AC280_EN_Col92_FV_Part_A4 (第3页) | ERP软件技术分享

第 94 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Figure 38: Creating Evaluations

Tocreateanevaluation,thesystemanalyzesthemasterdataandthelineitemsof

thecustomerandvendoraccounts. Thisprocesscanbeverytime-consumingfor

largevolumesofdata. Youthereforeperformevaluationsasabackgroundjob.

You can use the Job Wizard to do this.

You can run background processing at specific times. For example, you can

performaspecificevaluationrundaily,weekly,ormonthly.

Notethat evaluationscanonlybeasuptodateasthelast dataretrieval. If you

havecarriedoutactivitiessincethelastdataretrieval,thenthecurrentcustomeror

vendorinformationmaynotcorrespondwiththeevaluation.

Youcanchangethedatavolumeusingtherelevantreportvariants.

Figure 39: Displaying Evaluation Results

第 95 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Accesstheaccountsreceivable(oraccountspayable)informationsystemthrough

thecentralaccountsreceivable(oraccountspayable)tree.

If you have not done so already, define the data volume for your accounts

receivable/accountspayable informationsystem.

Thenselectwhichevaluationsyouwanttohavecreated.

In the next step, you define a job with which the system will create your

evaluation.

Youcanthendisplaytheevaluation. Navigatethroughthetreestructureofthe

AP/ARinformationsystemuntilyoufindtherequiredevaluations.

Figure 40: Standard Evaluations

Standard evaluations are delivered with the accounts receivable/accounts

payableinformationsystem. YoucancopythemintoaclientsystemintheIMG.

The evaluationsprovided arecombinations of:

• Evaluationviews(forexample,standardevaluationsforcustomers)

• Evaluationtypes(forexample, duedateanalysis)

• Evaluationversions(anevaluationbycriterion;forexample,bycompany

code)

• Creation parameters (a create evaluation for criterion; for example, for

a business area)

Anevaluationreflectsanevaluationtypeforarepresentativeoftheforcriterion,

wherebythedataisfurtherclassifiedwithregardtothebycriterion.

第 96 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Figure 41: Due Date Analysis

Theduedateanalysisevaluationtypeisavailableforcustomersandvendors.

Theopenitemsatakeydatearetakenintoaccountintheduedateanalysis. The

itemamountsaresummarizedaccordingtothedueandnotduecriteria. Forthese

values,youcandisplayasortedlistaccordingtotheduesinceanddueincriteria.

Thefollowingappliestoallevaluations: Ifyoubreakdownthedatabylineitem

(callupthelineitemlist),youareaccessingcurrentdatabaseinformationthatmay

bedifferentfromthetotalshowninthepreviousrunofthedataretrievalprogram.

Figure 42: Payment History

Thisevaluationis onlyavailableforcustomers.

第 97 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Whenconsideringthepaymenthistory,thesystemtakesintoaccounttheshort-

andmedium-termpaymenthistoryandthecurrentsituationbasedontheopen

itemsdue. Foreachoftheseperiods,thesystemcalculatesthenumberofdaysin

arrears,theamounts,andtheinterestcalculationnumerators.

Figure 43: Payment History: Days in Arrears byCountry

Thisisbasedontheupdatedpaymenthistory. Thisincludestheclearingvolume

andtheaveragenumberofdaysinarrears,splitbypaymentswithandwithout

cash discount.

Todeterminethemedium-termdaysinarrears,theprogramusesthevaluesof

thelastthreepostingperiods(fortheshort-termdaysinarrears,thevaluesof

thelastpostingperiod)inwhichpaymenttransactionstookplace.

Calculationisbasedonthetotalinterestcalculationnumeratorsandthetotal

payment amount. The advantage of this is that when you summarize the

averagedaysinarrears,thesystemalsoincludesinformationaboutthepayment

volumes concerned.

第 98 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Figure 44: A Customer's Payment History

Todeterminethemedium-terminterestamount,theprogramusesthevaluesofthe

lastthreepostingperiods(fortheshort-terminterestamount,thevaluesofthelast

postingperiod)inwhichpaymenttransactionstookplace. Theinterestcalculation

numeratorsarefirstlydeterminedforeachperiod. Theaveragevalueisdisplayed.

The interest calculation numerator is a quantity in which two items of

information are put together: the duration of the arrears and the amount

concerned. The days in arrears are weighted with the relevant payment

volumes (or vice versa). The interest calculation numerator provides better

information about the extent of payment arrears than the amount or the

duration of arrears by themselves.

第 99 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Figure 45: Currency Analysis

Thecurrencyanalysisevaluationisavailableforcustomersandvendors.

Figure 46: Currency Analysis by Business Area

第 100 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

The currency analysisby businessarea shows:

• Thetotalnumberofdocumentspostedinforeigncurrencyatthehistorical

exchangerate,thatis,theexchangeratesavedinthedocument. Itcontains

the items open at the key date displayed. The display is in the currency

shown in the header item.

