AC305_EN_Col92_FV_Part_A4 (第2页) | ERP软件技术分享

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AC305 Unit Summary

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• ... Nameanddifferentiateimportantorganizationalunits

• ... Describetheimportanceofachartofdepreciation

• ... Explainthesignificanceofallocatingachartofdepreciationtoacompany

code

• ... Nameanddifferentiatevariousdepreciationareas

• ... DescribehowAssetAccountingisintegratedwithCostAccounting

• ... UnderstandtheimportanceofassetclassesinanSAPsystem

• ... Name asset classes

• ... Name theelements of an asset class and explain the function of some

of them

• ... Definewhichdepreciationareasposttheirvaluestothegeneralledger

• ... Differentiatebetweenassetvaluesanddepreciation/depreciationvalues

• ... Describehowthedifferentvaluescanbetransferredtothegeneralledger

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UnitSummary AC305

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Unit 2

Master Data

Unit Overview

TheMasterDataunitprovidesparticipantswithamorein-depthinsightintohow

theassetclassesfunctionandwhatcontrolmechanismsexistforthem. Creating

andchanging master dataisdemonstratedyouwill havethechancetopractice

these functions.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• ... Structure assets by creating asset classes

• ... Understand the significance of the asset classas a main classification

criterion

• ... Nameandexplainthecomponentsofanassetclassandfindandmaintain

them in Customizing

• ... Explain and understand the special nature of the special asset classes

“assetsunder construction”and“low-valueassets”

• ... CreateandchangemasterdatainAssetAccounting

• ... carryoutmasschangestoassetmasterdatausingaworklist

Unit Contents

Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class.........................................38

Exercise 3: Functions of the Asset Class ................................49

Lesson: Asset Master Records ................................................64

Exercise 4: Asset Master Records........................................71

Lesson: Mass Changes.........................................................82

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Lesson Overview

This lesson will provide you with more detailed information on howthe asset

classesworkandhowtheycanbecontrolled. Youwilllearnhowassetscanbe

(globally) structured by creating asset classes.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• ... Structure assetsby creating asset classes

• ... Understand the significance of the asset class as a main classification

criterion

• ... Nameandexplainthecomponentsofanassetclassandfindandmaintain

them in Customizing

• ... Explain and understand the special nature of the special asset classes

“assetsunder construction”and“low-valueassets”

Business Example

Consultinghasproposedacatalogfortheassetclassesinyourcorporategroup.

TheFI-AAprojectteammeetstodiscussproposalsandtestthepossibleeffects

withregardtofunctions. Assetclassesareusedasatemplatefortheassetmaster

recordsthat are created later. It isthereforenecessary to decidewhich default

valuesaretobestoredintheassetclassestoensuretheuniformityoftheassets.

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Figure 12: Functions of the Asset Class

Assetclassesarethemostimportantmeansofstructuringfixedassetsaccording

totherequirementsofyourenterprise. Note:Theassetclassdefinitionsapplyto

all company codes in a client.

An asset class consists of two main sections:

• A master data section with control data and default values for the

administrative datain the asset master record

• A depreciation section with control parameters and default values for

depreciation termsfor each depreciation area

Whenyoucreateassetmasterrecords,thisdataisautomaticallyadoptedfromthe

assetclassyouspecify. Byenteringusefuldefaultvalues,youcanreducethetime

andeffortneededtocreatenewassetmasterrecords. Thiswillalsoensurethatthe

recordsinagivenclassarehandleduniformly. Itisrecommendedthatyoudefine

asmanyassetclassesasyouhaveassetswithdifferenttypesofvaluation.

TheassetclassisthemainselectioncriterioninallstandardreportsinFI-AA.

Beforeyoustartcreatingindividualassetclasses,youshouldfirstconsiderwhat

form your complete asset classcatalog istotake.

Then you need to check with your colleagues from FI whether corresponding

generalledgeraccountsalreadyexistandifso,whichones,orwhethertheystill

need to be created.

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Figure13: AssetClass: AccountDetermination/AccountAssignment

An essential function of the asset class is to establish a link between the asset

master records and their values and the general ledger accounts to which the

relatedasset valuesanddepreciationareposted. Thisiscontrolledbyaccount

determination(alsoknown asaccountassignment).

TheaccountdeterminationkeythatisstoredinCustomizingoftheassetclasscan

beidenticaltotheaccountnumberofthefixedassetbalancesheetaccountifyou

onlytransferassetvaluesinonedepreciationareainthegeneralledgerandhavea

relativelysmallassetclasscatalog. However,inpractice,thisisseldomthecase.

Ifyouhaveseveralsimilarassetclasses,youcancertainlyusethesameaccount

determinationkeyinseveralassetclassesandtherebytransferthevaluestoafixed

assetbalancesheet accountinthefinancialstatement.

Ifyouusedifferentcompanycodeswithdifferentoperationalchartsofaccounts,

however,youneedonlyoneaccountdeterminationkeytopostassetvaluesofthe

assetofoneclasstodifferentaccountsindifferentchartsofaccounts.

