AC205_EN_Col92_FV_Part_A4 (第5页) | ERP软件技术分享

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Unit5: AccrualsandDeferrals AC205

ChooseaccrualtypeINSURAforyourinsurancecontributions. Thelegal

principle to be used for the financial statements is the local accounting

principleLOGA.Yourcompanyhassignedaninsurancecontractthatcosts

6,000EURperyear. Youwanttocreateaccrualsforthisamount.

a) Application: Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger

→PeriodicProcessing→ManualAccruals→CreateAccrualObjects

FieldNameorDataType Values

Company Code AC##(##=yourgroupnumber)

Accrual Object Cat. Z_INSURANC

Text Accrual of insurance

contributions for warehouse

Person Responsible Your user ID

Life:

FieldNameorDataType Values

Start of Life 01.01. ofcurrent year

End of Life 31.12. ofcurrent year

Acct Assgts:

FieldNameorDataType Values

Cost Center T-A20A## (## = your group

number)

Item Data: Append Row:

FieldNameorDataType Values

Accrl Type INSURA

Acc.Princ. LOGA

TotalAmtToBeAccd 6000

Currency EUR

Continued on next page

168

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Company Code	AC##(##=yourgroupnumber)
Accrual Object Cat.	Z_INSURANC
Text	Accrual of insurance contributions for warehouse ##
Person Responsible	Your user ID

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Start of Life	01.01. ofcurrent year
End of Life	31.12. ofcurrent year

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Cost Center	T-A20A## (## = your group number)

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Accrl Type	INSURA
Acc.Princ.	LOGA
TotalAmtToBeAccd	6000
Currency	EUR

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AC205 Lesson: Posting Control and Account Determination

2. Choose 'Check and Simulate'. Astheparameter for the simulation of the

allocation posting, choose 01/01 of the current year. The period is to be

determinedfromthiskeydate. Lookattheresultsofyoursimulation.

a) AccrualObject→CheckandSimulateChanges

FieldNameorDataType Values

Accrual/DeferralKeyDate 01.01. ofcurrent year

Result of the simulation:

FieldNameorDataType Values

Tab page CalculatedAccruals

3. Save your accrual object.

Caution: Makeanoteofthenumberofyouraccrualobject.

Continued on next page

169

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Accrual/DeferralKeyDate	01.01. ofcurrent year

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Tab page	CalculatedAccruals

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Unit5: AccrualsandDeferrals AC205

Lookattheaccountingdocument. Whatistheentryinthedocumentheader

text? Whatisthetextinthelineitem? Fromtheaccountingdocument,goto

youroriginaldocument(=AccrualEnginedocument)whichwascreatedby

the Accrual Engine.

a) Accrual Object → Save

FieldNameorDataType Values

Accrual/DeferralKeyDate 01.01. ofcurrent year

Caution: Makeanoteofthenumberofyouraccrualobject.

Posting result:

FieldNameorDataType Values

Tab page Postings

Double-clickthereferenceaccountingnumber.

Selecttheaccountingdocument. Goto→DocumentHeader

FieldNameorDataType Values

DocumentHeaderText AccrualEngine: ACAC/I

FieldNameorDataType Values

Text (Items) Posting from Accrual Engine:

ACAC/Allocation

Environment→DocumentEnvironment→OriginalDocument

Returnto the displayof the accrual object.

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170

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Accrual/DeferralKeyDate	01.01. ofcurrent year

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Tab page	Postings

FieldNameorDataType	Values
DocumentHeaderText	AccrualEngine: ACAC/I

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Text (Items)	Posting from Accrual Engine: ACAC/Allocation

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AC205 Lesson: Posting Control and Account Determination

4. DisplaythelineitemsoftheAccrualEngineintheinformationsystemof

theAccrualEngine. Firstselectonlyactualvaluesforyourcompanycode

andyouraccrualobject. Thenselectthesimulatedvaluesforreportingkey

date 03.31 of the current year.

a) Application: Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger

→PeriodicProcessing→ManualAccruals→InformationSystem→

DisplayPostedAccruals→ManualAccruals: DisplayLineItemsin

the Accrual Engine

FieldNameorDataType Values

Actual Values Only Select

Company Code AC##

AccrualObjectNumber Youraccrualobjectnumber

Program → Execute

Back

FieldNameorDataType Values

SimulateFuturePostings Select

KeyDateforReporting 31.03. ofcurrent year

Company Code AC##

AccrualObjectNumber Enteryouraccrualobjectnumber

Program → Execute

5. Executeanaccrual/deferralrunforthefirstpostingperiod.

Start yourperiodicaccrual/deferral run. Restrict thegeneral selectionsto

yourcompanycode,accountingprinciples,accrualtype,andaccrualobject

number. Asthekeydatefortheaccrual,choose01.31ofthecurrentyear.

Firstcarryoutatestrun, andthenanupdaterun.

