AC280_EN_Col92_FV_Part_A4 (第6页) | ERP软件技术分享

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AC280 Lesson: Displaying Reports

Exercise 9: Drilldown Reporting in

Financial Accounting

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• DefineandexecutedifferenttypesofformsandreportsinFI-GL

• Explainandusenavigationoptionswhenyouaredisplayingareport

• Defineformsandreportsmoreflexiblyusingcharacteristicandtextvariables

• Try variouslayoutsettingsfor thereport output

• Explainthedifferenttypesofcellsandusecellsinformulas

• Usedifferentoutputtypesforreportsandtestthefunctionsduringoutput

Business Example

EmployeesinFinancialAccounting want tolearnabouttheevaluationoptions

providedbydrilldownreporting,andusethevariousnavigationoptions.

Task 1:

For the existing form 0SAPFS10-01, create thereport G##-BALANC1 (## =

groupnumber) with thedescriptionGR##-balancedisplay for thereport type

Reporting for Table FAGLFLEXT.

1. DrilldownReporting: Maintainandexecutereports→Createreport

Choose the following drilldown characteristics in addition to the fixed

characteristicsCurrency(1)andcurrencytype(2):

Financial statement item (3)

Account number (4), and

Profit Center (5).

Thenumbersinparentheses()correspondwiththesortorder.

Inthehierarchyselectionforthefinancialstatementitem,youdetermine

thatyouhavetoenterthefinancialstatementversionwhenyouexecute

the report.

As the output type, choose Classic drilldown (basic list: detail) and

Available on selection screen..

Save your report.

Continued on next page

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Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Task 2:

Execute the report.

1. ExitthemaintenancescreenforthereportbychoosingExit.

Execute your report.

Start the report from your user menu.

DrilldownReporting: Maintainandexecutereports→Executereports

Drilldownreport→Execute(ordouble-clickreportG##-BALANC1.)

Choose the current fiscal year.

Youwanttooutputthefinancialstatementvaluesforcompanycode1000.

Currency type 10

Choose financial statement version INT.

Period is 1.

Ledger is 0L with Current fiscal year

Task 3:

Inthenavigation area, changeyour fixed characteristics tocurrencytypeand

currency EUR.

1. Intheoutput,drilldownyourreportaccordingtothecharacteristicvalues

foraccountnumberandProfitcentertoseetheperiod balance forthe

current fiscal year for Consumptn, raw mat.1(account 400000) and the

Profit center 1010 (High speed pumps).

ResettheselectionofthecharacteristicsAccountnumberandProfitcenter.

Execute the following functions:

a)Numberformatforamountcolumns,scaling100000

Settings → Number format: Amount columns(or: pushbutton Number

Format)

b)Hierarchydisplay(+Expand/Collapse)forthefinancialstatementitem

inthenavigationareaontheleft,chooseFinancialstatementitem.

Navigate → FS item

Navigate → Hierarchy → Expand All.

Navigate→Hierarchy→Collapse,andthenonceagainchoose:

Navigate → Hierarchy → Collapse.

c) Currency translation:

Continued on next page

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AC280 Lesson: Displaying Reports

Settings→Currency: USDwithmeanrate(asofstartofperiod)

d) Characteristic Display:

Settings →CharacteristicDisplay: Nameandkey

Task 4:

Executeyourreport,G##-BALPL-02(##=groupnumber).

1. DrilldownReporting: Maintainandexecutereports→Executereports

Drilldownreport→Execute(ordouble-clickreportG##-BALPL-02).

Current fiscal year

Company code: 1000

Report → Save data

Runthereportagainwiththesameselectiondata.

Task 5:

Execute your report in the background.

1. Drilldown Reporting: Maintain and execute reports →Background

processing

DefineReportingforTableFAGLFLEXTasthereporttype.

Report G##-BALPL-02

Execute

Enter the Currency type 10.

EnterCompanyCode1000andthepreviousfiscalyear.

Choose 1 (reselect) as theRead mode, and

Rebuildfrozenreportdataaspresummarizeddata.

Execute the program in the background.

Program → Execute in background

ChoosetheoutputdeviceLP01(donotprintimmediately)andthenchoose

Immediate as the start.

Choose Save.

Check whetheryour backgroundjobiscomplete.

Continued on next page

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Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Nowperformyourreport onlineagain,enteringthesameselectiondata

asyouenteredforbackgroundprocessing(fiscalyear: previousyearand

company code 1000).

Whichreport data doesthesystempropose?

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AC280 Lesson: Displaying Reports

Solution 9: Drilldown Reporting in

Financial Accounting

Task 1:

For the existing form 0SAPFS10-01, create thereport G##-BALANC1 (## =

groupnumber) with thedescriptionGR##-balancedisplay for thereport type

Reporting for Table FAGLFLEXT.

1. DrilldownReporting: Maintainandexecutereports→Createreport

Choose the following drilldown characteristics in addition to the fixed

characteristicsCurrency(1)andcurrencytype(2):

Financial statement item (3)

Account number (4), and

Profit Center (5).

Thenumbersinparentheses()correspondwiththesortorder.