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Figure 14: Assigning G/L Accounts

With account determination or the account determination key, you define all

necessarygeneralledger accountsforallassettransactions/processesthatyou

need / want to enter.

Youmaintain theaccount determinationin Customizing for Asset Accounting

under: IntegrationwiththeGeneralLedger→AssignG/LAccounts.

Forthosedepreciationareasthatpostdepreciationtothegeneralledger,youmust

assign the following additional G/L accounts:

• For ordinary depreciation:

– Accumulated depreciation accounts

– Expense accounts

– Revenue accounts for a write-up

• For unplanned depreciation:

– Accumulated depreciation accounts

– Expense accounts

– Revenue accounts for a write-up

• Andforrevaluationsofdepreciationandforinterest(costaccountingarea),

if necessary/desired.

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Figure 15: Number Range Intervals

The numberrange controls the assignment of thenumber of the asset master

record. You define number assignment as either internal or external. When

internal number assignment is used, the system automaticallyassignsthe next

availablenumberinthenumericalsequenceinthedefinednumberrangeinterval.

Whenexternal number assignment isused, thenumber is assignedby the user

or by another system.

You can assign each company code its own number ranges, or

specifycross-company codenumberassignment.

You define the number range intervals for the assignment of asset numbersin

AssetAccountingCustomizingunder: OrganizationStructures→SpecifyNumber

Assignment across Company Codes

Figure 16: Screen Layout of Asset Master Data

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Thescreenlayoutdetermineswhichinputfieldsintheassetmasterrecordscan

beprocessedorwhetherthesefieldsaretobedefinedasrequiredfieldsorifthe

fields are not displayed at all.

This allows you to reduce the number of master data fields to those that are

specificallyneededfortheassetclass,andtoensurethatcertainimportantcontrol

information is entered.

Inadditiontotheinformationonthefieldselection(requiredentry,optionalentry,

display, suppress), thescreenlayoutspecifiesthemaintenancelevel of master

datafields. Italso determineswhetherthemaster datafields areallowed tobe

used as a reference.

Themaintenancelevelspecifiesatwhichlevelmaintenanceofeachdatafieldis

permitted – possible maintenance levels are:

• Asset class

• Main asset number

• Subnumber

Thereferenceprovidesinformationonwhichfieldcontentscanbecopiedintothe

newmasterrecordwhenanassetiscreatedusingatemplate.

Figure 17: Activate Account Assignment Objects

AsofRelease4.7,youhavetoactivateaccountassignmentobjectsbeforethey

canbemaintainedinthescreenlayoutand/orintheassetmasterrecord.

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,chooseIntegrationwiththeGeneralLedger

→ Additional Account Assignment Objects → Activate Account Assignment

Objects.

On the one hand, you can post (cost-accounting) depreciation to account

assignment objects, on the other hand, account assignment objects can also

be used for making APC postings, such as direct capitalization as part of an

investment measure (when the IMcomponent isalsoin use) or for (statistical)

budget monitoring for asset purchases.

ThenumberofaccountassignmentobjectswasincreasedintheR/3Enterprise

solution. Now you can post (cost-accounting) depreciation to the following

objects, for example:

• Cost center (as before Release 4.7)

• CO internal orders(as before Release 4.7)

• WBS element

• Realestateobject(forexample, buildingsorland)

• Various objects from the Public Sector Management (PSM) component,

such as funds centers, funds, or grants

Figure 18: TabPages /LayoutoftheAsset MasterRecord

As of Release 4.5A, tab pages are used to display asset master records. The

datathatwasfoundonvariousassetmasterrecordviewsinpreviousreleasesis

now distributed over several tab pages.

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Youcanspecifyalayoutforthemasterdataofeachassetclass. Thelayoutdefines:

• The number of tab pages

• The names of the tab pages

• The logical field groups (groups / field group boxes, such as the visible

logical field groups General data and Posting information in the figure

above), that are to appear on the tab pages.

Usingthislayout, youcandefinethelayoutoftheasset masterrecordthatbest

suits your needs.

Figure 19: screen layout, asset depreciation areas

In each asset class, you enter a screen layout rule for each depreciation area.

These rules apply to the (input) fields of the in the depreciation data section /

depreciation area.

SAPsuppliesscreenlayoutrules1000and2000inthestandardsystem.

Thesescreen layout rulesalso containa maintenance level. The maintenance

levelguaranteesthatdepreciationiscontrolleduniformly. Therearethreeoptions:

1. Assetclass: Thismaintenancelevelensuresuniformcontrolofvaluationat

asset class level.

2. Mainassetnumber: Thecontrolofvaluationisuniformatthelevelofthe

assetmasterrecord. Theentriesmadeintheassetclassareadoptedinthe

asset master record, andcanbechangedthere. Allassetsubnumbersthat

belongtothisassetmasterrecordadoptthesevaluesfromthemainnumber.

3. Asset subnumber: Valuation can be controlled more flexibly. Asset

subnumberscanreceivetheirownindividualdepreciationterms.