Continued on next page

171

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Actual Values Only	Select
Company Code	AC##
AccrualObjectNumber	Youraccrualobjectnumber

FieldNameorDataType	Values
SimulateFuturePostings	Select
KeyDateforReporting	31.03. ofcurrent year
Company Code	AC##
AccrualObjectNumber	Enteryouraccrualobjectnumber

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Unit5: AccrualsandDeferrals AC205

Intheinformationsystem,displaythetotalsandthelineitemsoftheAccrual

Engine. Restricttheselectiontoyouraccrualobjectnumber.

a) Application: Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger

→PeriodicProcessing→ManualAccruals→StartPeriodicAccrual

Run.

FieldNameorDataType Values

Company Code AC##

AccrualObjectNumber Enteryouraccrualobjectnumber

KeyDatefor Accruals 31.01. ofcurrent year

Application: Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger

→PeriodicProcessing→ManualAccruals→InformationSystem→

DisplayPostedAccruals→ManualAccruals: DisplayLineItemsin

the Accrual Engine

FieldNameorDataType Values

Actual Values Only Select

Company Code AC##

Accrual Object Cat. Z_INSURANC

AccrualObjectNumber Youraccrualobjectnumber

Program → Execute

Back

Application: Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger

→PeriodicProcessing→ManualAccruals→InformationSystem→

DisplayPostedAccruals→ManualAccruals: DisplayTotalsValuesin

the Accrual Engine

FieldNameorDataType Values

Actual Values Only Select

Company Code AC##

Accrual Object Cat. Z_INSURANC

AccrualObjectNumber Numberoftheaccrualobject

Program → Execute

Back

172

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Company Code	AC##
AccrualObjectNumber	Enteryouraccrualobjectnumber
KeyDatefor Accruals	31.01. ofcurrent year

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Actual Values Only	Select
Company Code	AC##
Accrual Object Cat.	Z_INSURANC
AccrualObjectNumber	Youraccrualobjectnumber

FieldNameorDataType	Values
Actual Values Only	Select
Company Code	AC##
Accrual Object Cat.	Z_INSURANC
AccrualObjectNumber	Numberoftheaccrualobject

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AC205 Lesson: Posting Control and Account Determination

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• DefinethepostingcontrolofanapplicationcomponentintheAccrualEngine

• Configure the account determination of an application component in the

Accrual Engine using rules

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UnitSummary AC205

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Post accrualsanddeferralsfor period-endclosing

• Explaintheadvantageofusingtheaccrual/deferralpostingfunction

• DescribethegenericfunctionsoftheAccrualEngine

• StatetheadvantagesofusingtheAccrualEngineincomparisontonormal

accrual procedures

• ActivateanapplicationcomponentoftheAccrualEngineforacompanycode

• ListtherequiredclosingactivitiesfortheAccrualEngine

• Describehowtheapplicationcomponent“ManualAccruals”works

• Definesubjectsto beaccruedasaccrualobjects

• Describethebasicsettingsoftheapplicationcomponent“ManualAccruals”

• DefinethepostingcontrolofanapplicationcomponentintheAccrualEngine

• Configurethe account determination of an application component in the

Accrual Engine using rules

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Unit 6

Technical, Organizational, and

Documentary Steps

Unit Overview

This unit “Technical, Organizational and Documentary Steps” provides an

overview of the steps themselves. In addition to learning how postings are

displayedinthepostingperiodtable,theparticipantswilllearnaboutadditional

closingactivities, suchasbalancecarryforwards, balanceaudit trail, document

splitting,CO-FIreconciliationandLedgergroupposting. Attheendoftheunit,

the participantscarryoutsomeof theseactivities.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Explain how balances arecarried forward

• Explaintheadvantageofusingthepostingperiodtables

• Maintain the posting periods table

• Explain thepurposeof thebalanceaudit trail

• Explain thepurposesof Document Splitting

• DescribethefunctionalityoftheCO=>FIintegration

•

Unit Contents

Lesson: Technical Steps.......................................................176

Lesson: Documentary Steps..................................................183

Exercise 11: Documentary Steps.........................................185

Lesson: Document Splitting ...................................................189

Lesson: CO – FI Reconciliation...............................................194

Lesson: Ledger Group Posting ...............................................198

Exercise 12: Ledger Group Posting......................................203

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Lesson: Technical Steps

Lesson Overview

Thislessondescribesthebalancecarryforwardfunctionsandthepostingperiod

table.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Explain howbalances are carried forward

• Explaintheadvantageofusingthepostingperiodtables

• Maintain the posting periods table

Business Example

Attheendof theperiod, theledgershavetobeclosedandthebalancescarried

forward. Youareresponsibleforthetechnicalchangeofperiodinthecompany.

Figure 76: Overview: General LedgerClosing Operations

At the beginning of the fiscal year, the balance carryforward program is run,

carryingforwardthebalancesoftheG/Laccountstothenextfiscalyear.