• The total foreign currency at the current exchange rate; total for the

documentspostedinforeigncurrencyatthecurrentexchangerate(thatis,

the exchange rate valid on the key date.)

• The exchange rate difference: the difference between the historic and

current totals.

Figure 47: Overdue Items

Theoverdueitemsevaluationisavailableforcustomersandvendors.

Figure 48: DSO Analysis

第 101 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

TheDSO(DaysSalesOutstanding)evaluationisonlyavailableforcustomers.

Figure 49: DSO Analysis: Balance

The Use Periods parameter in the variant maintenance function for report

RFDRRE05determineshowmanyperiodsareusedtocalculatetheDSO.Ifyou

enter3,thismeansthatthelastthreeclosedperiodsareused.

Youcandefinethecalculationtypeintheselectionvariantofthisreport:

• Calculation type1forDSOdays: The balancedisplayed istheaverage

periodclosingbalanceofthelastnclosedperiods. Thelastnclosedperiods

refertothekeydatedisplayedintheheaderitem(seeexampleinfigure54).

• Calculationtype2forDSOdays: Ifthekeydateiswithinaperiodthathas

notbeenclosed,thebalancedisplayedisthecurrentbalance. However, if

thekeydateiswithinaclosedperiod,thebalancedisplayedistheclosing

balance of this period.

第 102 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Figure 50: DSO Analysis: Sales

Figure 51: DSO Analysis: Days

ThekeyfigureDSOshowsacustomer'sbalanceinrelationtohisorhersales. It

specifieshowmanydays'salesacustomerowesacompany.

TherearetwoproceduresforcalculatingtheDSOdays. Ontheselectionscreen,

youcandefinetheprocedurerequiredusingtheDSOcalculationtypeparameter.

Examples for both calculation types:

n = 3 Balance Sales

第 103 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Key date 02/15/2002 18,000 8,000

Period 01/2002 10,000 8,000

Period 12/2001 5,000 2,000

Period 11/2001 5,000 2,000

Calculation type 1:

-------------------------

Averagebalance=(10,000+5,000+3,000)/3=6,000

Averagesales=(8,000+5,000+2,000) /3 =5,000

6.000 DSO = ---------- * 30 = 36

5.000

Result: Thecustomerowestheequivalentof36days'sales

Calculation type 2:

-------------------------

Current balance = 18,000

Averagesales=(8,000+5,000+2,000) /3 =5,000

18.000

DSO = ----------- * 30 = 108

5.000

Result: Thecustomerowestheequivalentof108days'sales

第 104 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Figure 52: Terms Agreed/Terms Taken

Inthetermsagreed/termstakenevaluation,thedifferencebetweenthetermstaken

andthetermsagreedwiththecustomeriscalculated.

Thisevaluationis onlyavailableforcustomers.

Figure 53: Days Agreed

Todeterminetheagreedtermsofpayment(indays),theinvoicesissuedinthe

keydate-ndaysperiodareused. Youcandefinethenumberofdaysandthekey

date when you create the evaluation.

第 105 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Calculationisbasedonthetotalinterestcalculationnumeratorsandthetotal

invoicedamount. Theadvantageofthisisthatwhenyousummarizetheagreed

days,thesystemalsoincludesinformationabouttheinvoicevolumesconcerned.

Theagreeddaysarecalculatedforallthreesubterms(cashdiscountdays1,cash

discount days 2, and net days), if they exist.

Figure 54: Days Taken

Todeterminetheactualtermsofpayment(indays),theinvoicespaidinthekey

date- n days period areused. Youcan define thenumber of daysandthekey

date when you create the evaluation.

The calculation alsouses thetotal interest calculationnumeratorsandthetotal

invoicedamounts. Theadvantageofthisisthatwhenyousummarizetheactual

days,thesystemalsoincludesinformationabouttheinvoicevolumes.

First, the report determineswhich subterm of payment wasused to payeach

invoice(cash discount 1, cashdiscount 2, or net).

The following applies:

• No cash discount used, invoice paid net

• Upto90percentofthecashdiscountpermittedforcashdiscount1,invoice

paid with cash discount 2

• 90 percent or more of the cash discount permitted for cash discount 1,

invoice paid with cash discount 1

第 106 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Figure 55: Functions for Drilldown Lists

NavigatetoadrilldownlistonthelowestlevelofthetreestructureoftheAR/AP

informationsystem. Thefunctionslistedinfigure60areavailableinalldrilldown

lists.

You can:

• Change the currency for the display

• Display percentages

• Setupscaling(forexample, reportsinthousands)

• Choosehowthecharacteristicsaretobedisplayed(withnameorkey)

• Setupthelineitemdisplayaccordingtoyourrequirements

• Display the headings of the lists

第 107 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Figure 56: Printing and Sorting

You can:

• Print the drilldown list

• Sortthedrilldownlistbythecolumnsdisplayed

Figure 57: SAP Presentation Graphic

YoucandisplaythevaluesusinganSAPpresentationgraphic.