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Note: Youcan obtain more informationand possibleentriesfor theindividual

depreciation areasif you branch tothedetail screenof adepreciationarea(for

example, by double-clicking). Thisof course works on theasset number level

(forexample,withTCodeAS02) andalsoontheassetclasslevel(forexample,

with TCode OAYZ).

Figure 20: Additional Functions for Asset Classes

Copying asset classes from reference: You can create new asset classes by

simplycopyingexistingassetclasses. Copyingistriggeredfromthemasterdata

sectionoftheclasses(CustomizingtransactionOAOA).Thedefaultvaluesofthe

depreciation area section are also automatically copied. Thesecan bechanged

after copying.

Definingallowedentriesforuserfieldsandotherinformationfields: Inthe

assetmasterrecordthefollowingfieldsareavailableasstandardforgeneraland

user-specific structure of fixed assets:

• Evaluationgroups(evaluationgroup1to5): Theseareassetmasterrecord

fieldsthatareusedtomapcustomer-defined/customer-specificinformation.

• Environmental protection indicator: In this field you can save the

reason for a environmental protection investment (for example, new

climate-protection regulations).

• Reason for investment:In this field you can enter an explanation for a

capitalinvestment(forexample,replacementacquisition).

• Assetsupernumber: Thiscanbeassignedtoanasset. Thisisuseful,for

example,ifseveralassetsaretobeassignedtoanassetsupernumber(for

example, businessunit or production line).

Youcanusealloftheabove-mentionedfieldsasselectioncriteriainReporting

in FI-AA.

Storingdefaultvaluesintheassetclasses: Onceyouhavedefinedthepossible

entries,youcanstorethesevaluesasdefaultvaluesinCustomizing.

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

You can also enter default values for insurance values, net worth valuation,

leasing,andofcourse,fordepreciationparametersinthedepreciationdatasection

(depreciationkey, usefullife) aswellasindexseries.

Figure 21: Special Asset Class: AuC

Assetsunderconstruction(AuC)requireaseparateassetclassandcorresponding

G/Laccount,becausetheyhavetobeshownseparatelyinthefinancialstatement.

Bychoosingthestandarddepreciationkey0000youcanensurethatdepreciation

isnotcalculatedforassetsunderconstructionindepreciationareas(atleastforthe

depreciation areas in the financial statement).

However, specialtaxdepreciationandinvestmentsupport arealsopossiblefor

assets under construction.

You can also enter down payments on assets under construction in accounts

payable accounting processes.

Evenafteranassetunderconstructionhasbeenfullycapitalized,youcanstillpost

creditmemos. Forthistobepossibleyoumustpermitnegative(APC)valuesin

the detail screenof the depreciation datasection.

Investment Management(IM) isavailable tohelp you managemore extensive

asset investments. It integrates internal orders and projects with assets under

construction.

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Figure 22: Special Asset Class: Low Value Assets

You can choose whether to manage low value assets (LVAs) using individual

managementorcollectivemanagement. Foreachtypeofmanagement,youhave

to set up a separate asset class.

Ifyouselectcollectivemanagementforlow-valueassets,abaseunitofquantity

must bespecifiedfor this asset class. Youcando thisin the master dataof the

asset class: TCode OAOA.

You store the corresponding maximum amounts for each company code in

CustomizingofAssetsAccountingunder: Valuation→AmountSpecifications→

SpecifyMax. AmountforLow-ValueAssets+AssetClasses.

Hint: In Germany, the legal requirements for the procedures for

low-valueassetshavebeenchangedaspartofthecompanytaxreformof

01/01/2008). PleaserefertoSAPNote1082378forinformationonhow

theSAPsystemcanmapthenewlegalrequirements.

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Exercise 3: Functions of the Asset Class

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Explainanddemonstratethefunctionsandelementsofanassetclass,andin

Customizing,adjustanassetclasstomeetyourrequirements

• Create customer-defined asset classes

• Explainthefeaturesofspecialassetclasses(AuC,and/orLVA)andcontrol

them in Customizing

Business Example

Your consultant has proposed an organizational structure for your corporate

group. The FI-AA project team meets to discuss proposals relating to the

number of asset classes and their settings in relation to screen layout, account

allocation/determination, andnumber assignment.

Hint: Assetclassesareakindoftemplatefortheoperativeassetmaster

records that are created later. You can assign default values in asset

classes and / or specify in the screen layout rules whether entries are

required, optionalor suppressed. Youalsousetheassetclasstodefine

whichG/LaccountsaretobepostedfromtheAssetssubledgerandwhich

asset number a master record isto have.

Task 1:

Number assignment of Asset Accounting:

1. InordertoworkwithcomponentFI-AAinyourcompanycodeAA##,you

stillneedtomakesettingsfornumberassignment.

Youcan use ONEof thefollowingmethods:

EITHERdefineaseparatenumberrangeinterval(thequickestwaytodo

thisistocopythenumberrangeintervalofcompanycode1000)ORchoose

cross-company-codenumberassignmenttogetherwithcompanycode1000

andpossiblyalsowithother groupsinAC305.