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AC205 Lesson: Technical Steps

The posting periods of the old fiscal year are blocked and the special periods

forclosingpostingsareopened. Atechnicalreconciliationbetweentransaction

figures and documentsguaranteesthat thepostingof documents istechnically

problem-free.

Foreigncurrencydocumentsarethenvaluated, accrualsarecarriedout,andthe

GR/IRclearingaccountsareanalyzed,includingregroupingofthebalance.

Oncecomplete, thespecial periodscan be closed.

For documentationpurposes, thebalanceaudit trail isthen carried out and the

financialstatementcreated. Finally,messagesarecreatedforstatutoryreporting.

Hint: The closing processes may vary from country to country. Your

trainercanprovideyouwithinformationonspecialproceduresthatmay

be required in your country.

Figure 77: Balance Carryforward

Thesystemcalculatesthebalancecarriedforwardtothenewfiscalyearforeach

balance sheet account.

ThebalanceoftheP&LaccountsispostedtotheP&Lcarry-forwardaccount. As

of version4.6C:You can displaythebalancesof individual P&Laccountsthat

arecarriedforwardtoaspecificretainedearningsaccount. Thisenablesyouto

understandhowthetotalbalanceoftheretainedearningsaccountismadeup.

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

P&L accounts only:

• If you have accounts with different currencies, you can set the indicator

in the master record of the P&L carry-forward account to translate and

summarizeallthecurrencies. “OnlyBalancesinLocalCurrency”.

You can run theprograms as oftenasyouwant.

You can even run thisprogram inthe old fiscal year, sincethe balance carried

forwardtothenewyearisautomaticallyupdatedforeachposting. Ifyouintendto

carryoutthebalancecarryforwardduringthecurrentfiscalyear,SAPrecommends

running the program as late as possible.

Youcarryoutthebalancecarryforwardforaccountsreceivableandpayableusing

report SAPF010.

IfyouuseadditionalledgerssuchasFI-SL,and/orparallelcurrencies,youhaveto

runthebalancecarryforwardusingprogramSAPFGVTR.

Figure 78: Defining Posting Periods

The system uses the posting date that you specify during document entry to

determinetowhichpostingperiodthedocumentisposted.

Thepostingperiodsforyourcompanyaredefinedbythefiscalyearvariant.

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AC205 Lesson: Technical Steps

Youcanusethefiscalyearvarianttomakethefollowingsystemsettings:

• Beginning and end of your fiscal year

• Number of "normal" posting periods(01-16)

• Number of special periods(remaining periodsup to 16 after selection of

“normal” periods)

• Posting period length

Figure 79: Posting Period Control

Thepostingperiodstableisusedtoopenandclosepostingperiods. Youcanhave

asmanyor asfewposting periodsopenasyouwant.

The first columnillustrated containstheposting period variant. Thiscode is

assigned to your company codes to allow you to open and close the posting

periodsfor several companies at thesametime.

The next column containsthe account type. Account types include “+” for all

accounts, “A”for assets, “D”forcustomer accounts, “K”forvendor accounts,

and“S”for G/L accounts. Thisallowsyoutocontroltheopenposting periods

by account type.

Accountsareopenfor theperiodsspecified inthetable and closed for periods

not specified.

Thelinewithaccounttype“+”(validforallaccounts)determinesthemaximum

length of theopen periods for an account type.

Forexample,inthesecondtable,periods13to16in1999, andperiods1to

2 in 2000 are open for all accounts.

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Intheadditional lineswith theindividual account types(A,D, andso on), the

numberofopenperiodsfortheaccountsspecifiedisrestricted.

Inthesecondtableintheexample, thefirstperiodof2000isclosedforthe

subledgersAssetAccountingandAccountsReceivable.

Inanothercolumninthetable(notshown),youcanassignanauthorizationgroup

to the periods open in the “Period 1”interval. The authorization group hasno

effectontheopenperiodsintheperiod2interval. Youcan,therefore,definethat

postingsininterval1canonlybemadebyaspecificusergroup(accounting),but

all users can post in interval 2.

Figure 80: Technical Reconciliation

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AC205 Lesson: Technical Steps

The report carriesout an extended reconciliation in Financial Accounting. As

partofgeneralledger month-endclosing, thefollowingconsistencychecksare

performed:

1. Debitandcredittransactionfiguresforcustomeraccounts,vendoraccounts,

andG/L accounts(tableFAGLFLEXT) withthedebit andcredit totalsof

the posted documents (table BSEG).

2. Debitandcredittransactionfiguresforcustomeraccounts,vendoraccounts,

andG/L accounts(tableFAGLFLEXT) withthedebit andcredit totalsof

theapplicationindex(secondaryindextablesBSIS/BSAD,BSIK/BSAK,

BSIS/BSAK).

The application indexesareusedfor the general ledger viewof accounts

withopenitemmanagement or lineitemdisplay.

IfnewGeneralLedgerAccountingisnotactive,performreconciliationwith

reportfinancialaccountingcomparativeanalysis(SAPF190).

All the results of the reconciliation are added to historical management.