Inthehierarchyselectionforthefinancialstatementitem,youdetermine

thatyouhavetoenterthefinancialstatementversionwhenyouexecute

the report.

As the output type, choose Classic drilldown (basic list: detail) and

Available on selection screen..

Save your report.

a) Asdrilldowncharacteristics, choosethefollowing:

In addition to the fixed characteristics:

• (1) Currency and

• (2) Currency type,

choosetheuser-defined characteristics:

• (3) FS item,

• (4) Account number, and

• (5) Profit center.

OntheOutputtypetabpage,choosetheoutputtypeClassicdrilldown

(basiclist: Detail)andAvailableonselectionscreen.

Save your report.

Continued on next page

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Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Task 2:

Execute the report.

1. ExitthemaintenancescreenforthereportbychoosingExit.

Execute your report.

Start the report from your user menu.

DrilldownReporting: Maintainandexecutereports→Executereports

Drilldownreport→Execute(ordouble-clickreportG##-BALANC1.)

Choose the current fiscal year.

Youwanttooutputthefinancialstatementvaluesforcompanycode1000.

Currency type 10

Choose financial statement version INT.

Period is 1.

Ledger is 0L with Current fiscal year

a) Companycode1000andFinancialstatementversionINT

Execute

Task 3:

Inthenavigation area, changeyour fixed characteristics tocurrencytypeand

currency EUR.

1. Intheoutput,drilldownyourreportaccordingtothecharacteristicvalues

foraccountnumberandProfitcentertoseetheperiod balance forthe

current fiscal year for Consumptn, raw mat.1(account 400000) and the

Profit center 1010 (High speed pumps).

ResettheselectionofthecharacteristicsAccountnumberandProfitcenter.

Execute the following functions:

a)Numberformatforamountcolumns,scaling100000

Settings → Number format: Amount columns(or: pushbutton Number

Format)

b)Hierarchydisplay(+Expand/Collapse)forthefinancialstatementitem

inthenavigationareaontheleft,chooseFinancialstatementitem.

Navigate → FS item

Navigate → Hierarchy → Expand All.

Navigate→Hierarchy→Collapse,andthenonceagainchoose:

Continued on next page

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AC280 Lesson: Displaying Reports

Navigate → Hierarchy → Collapse.

c) Currency translation:

Settings→Currency: USDwithmeanrate(asofstartofperiod)

d) Characteristic Display:

Settings →CharacteristicDisplay: Nameandkey

a) Procedure:

Intheright-handNavigationarea: currencytype: arrowdownwards

orusingthemagnifyingglass,choose10(companycodecurrency)

In the navigation area on the left:

Choose Account number

In the navigation area on the right:

Choosethemagnifyingglassnexttotheaccountnumber.

In the value list, search for 400000 using the binoculars (choose

Execute to select the value)

Inthenavigationareaontheleft: ChooseProfitcenter

In the navigation area on the right:

Clickthemagnifyingglassnext toProfitcenter

Profit center 1010 (Highspeed pumps)

Reverse:

In the navigation area on the right:

ChoosethetotalsiconinfrontofProfitcenter, and

onthetotalsiconinfrontofAccount number

Execute the following functions:

a)Numberformatforamountcolumns,scaling100000

Settings→Numberformat: Amountcolumns(or: pushbuttonNumber

Format)

b) Hierarchy Display:

Navigate → FS item

Navigate → Hierarchy→ Expand all

Navigate→Hierarchy→Collapseandagain

Navigate → Hierarchy → Collapse

Continued on next page

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Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

c) Currency translation

Settings → Currency:

By currency: USD

Translationtype: Meanrate(asofstartofperiod).

d)CharacteristicDisplay: Allcharacteristicswithnameandkey.

Settings → Characteristic Display

Task 4:

Executeyourreport,G##-BALPL-02(##=groupnumber).

1. DrilldownReporting: Maintainandexecutereports→Executereports

Drilldownreport→Execute(ordouble-clickreportG##-BALPL-02).

Current fiscal year

Company code: 1000

Report → Save data

Runthereportagainwiththesameselectiondata.

a) Choose the current fiscal year.

Youwanttodisplaythefinancialstatementvaluesforcompanycode

1000. Whenthedataisdisplayed,chooseSave.

Report → Save data

Ifyourunthereportagainwiththesameselectiondata,youhavethe

optionofreselectingthedataorchoosingthereportdataforthelast

extractsaved. Executethereportwithyoursaveddata.

Task 5:

Execute your report in the background.

1. Drilldown Reporting: Maintain and execute reports →Background

processing

DefineReportingforTableFAGLFLEXTasthereporttype.

Report G##-BALPL-02

Execute

Enter the Currency type 10.

EnterCompanyCode1000andthepreviousfiscalyear.

Continued on next page

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AC280 Lesson: Displaying Reports

Choose 1 (reselect) as theRead mode, and

Rebuildfrozenreportdataaspresummarizeddata.

Execute the program in the background.

Program → Execute in background

ChoosetheoutputdeviceLP01(donotprintimmediately)andthenchoose

Immediate as the start.

Choose Save.

Check whetheryour backgroundjobiscomplete.