第 108 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Figure 58: Report Tree: User-Specific Access Path

第 109 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Exercise 6: Customer/Vendor Information

System

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Createevaluationsin theinformation system

• Describevariousdisplayoptionsforevaluations

• Navigateinthetreestructureof theaccountsreceivable/accountspayable

informationsystemand adjust itto your needs

Business Example

Managersinaccountsreceivablewantbetterreportingfunctions. Inparticular,

theywanttobeabletoanalyzecombinationsofdifferentvariables(forexample,

companycode,businessarea,andcreditcontrolarea). Theyalsowanttobeableto

drilldownfromthetotalslevelstothedetaillevelsofindividualdocuments. You

needtodemonstratethatthesefunctionsareprovidedbytheaccountsreceivable

informationsystem,whichaccessesapreselecteddataset.

Task 1:

Create an evaluation for evaluation view GR## (## = your group number),

which you just created.

1. To ensurethat the system selectsonlythedatafrom yournewevaluation

view,GR##,createacorrespondingvariant##(##=yourgroupnumber)for

thedatagenerationreportRFDRRGENwiththenameevaluationview

GR##(##=yourgroupnumber) bychoosingonlyyournewevaluation

view, GR## (## = your group number).

2. UsetheJobWizard. GiveyourjobthenameInfosystemGR##(##=your

group number). Choose ABAP program step. The name of the report is

RFDRRGEN.Usethevariantthatyoujustcreated,variant##. Youwantto

startthejobimmediately,assoonasyouhavefinisheddefiningit.

Check to see when your job iscomplete.

Continued on next page

第 110 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Task 2:

Displaytheevaluationsothatyoucananalyzetheoverdueitemsintheapplication.

Display the results of the evaluation.

Afteryouhavecreatedthedataforyourevaluationview,youcandisplaythedata

in accounts receivable.

1. Using the accounts receivable information system, generate an overdue

itemsbycityanalysisforcompanycode1000. Useyourevaluationview

CustomerEvaluationsGR##(##=yourgroupnumber).

2. Whichcityhasthehighestnumberofdaysinarrears?

3. Whichcityhasthehighesttotalitemsdisplayedatthekeydate?

Task 3:

Optional: Investigatetheoptionsprovidedbythefunctionsinthedrilldown

list:

1. Switchpath. FindyourevaluationinyourevaluationviewGR##.

2. Setfocusintheaccountsreceivable/accountspayableinformationsystem.

Save your settings. Exit the report tree and then call it up again. Check

whether your settings have been saved.

Usetheexpandedlevelofbothstructurestosaveyouruser-specificsettings.

Thisisusefulifyoualwayswanttoevaluatethesamedataselection.

3. Display the evaluationwiththecurrencyUSDas theanalysiscurrency,

exchangeratetype“M”,translationoncurrentdate.

4. Asadditionalheadingsforyourlist,choosethenamesoftheevaluation

view, evaluation type, and evaluation.

第 111 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Solution 6: Customer/Vendor Information

System

Task 1:

Create an evaluation for evaluation view GR## (## = your group number),

which you just created.

1. To ensurethat the system selectsonlythedatafrom yournewevaluation

view,GR##,createacorrespondingvariant##(##=yourgroupnumber)for

thedatagenerationreportRFDRRGENwiththenameevaluationview

GR##(##=yourgroupnumber) bychoosingonlyyournewevaluation

view, GR## (## = your group number).

a) Own variant for program RFDRRGEN:

Choose System →Services → Reporting

Report: RFDRRGEN

→ Goto → Variants

Variant: ## (## = your group number)

Variants→ Create(or choose “Create”)

Evaluationview: GR##(##=yourgroupnumber)

(EnteryourevaluationviewGR##fromthepreviousexercise)

Edit → Attributes

Meaning: Evaluation view GR##

Save

(Amessageappears,statingthatyourvarianthasbeensaved). Again:

Save(storesthe valuesof your variant).

2. UsetheJobWizard. GiveyourjobthenameInfosystemGR##(##=your

group number). Choose ABAP program step. The name of the report is

RFDRRGEN.Usethevariantthatyoujustcreated,variant##. Youwantto

startthejobimmediately,assoonasyouhavefinisheddefiningit.

Continued on next page

第 112 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Check to see when your job is complete.

a) Create preselected dataset

InformationSystem→Tools→CreateEvaluations→Goto→Wizard

version (or choose “Job Wizard”).

Continue

Jobname: InformationsystemGR##(##=yourgroupnumber)

Continue

Choose “ABAP program step”

Continue

ABAP program name: RFDRRGEN

Variant: ##

Continue

Choose Start Immediately.

Continue

Finish

Display job:

Goto → Own jobs(or chooseOwn jobs)

Goto → Update display (or choose “Update” until you reach the

“Complete” status)

Select your second job.

Choose Job log.

Youwillseethatyournewevaluationview“GR##”hasbeencreated.

Continued on next page

100

第 113 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Task 2:

Displaytheevaluationsothatyoucananalyzetheoverdueitemsintheapplication.