This enables statements to be made about the execution and accuracy of the

reconciliation activities on a time basis.

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explain howbalances are carried forward

• Explaintheadvantageofusingthepostingperiodtables

• Maintain the posting periods table

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AC205 Lesson: Documentary Steps

Lesson: Documentary Steps

Lesson Overview

This lesson explainsthefunction of the balance audit trail and howto create a

flow-of-funds analysis.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, youwillbeable to:

• Explain thepurposeof thebalanceaudit trail

Business Example

Accountingdocuments,bylaw,havetobestoredforseveralyears. Theemployees

inFinancialAccountingwanttobeintroducedtothebalanceaudittrail.

Figure 81: Balance Audit Trail

Legislationgenerallystipulatesthatitmustbepossibletoexplainaccountbalances

atanytimeformorethanonefiscalyearusingtherelevantdocumentitems. This

ispossiblewhiletherelevantdocumentsarestillstoredinthesystem.

Older documents, however, usually have to be archived and deleted from the

databaseinordertoreducetheloadonthesystem. Ifyouthenwanttoexplainan

accountbalance,youshouldstartthebalanceaudittrailbeforeyouarchiveany

documents. Thisgeneratesthecompactjournalforaperiodintheformofalist.

Thebalanceaudittraildisplaysthebalanceatthebeginningofaperiodandthe

changes to the account to the period end.

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

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AC205 Lesson: Documentary Steps

Exercise 11: Documentary Steps

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Executereportsthatdocumentthebusinesstransactionsfortheperiod

Business Example

Formonth-endclosing,youwanttodocumentthetransactionsthatmakeupthe

accountbalancesintheG/Landlistthedocumentsthathavebeenenteredduring

the period.

Task 1:

Checktheoutputofthebalanceaudittrailreportsfromthedocumentfile(current

data).

1. Execute the General Ledger from the Document File report for your

companycodeAC##forthecurrent fiscal year.

2. ExecutetheOpenItemAccount BalanceAudit Trail FromtheDocument

FilereportforyourcompanycodeAC##forthecurrentfiscalyear.

Task 2:

In order to complete the documentation in Financial Accounting, you need to

createa(chronological)overviewofallofyourdocumentsforeachfiscalyear.

1. CreatethecompactdocumentjournalintheG/Landselectallthedocuments

foryourcompanycodeAC##forthecurrentfiscalyear.

2. Accordingto which criteriais the list sorted?

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Solution 11: Documentary Steps

Task 1:

Checktheoutputofthebalanceaudittrailreportsfromthedocumentfile(current

data).

1. Execute the General Ledger from the Document File report for your

companycodeAC## for thecurrent fiscalyear.

a) Checktheoutputofthebalanceaudittrailreportsfromthedocument

file (current data).

ExecutetheGeneralLedgerfromtheDocumentFileforyourcompany

code AC## for thecurrent fiscal year.

Menu path for balance audit trail for all accounts (non-open item

accounts):

Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger→Periodic

Processing→ Closing → Document → Balance Audit Trail→ All

Accounts→GeneralLedgerfromtheDocumentFile

Enter the following data:

Company Code: AC##

Fiscal Year: Current year

Execute the report.

Onceyouhavecheckedtheoutput,returntothemainmenu.

2. ExecutetheOpen ItemAccount BalanceAudit TrailFromtheDocument

FilereportforyourcompanycodeAC##forthecurrentfiscalyear.

a) BalanceAudit Trail from theDocumentFile

Menupathforbalanceaudittrailforopenitemaccounts:

Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger→Periodic

Processing→Closing→Document→BalanceAuditTrail→Open

Item Accounts → Open Item Account Balance Audit Trail from the

Document File

Enter the following data:

Company Code: AC##

Fiscal Year: Current year

Execute the report.

Onceyouhavecheckedtheoutput,returntothemainmenu.

Continued on next page

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AC205 Lesson: Documentary Steps

Task 2:

In order to complete the documentation in Financial Accounting, you need to

createa(chronological)overviewofallofyourdocumentsforeachfiscalyear.

1. CreatethecompactdocumentjournalintheG/Landselectallthedocuments

foryourcompanycodeAC##forthecurrentfiscalyear.

a) Chronologicaldocumentationofthedocuments

Menupathforcompactdocument journal:

Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger→Information

System →General LedgerReports(New)→Document→General

→ Compact Document Journal

Enter the following data:

Company Code: AC##

Fiscal Year: Current year

Ledger: 0L

Execute the report.

2. Accordingto which criteriais the list sorted?

a) Accordingtowhichcriteriaisthelistsorted?

Thelist issorted bydocument number.

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explain the purposeof thebalanceaudit trail

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AC205 Lesson: Document Splitting

Lesson: Document Splitting

Lesson Overview

ThisLesson describesyouoverallknowledge about the DocumentSplitting in

the new G/L

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, youwillbeable to:

• Explain thepurposesof Document Splitting

Business Example

Yourcompanycreatesfinancialstatementsatprofitcenterandsegmentlevel. The

systemenablesyoutoreachthesegoalsbyusingthedocumentsplittingtechnique.