Task 2:

InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,youmustfirstcallupthetransactionthat

providesyouwithanoverviewofalltheassetclassesthatexist.

1. What is the transaction code?

Continued on next page

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Task 3:

Gotothedetailscreenforanassetclass(forexample,assetclass3000).

1. Whichcontrolparametersforanassetclassaredefinedthere?

2. Whichnumberrange/numberrangeintervalisassignedtoassetclass3000?

3. RemainintheChangeView"AssetClasses": Detailsscreenandplacethe

cursorontheAccountdeterm. fieldandcalluptheF1helptofinddetailed

informationabouthowaccountdeterminationworks.

Task 4:

Account Determination / Account Assignment:

1. Whichaccount determinationisenteredin thetraining system for class

2000?

2. Whichbalancesheetassetaccountwouldthesystemposttoinconnection

withaccountdetermination20000foranassetacquisition(indepreciation

area 01 and using chart of accountINT)?

3. Which(FI) account number has theexpense account for cost-accounting

depreciation (depreciation area 20) of an asset of class 2100, if chart of

accounts INT is used?

Task 5:

Screen structure:

1. Start transaction OAOA again, and then use F1 to call the help function,

forexample,fortheclass2100,inordertofindoutwhatthescreenlayout

rules are used for.

2. Whichscreenlayoutruleisassignedtoclass2100inthetrainingsystem?

Continued on next page

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

3. NotethattheassetmasterrecordfieldsDescription1(foundinthelogical

fieldgroupGeneraldata)andCostCenter(foundinthelogicalfieldgroup

Time-DependentData)alwaysneedtobefilledlater,whenyoucreateanew

asset master record. Check whether these fields are defined as required

entry fields in screen layout rule 2000.

Hint: FromReleaseR/34.7onwards: TheinputfieldCostCenter

(just as for theCOInternal Order // Cost Order, for example) is

onlydisplayed for maintenancein thescreenlayout rules(within

thelogicalfieldgroupTime-dependent data)becausetheaccount

assignmentobjectCostCenterisactivatedinCustomizing. Ifthis

was not the case, you would not be able to find the input field

CostCenterineitherascreenlayoutruleorinamasterrecordfor

the asset.

You will become acquainted with the necessary Customizing

settingsforthisinUnit5(PeriodicProcessing).

4. Wouldscreenlayoutrule3000ensurethatduringsubsequent“creationof

assetswith reference”, the input field Description 1 wascopied fromthe

reference?

Hint: Evenifitdoesnot,pleaseDONOTchangetheCustomizing

entry.

5. Optional: Would the Insurance Type input field be copied asa result of

screen layout rule 3000?

Task 6:

Nowthatyouhavebecomefamiliarwiththemasterdatasectionoftheassetclass,

youcannowmoveontothedepreciationareadatasection. Calltherelevant

transaction in Customizing.

1. What is the transaction code for this?

2. Whatarethedefaultvaluesforthedepreciationkeysforassetclass2100?

3. Whichscreenlayoutruleisstoredinthedepreciationdatasectionofasset

class 3000?

4. Is the depreciation key for the screen layout rule 1000 specified as a

required field?

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Task 7:

Copying asset classes:

1. Assumption: Tomapyourassetsinthesystem,youneedaseparateasset

classfor machines. Therefore, create an asset class MA## (## stands for

“your”group number), by copyingclass 2100.

Hint: Whenyougenerateyournewassetclassbysimplycopying

an existing asset class and changing this copy, you obtain a

completeassetclasscontainingawithmasterdatasectionAND

a depreciation data section.

Ifyoucreateanewassetclasswithoutareference,youonlyobtain

themasterdatasectionandyouhavetocompletelyconfigurethe

depreciationareasectioninasubsequentstep.

Task 8:

1. Your colleague from the asset accounting department is concerned as to

whetherassetsunderconstructioncanbeadequatelymaintainedintheSAP

System.

He is mainly interested in knowing if there are different processes for

settlement. Therefore compare the settings for asset class 4000 (assets

underconstruction)relatingtothestatus“assetunderconstruction”withthe

featuresofotherstandardassetclasses,andexplainthedifferencestoyour

colleague (in this case your neighbor).

Task 9:

OptionalandspecifictoGermany: Infuture,theassetaccountingdepartment

willalsohavetoenterandadministerlow-valueassets(LVA).Therefore,youmust

nowdefinethemaximumvalueforlowvalueassetsforcompanycodeAA##.

Note: Ifyouarenot surewhatmaximumvaluetouse, pleaseaskyour

instructor.

Hint: Pleaserememberthat theLVAamountis country-specific. You

cansetthemaximumLVAamount for normalacquisitionpostingsand

also for acquisitions using purchaseorders.

1. Tomaptheregulationsintroduced on01/01/2008in Germanyin an SAP

system,youcanproceedasfollows: DefinethemaximumLVAamountof

€1,000foryourcompanycodeAA##indepreciationarea15.

