforsales Sales and Distribution

documents → Sales → Maintain

Copy Control for Sales

Documents

Billing Definingbillingtypes Sales and Distribution

→ Billing → Billing

Documents → Define

Billing Types

Definingnumberranges Sales and Distribution

forbillingdocuments → Billing → Billing

Documents → Define

Number Ranges for

BillingDocuments

Copying control for Sales and Distribution

billingdocuments → Billing → Billing

Documents→Maintain

Copying Control for

BillingDocuments

Settingupbillingplans Sales and Distribution

→ Billing → Billing

Plan.....

SDBasicFunctions Settinguppricing Sales and Distribution

→ Basic Functions

→ Pricing → Pricing

Control

Setting up account Sales and Distribution

determination → Basic Functions

→ Account

Assignment/Costing

→ Revenue Account

Determination...

170

Customizing	Task	Menu Path
	Copyingcontrolforsales documents	Sales and Distribution → Sales → Maintain Copy Control for Sales Documents

Billing	Definingbillingtypes	Sales and Distribution → Billing → Billing Documents → Define Billing Types
	Definingnumberranges forbillingdocuments	Sales and Distribution → Billing → Billing Documents → Define Number Ranges for BillingDocuments
	Copying control for billingdocuments	Sales and Distribution → Billing → Billing Documents→Maintain Copying Control for BillingDocuments
	Settingupbillingplans	Sales and Distribution → Billing → Billing Plan.....

SDBasicFunctions	Settinguppricing	Sales and Distribution → Basic Functions → Pricing → Pricing Control
	Setting up account determination	Sales and Distribution → Basic Functions → Account Assignment/Costing → Revenue Account Determination...

第 201 页 / 共 217 页

SCM615 Appendix 1: Additional Technical Information

Customizing Task Menu Path

FinancialAccounting Defining terms of Financial Accounting

payment → Accounts Receivable

andAccountsPayable→

BusinessTransactions→

OutgoingInvoices/Credit

Memos → Maintain

TermsofPayment

Controlling Activating profitability Controlling →

analysis ProfitabilityAnalysis→

Flows of Actual Values

→ActivateProfitability

Analysis

Assigningquantitiesand Controlling →

value fields Profitability Analysis

→ Flows of Actual

Values → Transfer of

Billing Documents →

Assign Value/Quantity

Fields

Figure 70: Table Structure: Billing Document

171

Customizing	Task	Menu Path
FinancialAccounting	Defining terms of payment	Financial Accounting → Accounts Receivable andAccountsPayable→ BusinessTransactions→ OutgoingInvoices/Credit Memos → Maintain TermsofPayment
Controlling	Activating profitability analysis	Controlling → ProfitabilityAnalysis→ Flows of Actual Values →ActivateProfitability Analysis
	Assigningquantitiesand value fields	Controlling → Profitability Analysis → Flows of Actual Values → Transfer of Billing Documents → Assign Value/Quantity Fields

第 202 页 / 共 217 页

Appendix1: AdditionalTechnicalInformation SCM615

Figure 71: Table Structure: Invoice lists

172

第 203 页 / 共 217 页

Appendix 2

Basic Accounting Principles

Contents:

• Double-Entry Accounting

• Balance sheet accounts

• P&L accounts

• Sales and Distribution Example

• Materials Management Example

Figure 72: Double-Entry Accounting

Thebasicprincipleofdouble-entryaccountingisthateverybusinesstransactionis

postedtoatleasttwodifferentaccounts,andisthereforepostedatleasttwice. In

themostsimplecases, onlytwoaccountsareaffected.

ThemostimportantthingtorememberinthiscontextisDebittoCredit.

173

第 204 页 / 共 217 页

Appendix2: BasicAccountingPrinciples SCM615

Thismeansthatyoushouldpostatransactiontothedebitsideinoneaccount,but

to the credit side in another.

Basic principle:

The total for debit postings is always the same as the total for credit postings,

regardless of thenumber of accountsaffected.

Figure 73: Account Types - Balance Sheet Accounts

Businesstransactionsarepostedtoaccounts(invoiceskeptontwosides,inwhich

movements are registered).

Inadoubleentryaccounting system itispossibletoseparate theaccountsinto

differenttypesofbasicaccounts,whichthemselvesaredividedintotwopartial

accounts:

• Balancesheetaccounts(propertyaccountsandcapitalanddebtoraccounts),

towhichstocksandchangestothesestocksareposted.

• P&Laccounts(expense/costaccountsandrevenue/salesaccounts),towhich

transactionsaffecting net income are posted.

Thefollowingbasicequationappliestothestructureofallaccounts:

Openingbalance+addition-disposal=closingbalance

However, the basic accounts above differ in which side the opening balance,

addition, disposaland closingbalancearepostedto.

174