Figure 82: Document Splitting Motivation

Thesystemrequirementscanevenmore“simple”–theredonotnecessarilybe

havetobedifferentsegmentassignmentsintheexpenselines. Attheveryleast

, thepayablesline(inthegeneralledger view) hastohavea“segment account

assignment”line,forexample,tocreateclearsegmentfinancialstatements

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Figure 83: Assumptions for Splitting

In the example, a tax rate of 10% is used

Figure 84: Document Splitting – Active Split

The entities defined as splitting characteristics are inherited in

non-account-assigned posting lines

Asyoucanseefromtheslide,thebalanceoftheselectedcharacteristicsiszero.

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AC205 Lesson: Document Splitting

In this rule-based split, the vendor and tax lines (items 1 and 4) in the general

ledgerviewaresplitaccordingtotheexpenselines/baseitemcategoryexpense

(items2and3; expenseaccounts477000and417000).

Figure 85: Document Splitting – Follow-up Process I

Figure 86: Document Splitting – Follow-up Process II

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Inthelineitemdisplay, thepayment document and original invoice document

appear as cleared items, as in prior releases.

Hint: Important:

The Document splitting in the new General Ledger replaces the

functionality “Adjustments to Financial Statements” of the classic

GeneralLedger. Thereissomemoreinformation(LessonAdjustments

to Financial Statements) in the unit “Additional Material” in case the

classic G/L will be used.

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AC205 Lesson: Document Splitting

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explain thepurposesof Document Splitting

Related Information

ThecourseAC210containsfurther,verydetailedinformationregardingtherules

and configuration of document splitting

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Lesson: CO – FI Reconciliation

Lesson Overview

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• DescribethefunctionalityoftheCO=>FIintegration

Business Example

TheaimoftheCO-FIIntegration(functionalityoftheNewGeneralLedger)isto

ensurecorrectionpostingsaremadeimmediatelyinFIincasecross-organizational

unitpostings(e.g. profitcenters) areexecutedinCO.

Figure 87: Real-Time Integration CO => FI

(Real-time)integrationfromFinancialAccounting(=>FI)toControlling(=>CO)

hasbeenavailableintheSAPSystemforsometimenow.

Only the opposite direction, from CO to FI, was not previously possible

in real-time. This involves, for example, changes to characteristics in the

following processes/transactions such as: Periodic allocations (assessment,

distribution, transfer posting) Manualtransfer postings to CO [=> transaction

KB11(N)]Activityallocations[transactionKB21(N)]Settlementfromordersor

projects [transactions KO88 and CJ88]

Use of the classic General Ledger:

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AC205 Lesson: CO – FI Reconciliation

COreconciliationwithFinancialAccountingalwaysrequiredthereconciliation

ledger, which was maintained in cost element accountingPeriodic program

runs carried out summary adjustment/reconciliation postings for each cost

element/expense account: TransactionKALC.

TransactionKALCisnolongeravailable(bydefault)afterthenewG/Lisactivated

–aninformationmessagepointsoutthenewreal-timeintegrationbetweenCOand

FI.TheSegmentcharacteristiccouldnotbereconciledusingtransactionKALC.

Thereissomemoreinformationforthereconciliationledger(LessonControlling)

intheunit“AdditionalMaterial”incasetheclassicG/Lwillbeused.

Figure 88: Variants forCO => FIReal-Time Integration

Youdefinethevariantsfor CO->FIreal-timeintegrationunder: Customizing,

Financial Accounting (New), Financial Accounting Basic Settings (New),

Ledgers,Real-TimeIntegrationofControllingwithFinancialAccounting,Define

Variants for Real-Time Integration

Inafurtherstep,youassignthevarianttoyourcompanycode(s).

Todeterminewhichcharacteristicchangeswillgeneratereal-timeFIlineitems,

youcanusethecheckboxes,defineBooleanrules,orimplementaBAdIwithyour

ownprogramlogic.Itdoesnotmakeanysensetoselectcharacteristicsthatyou

havenotassignedtoatleastoneledgerinthescenarios.

Thekey dateactivationdatedefineswhen(asof which postingdateof theCO

document)CO-FIreconciliationispossibleusingreal-timeintegration.Youcan

alsocreatefinancialaccountingdocumentsforCOdocumentsenteredbeforethe

new G/L was activated.

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

TotransfersecondarycostelementsfromCOtoFI,youhavetodefineanaccount

assignment. You define account determination under: Customizing, Financial

Accounting (New), Financial Accounting Basic Settings (New), Ledgers,

Real-Time Integration of Controlling with Financial Accounting, Account

Determination for Real-Time IntegrationIt is also possible to transfer primary

coststoFIthroughaccountdetermination;theoriginalcostelementsaregenerally

used for this.