Display the results of the evaluation.

Afteryouhavecreatedthedataforyourevaluationview,youcandisplaythedata

in accounts receivable.

1. Using the accounts receivable information system, generate an overdue

itemsbycityanalysisforcompanycode1000. Useyourevaluationview

CustomerEvaluationsGR##(##=yourgroupnumber).

a) ChooseInformationSystem→Tools→DisplayEvaluations

You see that your evaluation view GR## (customer evaluations

GR##)hasbeencreatedasanadditionalnodeinthereporttree.

Navigatewithintheevaluationviewthatyoucreated.

ChooseCustomerevaluationsGR##→Overdueitems→Evaluation

bycity→Forcompanycode: 1000IDESAG.

2. Whichcityhasthehighestnumberofdaysinarrears?

Answer:

3. Whichcityhasthehighesttotalitemsdisplayedatthekeydate?

Answer:

Task 3:

Optional: Investigatetheoptionsprovidedbythefunctionsinthedrilldown

list:

1. Switchpath. FindyourevaluationinyourevaluationviewGR##.

a) Switch path.

ChooseCustomerevaluationsGR##→Forcompanycode→1000

IDESAG→Overdueitemsanalysis→Bycity:

2. Setfocusintheaccountsreceivable/accountspayableinformationsystem.

Save your settings. Exit the report tree and then call it up again. Check

whether your settings have been saved.

Usetheexpandedlevelofbothstructurestosaveyouruser-specificsettings.

Continued on next page

101

第 114 页 / 共 319 页

Unit3: AR/APInformationSystem AC280

Thisisusefulifyoualwayswanttoevaluatethesamedataselection.

a) If you haveexpanded thecustomer tree:

Set focus

Save

Exit thereport treeand thencallit up again.

3. Display the evaluationwiththecurrencyUSDas theanalysiscurrency,

exchangeratetype“M”,translationoncurrentdate.

a) Setting → Change

Valuedisplay: SelectCurrencyanalysisandchooseChange

Currency: USD

Exchange rate type: M

Key date for conversion: current date

4. Asadditionalheadingsforyourlist,choosethenamesoftheevaluation

view, evaluation type, and evaluation.

a) Setting → Change

Additional headings: select all

102

第 115 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Creating and Displaying Evaluations

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Createevaluationsin theinformation system

• Use various options to display evaluations and navigate within the tree

structureoftheaccountsreceivable/accountspayableinformationsystem

103

第 116 页 / 共 319 页

UnitSummary AC280

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explainhowtheaccountsreceivable/accountspayableinformationsystem

works

• Namethevariousoptionsforcustomizingtheaccountsreceivable/accounts

payable information system and explain the effect of these options on

evaluations

• Createevaluationsin the information system

• Use various options to display evaluations and navigate within the tree

structureoftheaccountsreceivable/accountspayableinformationsystem

104

第 117 页 / 共 319 页

第 118 页 / 共 319 页

第 119 页 / 共 319 页

Unit 4

Drilldown Reporting in Financial

Accounting

Unit Overview

Employees in General Ledger Accounting are looking for ways to display

appropriateevaluationsandkeyfigureswiththeirownformsandreportswhen

theydrilldowndatawithindatathatistobeevaluated.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Describeyourknowledgeofthearchitectureofdrilldownreporting

• Explainthetermscharacteristics andkeyfiguresandthedifferenttypes

of each.

• Explainthedifferencebetweensingle-axisanddual-axisformsandusethese

forms appropriately

• Usevariousnavigationoptionsindrilldownreports

• Define forms

• Define and execute reports

• Defineformsandreportsmoreflexiblyusingcharacteristicandtextvariables

• Use different types of report outputs

• Create graphics

• Export data to Microsoft Excel

• Havethesystem perform currencytranslation

• Set up a report/report interface

• Use report assignments

Unit Contents

Lesson: Architecture of Drilldown Reporting................................107

Lesson: Characteristics and Key Figures....................................112

Lesson: Form Types............................................................116

Lesson: Navigation in Reports................................................122

Exercise 7: Drilldown Reporting in Financial Accounting .............125

105

第 120 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Lesson: Form and Report Definition .........................................131

Exercise 8: Drilldown Reporting in Financial Accounting .............145

Lesson: Displaying Reports ...................................................192

Exercise 9: Drilldown Reporting in Financial Accounting .............197

Lesson: Report/Report Interface and Report Assignment.................207

Exercise 10: Drilldown Reporting in Financial Accounting............209

106

第 121 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Architecture of Drilldown Reporting

Lesson: Architecture of Drilldown Reporting

Lesson Overview

Inthislesson,wewilldiscussthearchitectureofdrilldownreporting.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, youwillbeable to:

• Describeyourknowledgeofthearchitectureofdrilldownreporting

Business Example

Employees in Financial Accounting want to use the evaluation options in

drilldownreporting. Theyareprimarilyinterestedinfindingoutthebasicsofthe

drilldownreportingarchitecture. Theyalsowantabriefinsightintothepossible

reporttypesusingexistingformtypesinFinancialAccounting.