Nowperformyourreportonlineagain,enteringthesameselectiondata

asyouenteredforbackgroundprocessing(fiscalyear: previousyearand

company code 1000).

Which report data doesthesystem propose?

a) PREVIOUS fiscal year

Company code 1000

Read mode: 1 (reselect)

Presummarizeddata: ChooseRebuildfrozenreportdata.

Program → Execute in background

Output device: LP01

Continue

Values for Start Time: Immediately

Save

The following message appears:

“Jobschedulingperformedforprogram. Youcancheckwhetheryour

backgroundjobiscompleteby choosing:”

System → Own jobs

Report G##-BALPL-02

Drilldown report → Execute

Enterthesameselectiondataasforbackgroundprocessing(Fiscal

year: PREVIOUSYEARandcompanycode1000).

Thesystemprovidesthereportdatathatwassavedbybackground

processing.

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Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Use different types of report outputs

• Create graphics

• Export data to Microsoft Excel

• Havethesystemperform currency translation

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AC280 Lesson: Report/Report Interface and Report Assignment

Lesson: Report/Report Interface and Report Assignment

Lesson Overview

Inthislesson,youwilllearnaboutreport/reportinterfacesandreportassignments,

which areprovided within drilldown reports.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, youwillbeable to:

• Set up a report/report interface

• Use report assignments

Business Example

EmployeesinFinancialAccountingwanttousevariousdrilldownreports. Report

assignmentstodrilldownreportsareconsideredofinterest.

Figure 92: Report/Report Interface

Toenableyoutoreportonanumberofcharacteristicsorchangingcombinations

of characteristics, you would have to define a very comprehensive report that

mightnotactuallybeexecutableonlineduetothelargevolumeofdata.

Using thereport/report interface, you can link several individual reports, each

with alimited number of characteristics, to allowyouto perform flexibledata

evaluations online.

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Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Recipient objectsareotherdrilldownreports, report portfolios, queries, ABAP

reports, Report Writer reports, and transactions.

Usingthereport/reportinterfaceyoucan, forexample:

• Link reports that contain different characteristics in an application. This

enables you to report on a larger number of characteristics than with

individual reports.

• Linkreportscreatedinthedifferentapplicationclasses.

Figure 93: Report Assignment

1.

You assign the recipient reports in the report definition by choosing Options.

Choose Report assignment and define the report type (report portfolio, query,

drilldownreport,ABAPreport,ReportWriter,ortransaction).

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AC280 Lesson: Report/Report Interface and Report Assignment

Exercise 10: Drilldown Reporting in

Financial Accounting

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• DefineandexecutedifferenttypesofformsandreportsinFI-GL

• Explainandusenavigationoptionswhenyouaredisplayingareport

• Defineformsandreportsmoreflexiblyusingcharacteristicandtextvariables

• Try variouslayoutsettingsfor thereport output

• Explainthedifferenttypesofcellsandusecellsinformulas

• Usedifferentoutputtypesforreportsandtestthefunctionsduringoutput

Business Example

EmployeesinFinancialAccounting want tolearnabouttheevaluationoptions

providedbydrilldownreportingandusethevariousnavigationoptions.

Task 1:

ChangereportG##-BALPL-02(##=groupnumber)suchthatyouforwardthe

data from this report to a recipient report.

1. Lineitemreport FAGL_ACCOUNT_ITEMS_GL

Choose

the Options tab page.

Choose Extras, then Report assignment.

Choose Insert row.

ChoosetheOtherreporttypepushbutton: ReporttypeRT,

ChooseFAGL_ACCOUNT_ITEMS_GL(novariant);descriptionofrecipient

report: Line item G/L accounts

Save the report assignment.

Save the report.

Continued on next page

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Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Task 2:

ExecutereportG##-BALPL-02(##=groupnumber). Choosecurrencytype10,

company code1000 and Current fiscal year.

1. IntheoutputchoosetheAccountnumbertobreakdownonandgodownuntil

youfindtheaccount113100DteBankdomestic.

Placethecursorontheamountforthecurrentfiscalyear.

Choose Call up report .

CallupthereportforG/Laccountlineitemsandgotothedocumentdisplay.

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AC280 Lesson: Report/Report Interface and Report Assignment

Solution 10: Drilldown Reporting in

Financial Accounting

Task 1:

ChangereportG##-BALPL-02(##=groupnumber)suchthatyouforwardthe

data from this report to a recipient report.

1. Lineitemreport FAGL_ACCOUNT_ITEMS_GL

Choose

the Options tab page.

Choose Extras, then Report assignment.

Choose Insert row.

ChoosetheOtherreporttypepushbutton: ReporttypeRT,

ChooseFAGL_ACCOUNT_ITEMS_GL(novariant);descriptionofrecipient

report: Line item G/L accounts

Save the report assignment.

Save the report.

a) Change report G##-BALPL-02.

ChooseUser menu → Change report.

Place the cursor on G##-BALPL-02.

ChooseDrilldown report → Change.

FAGL_ACCOUNT_ITEMS_GL(novariant).

Choose the Options tab page

Choose Extras, then Report assignment.

Choose Insert row.