Figure 89: Real-Time Integration CO => FI: Example

Thisslideshowsthereal-timeintegrationofCO→FIusingthefunctionalarea

characteristicorentityasanexample. Theprofitcenter,segment,andbusiness

areahavebeenomittedfromtheexampletosimplifythings.

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AC205 Lesson: CO – FI Reconciliation

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• DescribethefunctionalityoftheCO=>FIintegration

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Lesson: Ledger Group Posting

Lesson Overview

ThislessonprovidesanoverallviewofLedgergroupposting.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

•

Business Example

Sometimes, forthesakeofdeviatingaccountingvalues, itmaybenecessaryto

postdirectlytoaledgergroup. Thisprocedurewillbeshowninthispart.

Figure 90: Parallel Accounting

Parallel financial reporting means that the financial statements for a company

mustbecreatedinaccordancewithdifferentaccountingrules. Thisisbecausea

local view (=> by U.S. GAAP in the U.S.) is no longer sufficient by itself in

aglobalizedworldofcreditors(banks,shareholders)andbusinesspartners. An

internationallyrespectedstandardisinincreasingdemand.

Examples of internationally recognized accounting rulesinclude:IAS/IFRSUS

GAAP

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AC205 Lesson: Ledger Group Posting

Different accounting rules can (still) be modeled using the account-based

solutioninthenewG/L.Inadditiontoaccounts,however,thenewG/Lalsolets

youusedifferentledgerstosavethedifferentvaluationapproaches–thisiscalled

the ledger solution (in the new G/L).

However, do not confusethe newledgerapproachwith the Special Ledgers

(FI-SL). These ledgers can be used in Release R/3 Enterprise, but they are

nowherenearasfunctionalanduniformastheledgersolutioninthenewG/L.

Whichvaluationapproachshouldyoumodel?Wewouldliketoemphasizethat

SAPgenerallyconsiderstheledgersolutionandtheaccount-basedsolutionas

equivalents. Formoreinformation, seeNote779251.

Figure 91: Defining Non-Leading ledgers

Animportantquestiontodecideiswhichaccountingrulewillbemodeledin

theleadingledger:WerecommendthatexistingcustomerswhoupgradetoSAP

ERPdonotchangetheleadingview.Achangeoftheleadingviewshouldalways

bedealtwithinaseparateproject,asbefore.Theleadingledgeristhe(only)

ledgerthatisintegratedwithCO.Theuseofnon-leadingledgersalsoenablesyou

to use different fiscal year variants within one company code (=> also see the

following slides)

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Figure 92: Activating Non-Leading ledgers

Path:Customizing: FinancialAccounting(New)->FinancialAccountingGlobal

Settings(New)->Ledgers->Ledger->DefineandActivateNon-LeadingLedgers

Anadditional, non-leadingledgercanbeuseful, forexample, ifyour company

wantstomodelthe(same)companycodewithdifferentfiscalyearvariants,for

example: Theleadingledger usesFYvariantK4, whilethenon-leadingledger

uses FY variant V9.

Note: TheSAPsystemdidnotpreviouslyallowyoutousedifferentFYvariants

withinacompanycodewithintheFIgeneralledger.Onlythespecialpurpose

ledgercomponent(FI-SL)featuredtheseoptions. InFI-SLitwasstillpossibleto

usedifferentcurrenciesfromthoseusedinthegeneralledger.

Forinformationaboutconfiguringdifferentfiscalyearvariantsinanon-leading

ledgerandsimultaneouslyusingAssetAccountingcomponents,seeNote844029.

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AC205 Lesson: Ledger Group Posting

Figure 93: Scenario Assignment

Theprovidedscenariosareassignedtothe(non-leading)ledgersinCustomizing:

Financial Accounting (New), Financial Accounting Global Settings (New),

Ledgers,Ledger,AssignScenariosandCustomerFieldstoLedgersAledgercan

beassignedonescenario,severalscenarios,orevenallsixatonce.Thedecision

asto howmanyscenarios toassign depends solely on which"facts"/"business

aspects"youwanttomodelinthecorresponding(non-leading)ledger.

Figure 94: General LedgerViews in FI Document

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Figure 95: Option: Defining Ledger Groups

Path: Customizing,FinancialAccounting(New),FinancialAccountingGlobal

Settings(New), Ledgers, Ledger, DefineLedgerGroup

Theledgergroup isoptionforsimplifyingand/oracceleratingtheworkin

certaincases. Nocustomershouldbeforcedtocreatetheirownledgergroups.

However,anewledgergroupiscreatedautomaticallyforeachledgerinthenew

G/L.Thisnewledgergroupcontainstherelevantledgerandhasthesamename

as it.

Thedocumentisthenonlypostedtotheselectedledgers.

Iftheledgergrouponlyconsistsofoneormorenon-leadingledgers,youhaveto

definethe"documenttypesforentryviewinoneledger": Customizing,Financial

Accounting (New), Financial Accounting Global Settings (New), Document,

DocumentTypesDefineDocumentTypesforEntryViewinaLedger

Accordingly,youcanonlydisplaythisoneledgerinthegeneralledgerview.