Figure 59: Drilldown Reporting

Drilldownreportingisadialog-orientedinformationsystemforevaluatingdata

from the FI, GL, AR, and AP databases.

Drilldownreportingcontainshelpfulfunctionsfornavigatinginthedataset. Italso

containsseveraladditionalfunctionsforprocessingareportinteractively.

SAPGraphics,SAPmail,andvariousprintingfunctionsareconnectedtodrilldown

reportingtogetherwithMicrosoftWordforWindowsandMicrosoftExcel.

107

第 122 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Figure 60: Using the Report Painter

YoucanusethegraphicinterfaceoftheReportPainterforvariousactivities(for

example,todefineReportWriterreports,drilldownforms,andplanninglayouts).

Inthisunit,youwilllearnhowtousetheReportPaintertocreatedrilldownreport

forms, whicharerequiredfordrilldownreportsinFI.

Figure 61: Form Types: Drilldown Reporting in FI

ThefollowingreporttypescanbeusedforG/Laccountevaluations:

108

第 123 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Architecture of Drilldown Reporting

1. Reports for financial statement analysis: These reports are based on the

financialstatementversionsdefinedinFinancialAccounting. Youcancarryout

anynumberofvarianceanalysesbasedonactualandplandata(annual,half-year,

quarterly, and monthly).

2. Keyfigurereports: Forkeyfigurereports,thesystemtakesintoaccountonly

thefinancialstatementitemsinthefinancialstatementversionthatyouneedfor

thecalculationofspecifickeyfigures. Thisisnotthecaseforfinancialstatement

analysisreports. Financial statement versionkeyfigurescouldbeforexample,

equityratio(stockholders'equity: totalequity),debt-equityratio(externalcapital:

stockholders'equity),andcapitalizationratio(fixedassets: totalassets). Youcan

createkeyfiguresfromreportrowsand/orcolumnsusinganintegratedformula

interpreter.

3. Balance display:

Youcanusethefollowingreporttypesforcustomerorvendordrilldownreports:

a) Balance display

b) Line item analysis

Figure 62: Architecture of Drilldown Reporting

Asshownabove,areportdefinitioncancontaincharacteristics,keyfigures,and

forms. Areportisanumberofinteractive,controllablereportlistsandgraphics

that are displayed on the screen.

Drilldownreportingprovidesusefulfunctionsfor navigatingwithinthedataset

(for example, next level, next object within a level, hiding a level, detail

list/drilldownlist). Italsocontainsseveraladditionalfunctionsthatcanbeused

109

第 124 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

toprocessareportinteractively(sorting,specificationofconditions,rankedlist,

andsoon). Youcansendreportlists(forexample,asafax),displaythemonthe

Internet,ortransferthemasfilestoMicrosoftWordandMicrosoftExcel.

In addition to the dialog functions for displaying reports, drilldown reporting

alsocontainsfunctionsforprintingreports. Therearevariousprintpreparation

functions for you to structure your report as you require (such as pagebreak,

headers and footers, and underlining).

Aformdescribesthebasiccontentandformalstructureof reportlists. Aform

canbeseenasasemi-finished productforareport; itislater completedwith

characteristicsandkeyfigureswhenyoudefinethereport. Characteristicsappear

intheformaswellasinthereport. Youcanchoosekeyfigureseitherintheform

or the report.

110

第 125 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Architecture of Drilldown Reporting

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describeyourknowledgeofthearchitectureofdrilldownreporting

111

第 126 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Lesson: Characteristics and Key Figures

Lesson Overview

Inthislesson,youwilllearnthemeaningofcharacteristicsandkeyfiguresinlists.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Explainthetermscharacteristics andkeyfiguresandthedifferenttypes

of each.

Business Example

EmployeesinFinancialAccountingwanttousecharacteristicsandkeyfiguresin

drilldownreporting. Theyaremainlyinterestedinthedifferenttypes.

Figure 63: Characteristics and Characteristic Values

Characteristicsspecify theclassification optionsfor thedataset. Examplesof

characteristicsarecompanycode,businessarea,andplan/actualindicator. The

timereference(fiscalyear,period)isalsoacharacteristic.

Characteristicvaluesareconcreteformsofacharacteristic. Possiblevaluesfor

thecharacteristiccompanycodecouldbe0001,0002,1000,orallthecompany

codes defined in the system.

Acombinationofcharacteristicsandcharacteristicvaluesisgenerallycalledan

object in drilldown reporting.

112

第 127 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Characteristics and Key Figures

Figure 64: Key Figures

In the applications, there are various key figures that can be relevant to

evaluations. Keyfiguresarenotjustvaluesandquantities,butalsocalculations

involvingthesevaluesandquantitieswithuser-definedformulas.