ChoosetheOtherreporttypepushbutton: ReporttypeRT,

Enter FAGL_ACCOUNT_ITEMS_GL (no variant); description of

recipient report: Line

item G/L accounts

Continued on next page

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Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Task 2:

ExecutereportG##-BALPL-02(##=groupnumber). Choosecurrencytype10,

company code1000 and Current fiscal year.

1. IntheoutputchoosetheAccountnumbertobreakdownonandgodownuntil

youfindtheaccount113100DteBankdomestic.

Placethecursorontheamountforthecurrentfiscalyear.

Choose Call up report .

CallupthereportforG/Laccountlineitemsandgotothedocumentdisplay.

a) ClickonthenavigationelementAccountnumber,thenonFSItemto

allowforabreakdownbyaccountnumber. Thenscrolldownuntilyou

find the account 113100. Click on the balance for the current year

and then press the Call up Report icon. This will bring you to the

G/L Account Line Items Display.

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AC280 Lesson: Report/Report Interface and Report Assignment

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Set up a report/report interface

• Use report assignments

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UnitSummary AC280

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describeyourknowledgeofthearchitectureofdrilldownreporting

• Explainthetermscharacteristics andkeyfiguresandthedifferenttypes

of each.

• Explainthedifferencebetweensingle-axisanddual-axisformsandusethese

forms appropriately

• Usevariousnavigationoptionsindrilldownreports

• Define forms

• Define and execute reports

• Defineformsandreportsmoreflexiblyusingcharacteristicandtextvariables

• Use different types of report outputs

• Create graphics

• Export data to Microsoft Excel

• Havethesystemperform currency translation

• Set up a report/report interface

• Use report assignments

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Unit 5

Insight into BW for Financial

Accounting Queries

Unit Overview

EmployeesinAccountsReceivableAccountingnowwanttofindoutaboutthe

evaluationoptionsthatcanbeusedinBWfordatafromFinancials.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Explain thebasics of SAP BW architecture

• GainanoverviewoftheInfoProvidersinFinancials

• ExplainthebasicsoftheInfoCube0FIAR_C02: FIARTransactionData

• Create and change queries

• Explainandusethenavigationoptionsprovidedforquerydisplay

• Save query output in a workbook

• Defineandusecharacteristicvalueandtextvariables

• Defineconditionsandexceptionsandusethemwhenyoudisplayaquery

• Tailorcertainpropertiesofqueriestoyourrequirements

• Add queries to existing workbooks

Unit Contents

Lesson: SAP BW Architecture and InfoArea for Financials...............216

Exercise 11: InfoArea for Financials.....................................219

Lesson: InfoCube for Financials..............................................225

Lesson: Queries.................................................................228

Exercise 12: Insight into SAP BW: Queries.............................241

Lesson: Exceptions, Conditions, and Other Query Properties............262

Exercise 13: Insight into SAP BW: Queries.............................269

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Lesson: SAP BW Architecture and InfoArea for

Financials

Lesson Overview

In this lesson, you will learn about the basic structure of the SAP Business

InformationWarehouse(SAPBW)andstandardqueriesinFinancials.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Explain thebasics of SAP BW architecture

• GainanoverviewoftheInfoProvidersinFinancials

Business Example

EmployeesinFinancialAccountingwanttousetheevaluationoptionsdelivered

in SAP BW.They areprimarilyinterestedinfinding out the basicsof theSAP

BW architecture.

Figure 94: SAP BW Architecture

The SAP Business Information Warehouse (SAP BW) uses a multilevel

architecture to enable maximum flexibility.

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AC280 Lesson: SAP BW Architecture and InfoArea for Financials

SAP BW can extract and deploy data froma variety of sources. This includes

R/3 and R/2 systems, external systems, flat files, commercial data providers,

and other SAP BW systems.

TheSAPBWserverdeliversallofthetoolsrequiredformodeling, extracting,

implementing,summarizing,saving,andcallingupthedata. Sincethedescription

ofthedataisstoredinasharedmetadatarepository,irrespectiveofthesource,data

canbecombinedfromalargenumberofsourcesandusedinextendedanalyses.

ThefunctionsdeliveredintheAdministratorWorkbenchallowadministrators

tocontrol,monitor,andmaintainallprocessesfordataprocurement.

SAPBWuserscanaccessdatausingtheSAPBusinessExplorer,astandardWeb

browser,orthird-partypresentationtoolsthatarecertifiedforusewithageneral

BAPI interface.

Figure 95: DataSource and InfoSource

An InfoSource is a quantity of information that logically belongs together,

summarized into a single unit.

TheInfoSourceislocatedintheBWsystemandcontainsthe communication

structure.

AcommunicationstructuredeliversthedatathatistobesenttotheInfoCube.

ItcontainstheInfoObjects,whichrepresentdatathatlogicallybelongstogether

for the InfoSource.

TheDataSourceintheOLTPsystemcontainstheextractionsourcestructure

and the transfer structure.

Theextractionprogramsusethesestructurestoaccessandextractdatafromthe

source system.

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

TheDataSourceisreplicatedintheSAPBWSystem. Thisiswhereaduplicate

of the transfer structure is generated

The transfer structure in the BW system is linked with the InfoSource using

transfer rules.