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

2. Nowcheckif,theclass3005ischeckedagainstthemaximumamountyou

defined. Usuallyyouwillnotneedtosetanythingasthisconfigurationhas

beenadoptedfromyourchartofdepreciationtemplate1AC.

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Solution 3: Functions of the Asset Class

Task 1:

Number assignment of Asset Accounting:

1. InordertoworkwithcomponentFI-AAinyourcompanycodeAA##,you

stillneedtomake settingsfornumberassignment.

You can useONEof thefollowingmethods:

EITHER defineaseparatenumberrangeinterval(thequickestwaytodo

thisistocopythenumberrangeintervalofcompanycode1000)ORchoose

cross-company-codenumberassignmenttogetherwithcompanycode1000

andpossiblyalsowithother groupsin AC305.

a) Firstsolution–copyintervalofcompanycode1000:

In Customizing for Asset Accounting, choose Organizational

Structures→AssetClasses→DefineNumberRangeInterval.

OntheNumberRangesforAssetsscreen,entercompanycode1000.

Inthesamescreen,fromthemenubar,chooseUtilities→Copy.

TheCopy: CompanyCodedialogboxwillappear.

Enterthefollowingdata,andconfirmyourentries:

FieldNameorDataType Value

From ..... 1000

To ..... AA##

Confirmthedialogboxthatfollowsandthentakealookatthemessage

displayed below in the status line.

b) Second solution –cross-company-codenumberassignment with

company code 1000:

In Customizing for Asset Accounting, choose Organizational

Structures→SpecifyNumberAssignmentAcrossCompanyCodes.

LookfortherowcontainingyourcompanycodeAA##andenterthe

following data:

FieldNameorDataType Value

No.CoCd 1000

Save.

Continued on next page

FieldNameorDataType	Value
From .....	1000
To .....	AA##

FieldNameorDataType	Value
No.CoCd	1000

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Task 2:

InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,youmustfirstcallupthetransactionthat

providesyouwithanoverviewofalltheassetclassesthatexist.

1. What is the transaction code?

a) In Customizing for Asset Accounting, choose Organizational

Structures→AssetClasses→DefineAssetClasses.

Solution: Thetransaction code isOAOA.

Task 3:

Gotothedetailscreenforanassetclass(forexample,assetclass3000).

1. Whichcontrolparametersforanassetclassaredefinedthere?

a) In Customizing for Asset Accounting, choose Organizational

Structures→AssetClasses→DefineAssetClasses.

PlacethecursorontherowcontainingClass3000andchoosethemenu

optionGoto→Details(ordouble-clicktherowtoselecttheclass).

You will see the following control parameters: account

determination, screenlayoutrule,numberrange

2. Whichnumberrange/numberrangeintervalisassignedtoassetclass3000?

a) In Customizing for Asset Accounting, choose Organizational

Structures→AssetClasses→DefineAssetClasses.

Place the cursor on the row containing Class 3000, for example,

and choose the menu option Goto → Details (or double-click the

corresponding rowto select the class).

Solution: Youseethenumberrangeinterval03.

3. RemainintheChangeView"AssetClasses": Detailsscreenandplacethe

cursorontheAccountdeterm. fieldandcalluptheF1helptofinddetailed

informationabouthowaccountdeterminationworks.

a) Proceedasdescribed intheexercisetext.

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Task 4:

Account Determination / Account Assignment:

1. Whichaccount determinationisenteredin thetraining system for class

2000?

a) In Customizing for Asset Accounting, choose Organizational

Structures→AssetClasses→DefineAssetClasses.

Placethecursorontherowcontainingclass2000andchoosethemenu

optionGoto→Details(ordouble-clicktherow).

Solution:Theaccountdeterminationforclass2000is20000.

2. Whichbalancesheetassetaccountwouldthesystemposttoinconnection

withaccountdetermination20000foranassetacquisition(indepreciation

area 01 and using chart of accountINT)?

a) In Customizing for Asset Accounting, chooseIntegration with the

General Ledger →Assign G/L Accounts.

In the table, select the entry INT.

In the dialog structure, choose Account Determination by

double-clicking.

In the table, select the entry 20000.

In the dialog structure, choose Balance Sheet Accounts by

double-clicking.

Solution: Theaccount number is11000.

Continued on next page

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

3. Which (FI) account number hastheexpense account for cost-accounting

depreciation (depreciation area 20) of an asset of class 2100, if chart of

accounts INT is used?

a) First, youneedtofindoutwhichaccountdeterminationisstoredfor

class 2100.

Result: Accountdetermination20000isalsodefinedforclass2100.

Todothis,proceedasfollows: InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,

chooseIntegrationwiththeGeneralLedger→AssignG/LAccounts.

In the table, select the entry INT.

In the dialog structure, choose Account Determination by

double-clicking.

In the table, select the entry 20000.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseDepreciationbydouble-clicking.

Place the cursor on therowfor depreciation area20and choose the

menu optionGoto →Details, for example.

Solution: Theaccount number is481000.