The following are examples of key figures:

• Value: Balancesheetvalue,debittotal,sales/purchases

• Quantity: Numberof employees, salesquantity

• Calculation: Salesperemployee,plan/actualvariance

113

第 128 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Figure 65: Drilldown List/Detail List

There are two types of list for displaying information: The detail list and the

drilldown list.

In a drilldown list, several objects (for example, assets under construction,

vehicles,chemicals)areformattedusingaselectionofkeyfigures. Usually,the

keyfiguresareinthecolumnsofthelist(forexample,balancesheetvalue,total

debitpostings,totalcreditpostings). Therowscontainthecharacteristicvaluesof

all the characteristics that are drilled down.

Inadetaillist,anindividualobject(forexample,businessarea)isformattedfor

allkeyfiguresaccordingtotheform. Usually,thekeyfiguresareintherowsof

thedetaillist(forexample,balancesheetvalue, totaldebitpostings,totalcredit

postings).

114

第 129 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Characteristics and Key Figures

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explainthetermscharacteristics andkeyfiguresandthedifferenttypes

of each.

115

第 130 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Lesson: Form Types

Lesson Overview

Inthislesson,youwilllearnaboutusingsingle-axisanddual-axisforms(matrix)

for drilldown reporting in FI.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Explainthedifferencebetweensingle-axisanddual-axisformsandusethese

forms appropriately

Business Example

EmployeesinFinancialAccountingwanttouseasingle-axisordual-axisform

with key figures.

Figure 66: Different Types of Forms

The following form types exist:

Single-axis form without key figure

• Ifyouareusingasingle-axisformwithoutkeyfigures, youdefineeither

theformrowsorcolumnswithcharacteristics. Whenyouaccesstheinitial

screen,thesystemdisplaysanemptylistwithcolumns.

116

第 131 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Form Types

Single-axis form with key figure

• Ifyou areusingasingle-axisformwithkeyfigures, youdefineeitherthe

formrowsorcolumnswithkeyfiguresandcharacteristics. Whenyouaccess

theinitialscreen,thesystemdisplaysanemptylistwithrows.

Dual-axis form with key figure

• Ifyouareusingadual-axisformwithkeyfigures,youdefinetheformrows

andthecolumnswithkeyfiguresandcharacteristics. Whenyouaccessthe

initialscreen,thesystemdisplaysanemptylistcontainingrowsandcolumns.

Youarefreetodefinewhethertherowscontainkeyfiguresandthecolumns

containcharacteristics,orviceversa. Itdependsonwhatyouwanttoreport.

Whenyoucreateaform,youdefinethenameandthetypeofformthatyou

want to process.

Figure 67: One Axis with Key Figure

In a single-axis form with no key figures, you make selections only in the

characteristicscolumns. Thecharacteristicsthatyouselectintheformdefinethe

columncontent. Youcanalsoperformcalculationswithformulas(forexample,

thevariancecouldbethedifferencebetweenplanandactual).

You select the key figures and the drilldown characteristics (that is, the

characteristics whose values you want to use to navigate in the report) when

you define the report (for example, the characteristics business area, financial

statement item, or account number).

117

第 132 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

The drilldown list contains a two-line column heading. The key figures (for

example, balance sheet value, total debit postings, total credit postings) arein

thefirstrowandthecharacteristicsthat you selectedintheform(for example,

fiscal year, prior year, variance) arelisted below. The valuesfor the drilldown

characteristicsareintherows(forexample,assetsunderconstruction,vehicles,

and chemicals for the business area).

In the detail list, the characteristics chosen in the form are contained in the

columns,andthekeyfiguresarecontainedintherows. Thedetaillistdisplaysthe

resultsofaselectedcharacteristicvalue(forexample,assetsunderconstruction

for business area).

Figure 68: One Axis with Key Figure

In a single-axis form with key figures, the key figures are integrated with

characteristics in the rows of the form (for example, fiscal year balance sheet

value, prior year balancesheet valuewithvariance).

Inthereportdefinition,onlythedrilldowncharacteristicsarechosen(forexample,

businessarea,financialstatementitemaccountnumber,andsoon).

In the drilldown list, the key figuresintegrated with the characteristics are the

columnsoftheform,andthevaluesofthedrilldowncharacteristicsformtherows

(forexample,assetsunderconstruction,vehicles,chemicals,andsoon).

118

第 133 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Form Types

Thedetaillisthasonecolumnandcontainstheselectedcharacteristicvaluefor

whichyouwantto report (forexample, assetsunderconstruction), andthekey

figures are in the rows.

Hint: Whenyouuseasingle-axisformwithkeyfigures,youdefineeither

therowsorthecolumnsfortheform. Fromtheinitialscreen,thesystem

displaysalistcontainingrowsbutnocontent. However,youcanusethe

columndisplayfunctiontotilttheform. Thismeansthatyouarefreeto

decidewhetheryouwanttodefinerowsorcolumnsforthisformtype.

Youdefinethedetaillistwhenyoudefineaform. Thismeansthat theposition

of the elements that you define in the form corresponds to the position in the

detaillist. Therefore, forsingle-axisformswithkeyfigures,thekeyfiguresare

defined in the rows by default.