Theserulesallowincomingdatatobedebuggedandmodified.

InfoSourcescancomprisetransactiondataandmasterdata(attributes,texts,

and hierarchies).

Figure 96: InfoArea Financial Accounting

The SAP BW databasis comprises data areas (InfoProviders) that are distinct

from the business perspective.

You analyze theSAP BW dataset by defining queries for InfoProviders in the

BEx Query Designer.

By selecting and combining InfoObjects (characteristics and key figures) or

re-usablestructureinaquery, youdeterminethewaysinwhichthedataforthe

selected InfoProvider can be analyzed.

IntheInfoAreaFinancial Accounting, therearestandard InfoProviders(such

as InfoCubes and ODS objects) and queries for the application areas Asset

Accounting, Accounts Receivable Accounting, General Ledger Accounting,

AccountsPayableAccounting, andLeaseAccounting.

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AC280 Lesson: SAP BW Architecture and InfoArea for Financials

Exercise 11: InfoArea for Financials

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Find standardqueriesin thearea Financials

• ExecutetwostandardqueriesinGeneralLedgerAccountingandAccounts

Payable Accounting

Business Example

Employees working in Financial Accounting want to gain an overview of the

standard queries in SAP BW.

Task:

1. You would like to see a structured list of the cumulated balances with a

comparisonofthecurrentfiscalyearagainstthepreviousyearforthearea

General Ledger Accounting. Call up the BEx Analyzer and execute the

queryG/L:Balancesstructured-accumulated,comp. withprev.year.

Company code: 1000

Financialstatementversion: INT

Current fiscal year: 2003

Posting period: Current period

Deactivate the hierarchyso that you get just the account numbers shown

(key) sequentially in the list.

Theaccountsshouldthenbeshownonlyaskey.

2. Youwouldliketoobtainalistofaccountbalancesandasaleslistforyour

vendorsintheareaAccountsPayableAccounting. CalluptheBExAnalyzer

and execute the query

Vendors: Overview

Company code: 1000

Period/Fiscal year: 001.2003through016.2003

The vendorsshould bedisplayed as just key:

Then, onlythecumulatedbalanceshouldbedisplayed:

Continued on next page

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Nowrestore theoriginal statusof thequery:

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AC280 Lesson: SAP BW Architecture and InfoArea for Financials

Solution 11: InfoArea for Financials

Task:

1. You would like to see a structured list of the cumulated balances with a

comparisonofthecurrentfiscalyearagainstthepreviousyearforthearea

General Ledger Accounting. Call up the BEx Analyzer and execute the

queryG/L:Balancesstructured-accumulated,comp. withprev.year.

Company code: 1000

Financialstatementversion: INT

Current fiscal year: 2003

Posting period: Current period

Deactivate the hierarchyso that you get just the account numbers shown

(key) sequentially in the list.

Continued on next page

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Theaccountsshould thenbeshown onlyaskey.

a) Open Queries → InfoAreas → Financial Management &

Controlling→FinancialAccounting→GeneralLedgerAccounting

→General Ledger: Transaction Figures→(Query)G/L:Balances

structured-accumulated,comparisonwithpreviousyear(sixthquery

in the list)

Placethecursoronthisqueryandexecuteit(chooseOK).

Company code: 1000

Financialstatementversion: INT

Current fiscal year: 2003

Posting period: 12

c) Execute the query.

d) Deactivate the hierarchy so that you get just the account numbers

shown (key) sequentially in the list:

Right-clickG/LaccountsandchooseHierarchyactivetodeactivate

the hierarchy.

e) Theaccountsshouldthenbeshownonlyaskey:

Right-click the column G/L Accounts and choose G/L Accounts →

Display as → G/L Account → Key

f) Restore theoriginal status of the query

Thenright-clickinoneoftheresultcolumnsandchooseBacktoStart.

2. Youwouldliketoobtainalistofaccountbalancesandasaleslistforyour

vendorsintheareaAccountsPayableAccounting. CalluptheBExAnalyzer

and execute the query

Vendors: Overview

Company code: 1000

Period/Fiscal year: 001.2003through016.2003

The vendorsshould bedisplayed as just key:

Then,onlythecumulatedbalanceshouldbedisplayed:

Continued on next page

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AC280 Lesson: SAP BW Architecture and InfoArea for Financials

Nowrestoretheoriginal statusof thequery:

a) Open Queries → InfoAreas → Financial Management &

Controlling→FinancialAccounting→AccountsPayableAccounting

→FIAP:TransactionData→(Query)Vendors: Overview

Placethecursoronthisqueryandexecuteit(chooseOK).

b) Entries:

Company code: 1000

Period/Fiscal year: 001.2003through016.2003

c) Execute the query.

d) Thevendorsshouldbedisplayed asjustkey:

SelectthecolumnVendorandchooseVendor→Displayas→Key

e) Onlythecumulatedbalanceshouldbedisplayed:

Right-clickaboveandchooseStructure→SelectFilterValue. Then

holddowntheControlkeyandselectDebit,Credit,Balance,andSales,

andremovethemfromtheselectionbychoosingRemove

Choose OK

f) Restore the original statusof the query

Right-clickinoneoftheresultcolumnsandchooseBacktoStart.