Task 5:

Screen structure:

1. Start transaction OAOA again, and then use F1 to call the help function,

forexample,fortheclass2100,inordertofindoutwhatthescreenlayout

rules are used for.

a) Entertransaction/nOAOAinthecommandfieldatthetopleft. Place

thecursorontherowforclass2100andchoosethemenuoptionGoto

→ Details.

Use F1 to call the help function.

2. Whichscreenlayoutruleisassignedtoclass2100inthetrainingsystem?

a) Entertransaction/nOAOAinthecommandfieldatthetopleft. Place

thecursorontherowforclass2100andchoosethemenuoptionGoto

→ Details.

Solution: Screen layout rule 2000

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

3. NotethattheassetmasterrecordfieldsDescription1(foundinthelogical

fieldgroupGeneraldata)andCostCenter(foundinthelogicalfieldgroup

Time-DependentData)alwaysneedtobefilledlater,whenyoucreateanew

asset master record. Check whether these fields are defined as required

entry fields in screen layout rule 2000.

Hint: FromReleaseR/34.7onwards: TheinputfieldCostCenter

(just as for the CO Internal Order // Cost Order, for example) is

onlydisplayedfor maintenanceinthescreenlayout rules(within

thelogicalfieldgroupTime-dependentdata) becausetheaccount

assignmentobjectCostCenterisactivatedinCustomizing. Ifthis

was not the case, you would not be able to find the input field

CostCenterineitherascreenlayoutruleorinamasterrecordfor

the asset.

You will become acquainted with the necessary Customizing

settingsforthisinUnit5(PeriodicProcessing).

a) InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,chooseMasterData→Screen

Layout→DefineScreenLayoutforAssetMasterData.

IntheChooseActivitydialogbox, chooseDefineScreen Layout for

Asset Master Data.

Inthetable, selectScreen layout rule2000.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseLogicalfieldgroupsbydouble-clicking.

Inthetable,thenselectthelogicalfieldgroupslistedintheexercise.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseFieldgrouprulesbydouble-clicking.

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

4. Wouldscreenlayoutrule3000ensurethatduringsubsequent“creationof

assetswith reference”, the input field Description 1 wascopied fromthe

reference?

Hint: Evenifitdoesnot,pleaseDONOTchangetheCustomizing

entry.

a) InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,chooseMasterData→Screen

Layout→DefineScreenLayoutforAssetMasterData

IntheChooseActivitydialogbox, chooseDefine Screen Layout for

Asset Master Data.

Inthetable, selectScreenlayout rule3000.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseLogicalfieldgroupsbydouble-clicking.

Inthetable,selectthelogicalfieldgroupGeneralData.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseFieldgrouprulesbydouble-clicking.

Solution: No,theDescription1fieldwouldnotbecopied.

5. Optional: Would the Insurance Type input field be copied asa result of

screen layout rule 3000?

a) InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,chooseMasterData→Screen

Layout→DefineScreenLayoutforAssetMasterData

IntheChooseActivitydialogbox, chooseDefine Screen Layout for

Asset Master Data.

Inthetable, selectScreenlayout rule3000.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseLogicalfieldgroupsbydouble-clicking.

Inthetable,selectthelogicalfieldgroupInsurance.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseFieldgrouprulesbydouble-clicking.

Solution: Yes,theinputfieldInsuranceTypewouldbecopied.

Continued on next page

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Task 6:

Nowthatyouhavebecomefamiliarwiththemasterdatasectionoftheassetclass,

youcannowmoveontothedepreciationareadatasection. Calltherelevant

transaction in Customizing.

1. What is the transaction code for this?

a) InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,chooseValuation→Determine

Depreciation Areasin the Asset Class.

Note: If you start this transaction for the first time once

you have logged on, you still need to enter your chart of

depreciationAA##intheChoosechartofdepreciationdialog

box and confirm your entries.

b) Solution: ThetransactioniscalledOAYZ.

2. Whatarethedefaultvaluesforthedepreciationkeysforassetclass2100?

a) In the table, select class 2100.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseDepreciationAreasbydouble-clicking.

Solution: ThedepreciationkeysarenamedLINK,andinarea20isthe

key LINA is stored.

3. Whichscreenlayoutruleisstoredinthedepreciationdatasectionofasset

class 3000?

a) Solution: Screenlayoutrule1000isstoredforallareas.

4. Is the depreciation key for the screen layout rule 1000 specified as a

required field?

a) InCustomizingforAssetAccounting,chooseMasterData→Screen

Layout→DefineScreenLayoutforAssetDepreciationAreas.

Inthetable, selectScreen layout rule1000.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseFieldgrouprulesbydouble-clicking.

Solution:Yes,thedepreciationkeyisdeclaredasarequiredentryfield.

Continued on next page

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Task 7:

Copying asset classes:

1. Assumption: Tomapyourassetsinthesystem,youneedaseparateasset

classfor machines. Therefore, create an asset class MA## (## stands for

“your”group number), by copyingclass2100.