Figure 69: Two Axes (Matrix)

Inaformwithtwoaxes(matrix), boththerowsandcolumnsaredefinedusing

keyfiguresorcharacteristics. Thekeyfigureshavetobeineithertherowsor

the columns of the form, but you can enter thecharacteristicsin the rowsand

the columns.

Whenyoudefinethereport, youthenchooseonlythedrilldowncharacteristics

(forexample,businessarea,companycode,accountnumber,andsoon).

119

第 134 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Infigure74,thecolumnsofthedrilldownlistarecreatedwithtwolevels;thatis,

thehigher level containsthekeyfigures(debittotal, credittotal) andthelower

levelcontainsthecharacteristicschosenintheform(fiscalyearactual,fiscalyear

plan with variance). The lines contain the values for the business area (assets

under construction, vehicles, chemicals, andsoon).

Inthedetaillist,thecharacteristicschosenintheformappearinthecolumns,and

thekeyfigureschosenintheformappearintherows. Thedetaillistisareport

aboutthecharacteristicvaluechosen(assetsunderconstruction).

Hint: Inalltypesofforms,youcanusevariousfunctionstochangethe

layout and settings as you require (colors, number format, separators,

text, and so on).

120

第 135 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Form Types

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Explainthedifferencebetweensingle-axisanddual-axisformsandusethese

forms appropriately

121

第 136 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Lesson: Navigation in Reports

Lesson Overview

In this lesson, you will learn to navigate in drilldown reports, using basic lists

and drilldown lists.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Usevariousnavigationoptionsindrilldownreports

Business Example

Employees in Financial Accounting want to use the wide range of navigation

options provided in FI drilldown reports.

Figure 70: Navigation in Classic Drilldown Reports

From drilldown list to detail list

Ifyouwanttoswitchfromthedrilldownlisttothedetaillist, choosetheDetail

listsymbol. Alloftherowselectionsymbolsarethenhighlightedinadifferent

color. Choose the required evaluation object. The system then displays the

required detail list.

122

第 137 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Navigation in Reports

Backtobasiclist: Ifyouwanttoreturntothebasiclist,choosetheXXsymbol(in

red). Notethatchangesthatyoumaketosettingsinthemeantime--forexample,

changes to the number format -- areretained.

Figure 71: Navigation in Classic Drilldown Reports (2)

From detail list to drilldown list

Ifthebasiclistisdefined asthedetaillistfor areport, thedetaillististhefirst

screen to be displayed when you execute your report. If you want to switch

from the detail list to the drilldown list, choose Drilldown list. The system

thenhighlightsallthefreecharacteristicsinthenavigationblock. Choosea

characteristicbyclickingit. Thesystemthendisplaysthedrilldownlist.

123

第 138 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Figure 72: Navigation in Classic Drilldown Reports (3)

YouareinthedrilldownlistinwhichtheFSitemcharacteristicisdrilleddown.

Thenavigationareaforthedrilldownlistcontainsadditionalcharacteristicsthat

youcanuse. IfyouwanttoexchangetheFSitemwithanothercharacteristic,for

example,Period,firstclickFSitemandthenPeriod. Thetwocharacteristicsthen

changeplaces: FSitemisnowavailableforselectioninthenavigationblock,and

Periodisdrilled down for allcharacteristicvalues.

Note: WithnewG\Lfunctionalityallformsandreportsarebasedinthe

newtableFAGLFLEXSwhichisthereportingtableforFAGLFLEXT

124

第 139 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Navigation in Reports

Exercise 7: Drilldown Reporting in

Financial Accounting

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• DefineandexecuteformsandreportsofdifferenttypesinGeneralLedger

Accounting.

• Explainandusenavigationoptionswhenyouaredisplayingareport

• Defineformsandreportsmoreflexiblyusingcharacteristicandtextvariables

• Try variouslayoutsettingsfor thereport output

• Explainthedifferenttypesofcellsandusecellsinformulas

• Usedifferentoutputtypesforreportsandtestthefunctionsduringoutput

Business Example

EmployeesinFinancialAccounting want tolearnabouttheevaluationoptions

providedbydrilldownreporting,andusethevariousnavigationoptions.

Task:

Navigation

1. Execute the standard report for the financial statement analysis

0SAPFS10-01(Actual/ActualComparisonforYear).

Usermenu→AC280DrilldownActivities→Executestandarddrilldown

reports→Actual/actual comparison foryear

Ontheselectionscreen,entercompanycode1000andtheCurrencytype

10. TheFISAnnualRep.StructureisINT.Ledgeris0LReportingyearis

currentyear. Reportingyearfromandtois1-16andcomparisonyearisthe

previousyearfrom1-16ChooseClassicdrilldownreportastheoutputtype.

Theinitialdisplayisadrilldownlist. TheFISAnnualRep.Structureandthe

financial statement itemsareshown intherow. Thecolumnsshowthe

financialstatementresultsforthecurrentfiscalyear,thepreviousyear

and the variance.