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explain thebasics of SAP BW architecture

• GainanoverviewoftheInfoProvidersinFinancials

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AC280 Lesson: InfoCube for Financials

Lesson: InfoCube for Financials

Lesson Overview

Inthislesson,youwilllearnaboutthebasicstructureofanInfoCube,usingthe

structureoftheInfoCube0FIAR_C02: FIARTransactionDataasanexample.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, youwillbeable to:

• ExplainthebasicsoftheInfoCube0FIAR_C02: FIARTransactionData

Business Example

Employees in Financial Accounting want to use the SAP BW InfoCube

0FIAR_C02: FIARTransactionData. Theyareprimarilyinterestedinfindingout

about its architecture.

Figure 97: InfoCube: Example

ThecentraldatacontainersonwhichSAPBWreportsandanalysesarebasedare

calledInfoCubes. Theycontaintwotypesofdata: keyfiguresandcharacteristics.

EachindividualInfoCubecontainsaself-containeddataset,sincequeriesalways

refer to an InfoCube.

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

An InfoCubeconsistsof multipleInfoObjects and isset upaccordingto a star

schema. It includesafact tablecontainingthekeyfiguresof theInfoCubeand

multipledimensiontablesinwhichthecharacteristicsoftheInfoCubearestored.

AnInfoCubeisassignedtoanInfoAreaandissuppliedwithdatafromoneormore

InfoSources. AreportintheBusinessExploreralwaysreferstoonlyoneInfoCube.

Fact tables and dimension tables are linked by identifying abstract numbers

(IDs)containedinthekeypartoftherespectivedatabasetable. Facttablesand

dimensiontablesarebothrelationaldatabasetables.

The characteristics of a dimension, with their attributes and text descriptions,

refer to the master data.

• Figure 101 shows the structure of the InfoCube 0FIAR_C02: FIAR

Transaction Data

Figure 98: From InfoCube to Worksheet View

YoucananalyzethedatasetoftheBusinessInformationWarehousebydefining

queries using the data contained in an InfoCube. An InfoCube could be

describedasamultidimensionalcubefromwhichsectionsareremovedwhenever

characteristicsandkeyfiguresarechoseninaquerydefinition.

Themultidimensionalityofquerydataallowsyoutogeneratedifferentviewsof

anInfoCube'sdataset. TheOLAPProcessorcompilesqueriesfromtheInfoCube

dataandprovidesmethodstoallowmultidimensionalnavigationinthedataset.

The Business Explorer requests the data from the InfoCube and provides an

updated view of the dataset. Only the data actually required in the query is

transferred. If a new view of data is required during navigation, the OLAP

Processor provides it from theInfoCube. Thedata on the application server is

alwaysthedatafromthecurrent andlastdrilldown

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AC280 Lesson: InfoCube for Financials

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• ExplainthebasicsoftheInfoCube0FIAR_C02: FIARTransactionData

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Lesson: Queries

Lesson Overview

Employees in Financial Accounting want to create and change queries. They

wanttousenavigationoptionswhentheyaredisplayingqueriesandsavequery

outputs ina workbook. They alsowant to defineand usecharacteristic values

and text variables.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Create and change queries

• Explainandusethenavigationoptionsprovidedforquerydisplay

• Save query output in a workbook

• Defineandusecharacteristicvalueandtextvariables

Business Example

Employees in Financial Accounting want to create and change queries. They

wanttousenavigationoptionswhentheyaredisplayingqueriesandsavequery

outputs in a workbook.

Theyalsowanttodefineandusecharacteristicvaluesandtextvariables.

Figure 99: Creating a Query

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AC280 Lesson: Queries

Procedure when creating a new query:

• Fromthestandardtoolbar, chooseOpen→Queries.

• Thesystemdisplaystheselectionscreencontainingallthequeriesthatyou

havedefined(history). YoucanrequestalistoftheInfoAreasforwhichyou

candefineanewquery. ChoosetheInfoCubecontainingthedataonwhich

thequeryistobebasedbyselectingitwiththemouse. Youcanshowthe

technicalnamesoftheInfoCubesbychoosing“TechnicalName”.

To create a query, choose “New”.

Figure 100: Choosing Characteristics and Key Figures

Inadirectorytreeontheleftsideofthescreen,thesystemdisplaystheavailable

objects from the InfoCube you choose. These include the key figures and

characteristics of the dimensions.

Therightsideofthescreencontainsemptydirectoriesforfilterselection,thelines,

thecolumns, andthefreecharacteristicsofthequery. Thebottomright section

containsapreviewoftheresultsareaforthequery. Thisareaisalsoemptyatfirst.

Youcanexpandandcollapsethedirectoriesbyclickingtheplusorminussymbol.

For example, you can display a list of all the key figures in the InfoCube by

expandingthekeyfigurenodeintheInfoCubetree.

YoucanaddtheInfoCube'scharacteristicsandkeyfigurestothedirectoriesfor

thequerydefinition(filter,rows,columns,freecharacteristics)usingDrag&Drop.