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AC205 Lesson: Ledger Group Posting

Exercise 12: Ledger Group Posting

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• To explain and usetheledger groupposting

Business Example

Sometimes, for thesakeofdeviatingaccountingvalues, itmaybenecessaryto

postdirectlytoaledgergroup. Thisprocedurewillbepratisedinthisexercise.

Task:

G/L Posting for Provisions to aLedger group

1. Postaprovisionforcompanycode1000toLedgergroupL5:

FieldnameorDataType Value

Company Code. 1000

DocumentandPostingdate: Current date

Ledger-Gr(ou)p L5

Doc. Header Text: Provision GR## > L5

UsetheScreenvariant ZPROFITCENTER

Post in each item line to your PRCTR##

profit center

Debit: G/Lacct239000Prov. unrealizedcost

Credit: G/Lacct79000Provisionsformissing

costs

Amount: €1000,- foreachitem.

Post the provision with the transaction

EnterG/LAccount DocumentforLedgerGroup

2. Display the document.

InboththeDataEntryViewandintheGeneralLedgerViewyouwillsee

theLedger GroupL5intheHeader. InthisLedger GroupONLYhasthe

posting taken place

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FieldnameorDataType	Value
Company Code.	1000
DocumentandPostingdate:	Current date
Ledger-Gr(ou)p	L5
Doc. Header Text:	Provision GR## > L5
UsetheScreenvariant	ZPROFITCENTER
Post in each item line to your profit center	PRCTR##
Debit:	G/Lacct239000Prov. unrealizedcost
Credit:	G/Lacct79000Provisionsformissing costs
Amount:	€1000,- foreachitem.

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

Solution 12: Ledger Group Posting

Task:

G/L Posting for Provisionsto a Ledger group

1. Postaprovisionforcompanycode1000toLedgergroupL5:

FieldnameorDataType Value

Company Code. 1000

DocumentandPostingdate: Current date

Ledger-Gr(ou)p L5

Doc. Header Text: Provision GR## > L5

UsetheScreenvariant ZPROFITCENTER

Post in each item line to your PRCTR##

profit center

Debit: G/Lacct239000Prov. unrealizedcost

Credit: G/Lacct79000Provisionsformissing

costs

Amount: € 1000,- for each item.

Post the provision with the transaction

EnterG/L Account Document forLedger Group

a) a)ChooseAccounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger→

Posting→EnterG/LAccountDocumentforLedgerGroup

b) b)IfadialoguewindowpopsupfortheCompanyCodeenter1000.

c) Dialogue windowfor Co.Code entry:

Field name Value

Co. Code 1000

d) Choose Continue (Enter).

e) Basic data

Continued on next page

204

FieldnameorDataType	Value
Company Code.	1000
DocumentandPostingdate:	Current date
Ledger-Gr(ou)p	L5
Doc. Header Text:	Provision GR## > L5
UsetheScreenvariant	ZPROFITCENTER
Post in each item line to your profit center	PRCTR##
Debit:	G/Lacct239000Prov. unrealizedcost
Credit:	G/Lacct79000Provisionsformissing costs
Amount:	€ 1000,- for each item.

Field name	Value
Co. Code	1000

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AC205 Lesson: Ledger Group Posting

Field name Value

Document date today’s date

Posting date today’s date

Ledger-Gr(ou)p L5

Doc. Header Text ProvisionGR##>L5

f) Choose Enter.

g) IfnoscreenvariantsaredisplayedontheleftpressthebuttonTreeon.

Openupthefolder Screenvariantsforitems.

ChoosethescreenvariantZPROFITCENTER.

Item 1

Field name Value

G/L acct 239000

D/C Debit

Amount indoc. curr 1000

Profit Center PRCTR##

Item 2

Field name Value

G/L account 79000

D/C Credit

Amount indoc. curr 1000

Profit Center PRCTR##

h) ChooseDocument→Postorthesymbol(Post)Ctrl+S

2. Display the document.

Continued on next page

205

Field name	Value
Document date	today’s date
Posting date	today’s date
Ledger-Gr(ou)p	L5
Doc. Header Text	ProvisionGR##>L5

Field name	Value
G/L acct	239000
D/C	Debit
Amount indoc. curr	1000
Profit Center	PRCTR##

Field name	Value
G/L account	79000
D/C	Credit
Amount indoc. curr	1000
Profit Center	PRCTR##

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Unit6: Technical,Organizational,andDocumentarySteps AC205

InboththeDataEntryViewandintheGeneralLedgerViewyouwillsee

theLedger GroupL5intheHeader. In thisLedger GroupONLYhasthe

posting taken place

a) Shouldyouwishtodisplaythelastpostingyoucanchoose

Document →Displayintheposting screen

Alternatively you can usethe menu path

Accounting→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedger→Document

→ Display

IntheheaderyouwillnowseetheLedgerGroupinboththeDataEntry

Viewand intheGeneralLedger View. InthisLedger GroupONLY

has the posting taken place

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AC205 Lesson: Ledger Group Posting