Hint: Whenyougenerateyournewassetclassbysimplycopying

an existing asset class and changing this copy, you obtain a

completeassetclasscontainingawithmasterdatasectionAND

a depreciation data section.

Ifyoucreateanewassetclasswithoutareference,youonlyobtain

themaster datasectionand youhavetocompletelyconfigurethe

depreciationareasectioninasubsequentstep.

a) In Customizing for Asset Accounting, choose Organizational

Structures→AssetClasses→DefineAssetClasses.

Select class 2100. On thesamescreen, choosethe menu itemEdit,

Copy As ...

Overwritetheentry2100intheinputfieldAssetClasswiththeentry

MA## and confirm your entry.

Save.

Task 8:

1. Your colleague from the asset accounting department is concerned as to

whetherassetsunderconstructioncanbeadequatelymaintainedintheSAP

System.

He is mainly interested in knowing if there are different processes for

settlement. Therefore compare the settings for asset class 4000 (assets

underconstruction)relatingtothestatus“assetunderconstruction”withthe

featuresofotherstandardassetclasses,andexplainthedifferencestoyour

colleague (in this case your neighbor).

a) In Customizing for Asset Accounting, choose Organizational

Structures→AssetClasses→DefineAssetClasses.

Double-click class 4000.

Most important difference: Class4000 specifies that in field group

StatusofAuC,anAuCisnotprocessedasasummarysettlementbutis

settled on a line item basis.

Continued on next page

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Task 9:

OptionalandspecifictoGermany: Infuture,theassetaccountingdepartment

willalsohavetoenterandadministerlow-valueassets(LVA).Therefore,youmust

nowdefinethemaximumvalueforlowvalueassetsforcompanycodeAA##.

Note: Ifyouarenot surewhatmaximumvaluetouse, pleaseaskyour

instructor.

Hint: Pleaserememberthat theLVAamountis country-specific. You

cansetthemaximumLVAamount for normalacquisitionpostingsand

also for acquisitions using purchaseorders.

1. Tomaptheregulationsintroduced on01/01/2008in Germanyin an SAP

system,youcanproceedasfollows: DefinethemaximumLVAamountof

€1,000foryourcompanycodeAA##indepreciationarea15.

a) InCustomizingfor Asset Accounting, chooseValuation→ Amount

Specifications(Company Code/DepreciationArea)→SpecifyMax.

AmountforLow-ValueAssets+AssetClasses.

IntheChooseActivitydialogbox,chooseSpecifyamountforlowvalue

assets.

Inthetable, select yourcompanycodeAA##.

In the dialog structure, choose Amount for low-value assets by

double-clicking.

Entertheamountspecifiedintheexerciseinarea15intheLVAAmount

column.

2. Nowcheckif,theclass3005ischeckedagainstthemaximumamountyou

defined. Usuallyyouwillnotneedtosetanythingasthisconfigurationhas

beenadoptedfromyourchartofdepreciationtemplate1AC.

a) InCustomizingfor Asset Accounting, chooseValuation→ Amount

Specifications(Company Code/DepreciationArea)→SpecifyMax.

AmountforLow-ValueAssets+AssetClasses.

IntheChooseActivitydialogbox,chooseSpecifyLVAassetclasses.

In the table, select asset class 3005.

Inthedialogstructure,chooseLow-val. assetcheckbydouble-clicking.

Solution: Depreciationarea15checksagainstavalue-basedmaximum

amount.

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AC305 Lesson: Functions of the Asset Class

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• ... Structure assets by creating asset classes

• ... Understand the significance of the asset classas a main classification

criterion

• ... Nameandexplainthecomponentsofanassetclassandfindandmaintain

them in Customizing

• ... Explain and understand the special nature of the special asset classes

“assetsunder construction”and“low-valueassets”

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Lesson: Asset Master Records

Lesson Overview

Whenyoucreateassetmasterrecords,youhaveanumberofoptions. Thislesson

willteachyoutocreateandchangemasterdatainAssetAccounting.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• ... CreateandchangemasterdatainAssetAccounting

Business Example

The Asset Accounting department would like to learn how various business

transactions take place in/with SAP Asset Accounting. Various asset master

records are required for this.

Figure 23: Create Master Record

Whenyoucreateanassetmasterrecord,youhavetwooptions:

1. Enterthecompanycodeandassetclassforthenewassetmasterrecord-the

asset classprovidesthemost important default valuesto the asset master

record.

2. Use an existing asset master record as a reference, as the reference asset

might offerbetterdefault valuesthananassetclassalone. Makesurethat

youdonotthencopyunwanteddatafromthe“referenceasset”,forexample,

the capitalization date.

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AC305 Lesson: Asset Master Records

Inbothcases,enteralltherequiredfieldsandallotherdesiredinformationinthe

masterrecordandthensaveyournewassetmasterrecord. Whenyousaveyour

entries, you receive an asset number.

Figure 24: Create Multiple Similar Asset Records

Whencreatingassetmasterrecords,youcancreatemultiplesimilarassets.