Onceyouhavefinisheddefiningyourquery,youcansaveitbychoosing“Save

Query”. Youexecutethequerybychoosing“ExecuteQuery”.

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Figure 101: Filtering Data when Defining a Query

When you are defining a query, you can drag characteristics to the columns

or rows.

Once you have executed a query, the system does not initially display free

characteristicsintheworkbook,butyoucanintegratetheseusingnavigationsteps.

Characteristicsinthefilterarenotshowninthedrilldown,noraretheyshownas

freecharacteristicsintheanalysis. Theyareonlyusedtofilterdatafromthecube.

Youcanrestrict(filter)thecharacteristicattributesforacharacteristicintherows

andinthecolumns,aswellasinthefreecharacteristicsandinthefilter.

Figure 102: SelectionMenuforRestricting Characteristics

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AC280 Lesson: Queries

Therearetwo ways of restricting characteristics:

• Togototheselectionmenu,chooseacharacteristicfromtheInfoCube(in

thetreestructureontheleftsideofthescreen)anddouble-clicktheiconfor

thevalues. Onthisscreen,youcanchooseindividualvaluesorvaluesfroma

valueareaandyoucanrestrictthesevaluesusinghierarchiesandnodes.

• Youcanalsogototheselectionmenubyright-clickingacharacteristicinthe

query definition and choosingRestrict.

Withintheselectionmenu,youcanchoosevaluesfromthelistby:

• Draggingtheselectedvaluesfromtheboxonthelefttotheboxontheright

(Drag&Drop)

• Transferringtheselectedcharacteristicsusingthearrowicons

You can make multiple selections. Once you have finished selecting

characteristics, choose OK.

Figure 103: Filtering Data in the Worksheet

Onceyouhaveexecutedaquery,youcanalsofilterdataintheworksheetusing

thecharacteristicattributesinthefiltercellsandresultsarea.

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

To filter data using characteristic attributes in the filter cells, right-click the

required characteristic.

• To open the selection menu that you can use to filter the required

characteristic, choose“Findfiltervalue”. Thismenuoffersaselectionof

individualvaluesorvaluesfromavalueareaandyoucanrestrictthesevalues

using hierarchiesandnodes. You restrict your query result tothe chosen

valuesbychoosingOK. To remove the filter valuefor thecorresponding

characteristic, choose Removefiltervalue.

• Youcanalsodisplayonlyonecolumninyourqueryresult. Youdothisby

double-clickingthetopofthecolumn. Thesystemthenhidesalltheother

columns. ThecolumnheadingisshowninthefilterareaintheKeyfigure

row. YoucanreversethisrestrictionbychoosingRemovefiltervalue.

Figure 104: Navigating in the Analysis (2)

AqueryshowsdifferentviewsofthedataintheInfoCubeonwhichthequeryis

based. Fromtheworksheet,youcanusenavigationfunctionstogeneratevarious

viewsofthequerydata(navigationalstates),whicharethenshownintheresults

area of the query. The switching of views is known as navigation, and in the

BusinessExplorerthepurposeofnavigationistoanalyzeInfoCubedata. When

youdefineaquery,youspecifywhatthefirstviewofthedatawillbeafterithas

been added to the workbook.

Youcandrilldownthequeryresultverticallyorhorizontallyforacharacteristic

in thefilter cells. You do this by choosing Drill down verticallyor Drill down

horizontally. You can reversechanges you make tothedrilldownby choosing

Remove drilldown.

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AC280 Lesson: Queries

YoucanremovethecurrentdrilldownforacharacteristicbychoosingRemove

drilldown or bydouble-clicking the characteristic.

You can integrate characteristics in the drilldown by choosing Drill down

verticallyor Drill down horizontally. These characteristics are alwaysthe last

characteristics to be added to the drilldown.

IfyouchoosetheHorizontal drilldownnavigationfunction, thesystemalways

displaysallthecharacteristicattributesforeachkeyfigure. Todisplayallthekey

figuresforacharacteristicvalue,chooseChangequery.

Figure 105: Navigating in the Analysis (2)

Toexchangetwo characteristics, chooseSwap... with..... Thisfunction allows

youto exchangecharacteristicson therowandcolumnaxesof theresultsarea

ortoexchangeacharacteristicfromthedrilldownwithafreecharacteristic, for

example.

To retain a selected characteristic value as afilter value, chooseKeep asfilter

value. Thesystemthendeletesthecharacteristicfromthedrilldownandsetsthe

filter on the relevant characteristic attribute.

Todefineacharacteristiconavalue(thatis, filter)anddrilldownaccordingto

anothercharacteristiconthesameaxis(roworcolumnaxis)inonestep,choose

Filter and Drilldown According to.

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Figure 106: Changing a Query

Ifyouwanttochangeaquery, chooseChangeQuery.

There are two ways of changing a query:

• IfyouchoosetheChangeQuery(LocalView)mode,youcanonlymoveor

restrict the objects that are already contained in the query definition. In

addition,whenyouexecutethequeryagain,onlytheworksheetisupdated;

thechangesarenotsavedinthequerydefinition.