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

•

Related Information

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UnitSummary AC205

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explain howbalances are carried forward

• Explaintheadvantageofusingthepostingperiodtables

• Maintain the posting periods table

• Explain the purposeof thebalanceaudit trail

• Explain thepurposesof Document Splitting

• DescribethefunctionalityoftheCO=>FIintegration

•

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Unit 7

Closing Cockpit

Unit Overview

The “Closing Cockpit” unit shows you the main configuration options and

functions available in this area.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Create templates

• Create task lists

• Execute tasks in a task list

• Use the Cockpit Monitor to check tasks

Unit Contents

Lesson: Closing Cockpit.......................................................210

Exercise 13: Closing Cockpit .............................................227

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Unit7: ClosingCockpit AC205

Lesson: Closing Cockpit

Lesson Overview

The “Closing Cockpit” lesson shows you which configuration options and

functions are available in this area.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Create templates

• Create task lists

• Execute tasks in a task list

• Use the Cockpit Monitor to check tasks

Business Example

Possible Applications of the Closing Cockpit

Figure 96: Closing Cockpit: Advantages

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AC205 Lesson: Closing Cockpit

PossibleapplicationsoftheClosingCockpit: Thissupportfunctionenablesyouto

createastructuredinterfaceforexecutingtransactionsandprogramsthatformpart

ofcomplexprocesses,suchasclosingprocesses. Thestructurallayoutsupports

processeswithinanorganizationalstructure,suchasacompanycode,aswellas

scenariosaffectingmultipleorganizational structures.

The Closing Cockpitcan be used asan application tool in the following cases

in particular:

• When activities recur periodically

• Whenmorethanonepersonresponsiblemaybeinvolved

• When the activities are performed within a process that has a fixed

chronologicalsequenceorisdeterminedbydependencies

• The activitiesneed to be supported by ashared, uniform interface for all

involved

• The status of all periodic activities needs to be documented and made

transparent and available for all involved

• Theclosingtasksaredocumentedfor laterchecks

Figure 97: Closing Cockpit: Overview

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Unit7: ClosingCockpit AC205

Tosupporttheclosingprocess,theClosingCockpitoffersthefollowingoptions:

• Hierarchiesto display the organizational objectsinvolved in the closing

process

• Atasklisttemplatebasedontheorganizationalstructure

• Adetailviewofthecharacteristicvaluesoftheindividualhierarchylevels

used in the task list template

• Taskliststhatarederivedfromthetasklisttemplate

• A list display in which all tasks to be managed or executed from the

respectivetasklistaremadeavailableforprocessingorformonitoringtask

progress

• Amonitorthatprovidesanoverviewofthesequenceoftasks,theirstatus

anddependencies,andcriticalpathsingraphicalform.

• Detailedinformationforevaluatingthetechnicalsettingsoftasksaswellas

foranalyzingbackgroundprograms(spool,jobloginformation)

• Dependencies for displaying the conditions that are prerequisite to

processing the individual tasks

Figure 98: Closing Cockpit: Procedure

The organizational hierarchy allows you to organize the closing process

according to organizational structures. This means that special features of the

individualindependentaccountingunitscanbetakenintoaccountduringclosing,

forexample,atcompanycodelevel. Thisenablesyoutoavoidapplyingidentical

process steps to all company codes.

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AC205 Lesson: Closing Cockpit

TheClosingCockpitcanbeusedonceatasklisttemplatehasbeencreatedand

assignedtoanorganizationalstructure(suchascontrollingarea/companycode,

companycode, ...), tasks(subfolders, transactions, programs, flowdefinitions,

notes)havebeenassignedtothetasklisttemplate,andatasklisthasbeenderived

and released for the application.

Figure99: ClosingCockpit: SelectingtheOrganizationalLevel

Standardorganizationallevels(controllingareaandcompanycode)areprovided

foruseinmappingtheorganizationallevelsinvolvedintheclosingprocess:

Properties for the organizational levels

Thesystemderivesavaluefor theparametersandselectionoptionsforvariant

variables (for example, SAP_FAST_CLOSE_BUKRS_P for company code

parameters) from the selected org. type and updates it automatically in table

TVARV.

TheentryyouselectintheSuperordinateOrg. Lvlfielddeterminesthelateruse

oftheorganizationalobjectintheorganizationalhierarchy. Ifyoudonotdefine

asuperordinateorganizationallevel, theorganizational objectisonlyavailable

in the hierarchy as an “initial node”.

Youcansummarizethedatainthetasklisttemplateacrossorganizationallevels

bychartofaccounts,fiscalyearvariant,currency,orvaluationarea.

Thesystemproposesthesamesubstructure(subfolder)forthedifferentattributes

on one organizational level.

213