This function is useful, for example, if you purchase 20 PCs at once for your

trainingdepartment,or12desksforanewsuiteofoffices.

Youcanstillmakeseparateentriesforeachindividualassetinthefollowing

fields:

• Description of the asset

• Inventory number

• Business area

• Cost center

• Evaluation groups 1-5

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Figure 25: Time-Dependent Data

Someinformationintheassetmasterrecordcanbemanagedastime-dependent

data. This is of particular significance for the assignment of assets to CO

organizationalunits,forexample, costcenterorproject).

Shift operation and asset shutdown can have a direct effect on depreciation.

Thereforeyoushouldentertheminthetime-dependentdata,wheretheycanbe

changed on a monthly basis.

The various time-dependent assignments/intervals can be created, edited, and

calledinthemasterrecord,assoonasthishasbeensaved,bychoosingtheFurther

Intervalsbutton intheTime-dependanttab page.

Figure 26: Changing Assets

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AC305 Lesson: Asset Master Records

Each time you change an asset master record, the system creates a change

document. Thechangedocumentcontainsalistoffieldsthatwerechangedand

the numberof changesto afield. In addition, thenameof theuser and the old

and new contents of fields are stored.

Thechangedocumentscanbecalleddirectlyfromtherelevantassetmasterrecord

(=>transactioncodeAS02)orusingthestandardreportRAAEND01,whichcan

be found in the asset accounting information system under: Reports on Asset

Accounting → Preparations for closing→ International → Changes to Asset

Master Records.

Ifmanyassetmasterrecordsareaffectedbyachange,youcancarryoutamass

change-formoreinformation,alsorefertothenextlesson.

Figure 27: Asset and Equipment Master Records

Previously, the method forassigning equipment to an asset was to enter the

assetnumberintherelevantmasterrecord. Thisfunctionalitystillexists. Several

pieces of equipment can be assigned to an asset, but a piece of equipment can

only belong to one asset.

AsofRelease4.6C,youcanensureintegrationbetweentheFI-AAandthePlant

Maintenance(=>PM) componentsbysynchronouslycreatingand/or changing

equipment and asset.

You can set up thesystem so that when you create an asset master record, the

systemautomaticallycreatesanequipmentmasterrecordwhilecopyingthevalues

ofcertainmasterdatafields(forexample,theCompanyCodeandtheInventory

Number). Ifyouchangemasterdataintheassetatalaterpointintime,thesystem

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

thenautomaticallyupdatesthefieldsintheequipmentmasterrecordandtheother

wayaround. Inaddition,oralternatively,youcansetupaworkflowthatinforms

thepersonresponsibleinPMwhenassetsarecreatedorchanged,forexample.

Therelevantcustomizingpathscanbefoundunder: FinancialAccounting(new)

→AssetAccounting→MasterData→AutomaticCreationofEquipmentMaster

Records.

Formoreinformation,refertoSAPNotes370884and549929.

Figure 28: The Depreciation Area in the Asset Master Record and in the

Asset Class

Thedefaultvaluesinthedepreciationdatasectionofanassetmasterrecordcome

fromtheassetclass. Youmaychangeoraddtotheminthedifferentdepreciation

areas of the asset master record.

Some of the data/information in the depreciation areas of the asset is derived

from the acquisition posting.

Information, such as index, variable depreciation portion, or scrap value are

additional parameters that are mainly used/needed in the cost-accounting

depreciation area.

Hint: SAPERP6.0allowsyouto(also)maketime-dependentdefinitions

ofselecteddepreciationterms. RefertothePeriodicProcessingsection

for more information.

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AC305 Lesson: Asset Master Records

Figure 29: Asset Subnumber

Ifafixedassetismadeupofmanycomponentassets,youmaywanttomanage

thesecomponentassetsasseparatesubnumbers. Thismightbeusefulforboth

technical and accounting reasons.

You can also specify external or internal number assignment for the asset

subnumber. Youmakethisspecificationintheassetclass. Forexample,youcould

useexternalnumberassignmentduringthelegacydatatransferandthenswitch

over to internal number assignment after the legacy data transfer is complete.

Afterdatatransfer,youcangotointernalnumberassignment.

You can divide up assets by subnumbers, if:

• You want to manage the values for subsequent acquisitions in following

years separately - for example, buildings.

• Youwanttomanagethevaluesforindividualpartsofassetsseparately.

• Youwanttosplittheassetaccordingtovarioustechnicalaspects.

Usingthescreenlayoutintheassetclass, youcanspecifymaintenancelevelat

thesubnumberlevel. Thisallowsyoutochangethedefaultvaluefordepreciation

terms on the subnumber.

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Unit2: MasterData AC305

Figure 30: History List / Personal Value List

AsofRelease4.6,youhavetheoptionofstoringvaluesthatyourequirefrequently

in a personal value list.

The personal value list can beturned off (in Master Data Management: Menu

Settings→Interface), ifyoudonot wanttouseit. Thenwhenyouchoosethe

possibleentriespushbutton,yougoimmediatelytothegeneralinputhelp.