• On the other hand, if you choose theChange Query (Global Definition)

mode, the system displays the definition screen and you can use all the

functionsthatwereavailablewhenyoufirst definedthequery. However,

beforeyouexecutethechangedquery,thesystempromptsyoutosavethe

changesinthequerydefinition. Thischangestheoriginaldefinitionofthe

query.

Thereare two waysof savingthechangedquery:

• You can save the changed query under the old name. To do this, choose

Save Query on the toolbar.

• Youcansavethechangedqueryunderanewname. Todothis,chooseSave

QueryAs... onthetoolbar. Enteranewtechnicalnameandanewdescription.

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AC280 Lesson: Queries

Figure 107: Attributes in the Analysis

Ifattributesexistforacharacteristic,youcandisplaytheseontheworksheet. To

dothis,right-clickthecharacteristicconcernedinthequerydefinitionandchoose

Properties. Youcanthencopytherequiredattributesanddefinehowyouwantto

displayeachattribute(asakeyordescription,orasakeyanddescription).

Inthequerydefinition,youcandefineakeydatebywhichtheattributesaretobe

determinedbychoosingQueryproperties→Keydate. Youcanchoosethekey

datefromacalendarordefineitusingavariablethathasalreadybeencreated.

However,youcannotusedisplayattributesfornavigationpurposes.

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Figure 108: Adding Text Elements

Youcandisplayvarioustextelementsofaquery(forexample,author,lastchanged

by,InfoCube,timeofgeneration,andsoforth)inauser-definedcellarea. These

textelementsarealsoknownasthequery'sheaderinformation.

Tointegrateaquery'stextelementsintheworksheet,chooseLayout→Display

textelements→All. Thesystemdisplaysallexistingtextelementsbetweenthe

filtercellsandtheresultsarea. Youcannowdelete,copy,andmovespecifictext

elements using Microsoft Excel functions.

Youcanalsodisplay,astextelements, thecharacteristicsorvariablesthatwere

previously restricted in the query definition.

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AC280 Lesson: Queries

Figure 109: Creating Queries with Variables

Youcanusevariablestomakeyourqueriesmoreflexible.

Todothis,thevariablesforcharacteristicvalues,texts,formulas,hierarchynodes,

andhierarchiesmusthavebeencreatedinSAPBWVariableMaintenance.

Thesystemdoesnoteditthevariablesorfillthemwithvaluesuntilthequeryis

addedtoaworkbook. Dependingonthevariabletypeandprocessingtypechosen,

the variables can be entered or modified manually, or they can be processed

automatically, before the query is executed.

Figure 110: Variables for Characteristic Values

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

Variables for characteristic values are parameters that are used in the query

definition. Theyarenoteditedorfilledwithvaluesuntilthequeryisaddedtothe

workbook. Variablesareplaceholdersforcharacteristicvalues,andcanbeedited

inthefollowingways: Manualentry/defaultvalue,Customerexit, andSAP

exit.

Tousevariablesinthequerydefinition,choosethecharacteristicoftheInfoCube

thatyouwanttofixtoavariable. Expandthecharacteristicsdirectoryanddrag

thevariableforcharacteristicvaluestothedirectoryinthequerydefinitionusing

drag and drop.

Figure 111: Variables for Texts

Usetextvariablesif youdonotwanttodefineroworcolumntextsbutwantto

enterthemordeterminethemfromthemasterdatawhenthequeryisexecuted.

Youcanuseallexistingprocessingtypesfortextvariables.

Textvariablesarenormallyusedincombinationwithvariablesforcharacteristic

values. Ifyouareusingacharacteristicvaluevariableinaroworcolumnofthe

querydefinition,itisadvisabletouseatextvariable. Thetextvariablehastorefer

tothecharacteristicforwhichyouareusingthecharacteristicvaluevariable,and

it hasto be edited using the replacement path.

Tousetextvariablesinthequerydefinition,enterthetextvariabledirectlyinthe

textfields(forexample,foracalculatedkeyfigureorstructure). Thetextvariable

hastostartandendwithanampersand(&)anditmustnotcontainblankspaces

(for example, &ZPERGJT&).

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AC280 Lesson: Queries

Figure 112: Variables for Formulas

Younormallyuse variables for formulas if you donot want to definepart of a

formula(anumber)butwanttoenteritwhenthequeryisexecuted. Forexample,

youcoulduseaformulavariableforVATratesothatthecurrenttaxrateisentered

whenever you add thequery to the workbook.

Youcanuseall editingtypesfor formulavariables.

To useformula variablesin thequerydefinition,

selecttheKeyfiguresdirectoryfromtheInfoCubetreeand,inthecontextmenu,

right-click Newly calculated key figure. The Calculated Key Figure screen

appears.

Intheoperandsdirectory,chooseoneoftheformulavariablesandaddthistothe

entryfieldfortheformulabydouble-clickingorusingDrag&Drop. ChooseOK.

Whenyoustarttheevaluation,youcannowenterthenumberyouwishinadialog

box, or accept the default value.

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Unit5: InsightintoBWforFinancialAccountingQueries AC280

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