Using your knowledge of the navigation options in the output (changing

fromdrilldowntodetaillistandchangingthedrilldowncharacteristics),find

thefollowingresultsandmakeanoteoftheminthefollowingtable:

Continued on next page

125

第 140 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

1. Financial statement item Wagesand salaries for the current fiscal

year _________

2. Financial statement item Provisions for the profit center 1005

(Automobiles)inthepreviousyear_________

3. FS item Capital Revenue for the profit center1000 in period 7 of

the current fiscal year _________

126

1. Financial statement item Wagesand salaries for the current fiscal year _________
2. Financial statement item Provisions for the profit center 1005 (Automobiles)inthepreviousyear_________
3. FS item Capital Revenue for the profit center1000 in period 7 of the current fiscal year _________

第 141 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Navigation in Reports

Solution 7: Drilldown Reporting in

Financial Accounting

Task:

Navigation

1. Execute the standard report for the financial statement analysis

0SAPFS10-01(Actual/ActualComparisonforYear).

Usermenu→AC280DrilldownActivities→Executestandarddrilldown

reports→Actual/actual comparison foryear

Ontheselectionscreen,entercompanycode1000andtheCurrencytype

10. TheFISAnnualRep.StructureisINT.Ledgeris0LReportingyearis

currentyear. Reportingyearfromandtois1-16andcomparisonyearisthe

previousyearfrom1-16ChooseClassicdrilldownreportastheoutputtype.

Theinitialdisplayisadrilldownlist. TheFISAnnualRep.Structureandthe

financial statement itemsareshown intherow. Thecolumnsshowthe

financialstatementresultsforthecurrentfiscalyear,thepreviousyear

and the variance.

Using your knowledge of the navigation options in the output (changing

fromdrilldowntodetaillistandchangingthedrilldowncharacteristics),find

thefollowingresultsandmakeanoteoftheminthefollowingtable:

1. Financial statement itemWages and salaries for thecurrent fiscal

year _________

2. Financial statement item Provisions for the profit center 1005

(Automobiles)inthepreviousyear _________

3. FS item Capital Revenue for the profit center1000 in period 7 of

the current fiscal year _________

a) Usermenu→ Execute standarddrilldownreports→ Actual/actual

comparison for year

(orintheSAPmenu: Accounting→FinancialAccounting→General

Ledger→ Information System → General ledger reports (New)→

FinancialStatement/CashFlow→General→FinancialStatement

Actual/Actual comparisons

Company code: 1000

Currency type: 10

InReportselections,enterFISAnnualRep.StructureasINT

Continued on next page

127

1. Financial statement itemWages and salaries for thecurrent fiscal year _________
2. Financial statement item Provisions for the profit center 1005 (Automobiles)inthepreviousyear _________
3. FS item Capital Revenue for the profit center1000 in period 7 of the current fiscal year _________

第 142 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Ledger is 0L

Reporting year is the Current year

Reporting From & To is 1-16

Andcomparisonyearisthepreviousyearwith1-16asperiodsforthe

fields Comparison per. from & To

Output type: Classic drilldown report

The initial display is a drilldown list:

• Financial statement itemsin therows

• Financialstatementvalueresultsforthecurrentfiscalyear, the

previousyear,andthevarianceinthecolumns

SwitchfromtheSAPEasyAccessmenutoyourusermenu .

In the folder Execute standard drilldown reports: Report, choose

Actual/actual comparison for year (financial statement analysis

actual/actualcomparisonforyear). Ontheselectionscreen, enter

company code 1000, FIS Annual Rep.Structure INT, and the

current fiscal year. Execute the report.

FIS Annual Rep.Structure and the financial statement items are

displayedintherows. NavigatedowntoProfitandlossstatementin

theversion,andthenproceeduntilyoufindWagesandsalaries.

→Profitandlossstatement→Staffcosts→Wagesandsalaries

Makeanoteofthefinancialstatementvalueforthisiteminthecurrent

fiscal year.

Proceed to Liabilities and continue to navigate until you find

Provisions.

→ Liabilities → Provisions

Scroll through the navigation area above until you find the profit

center. SelecttheTangibleassetsrowbyclickingtheanglebrackets

icon(<>). Thenclickprofitcenterinthenavigationarea. Thereport

values for the Tangible assets are now drilled down by business

area. Makeanoteofthebalancesheet valuefor thecombinationof

Provisionsandprofitcenter1005(Automobiles)inthepreviousyear.

Youcanchangethecharacteristicdisplay: Youcanchooseanameand

keybychoosingSettings→Characteristicdisplay.

You can now reset the drilldown by the Financial statement item

characteristicbychoosingtheΣ(deactivatecharacteristic)icon. The

Financialstatementitemcharacteristicisnowavailableforselectionin

the navigation area.

Continued on next page

128

第 143 页 / 共 319 页

AC280 Lesson: Navigation in Reports

Selecttheprofitcenter1000rowbyclickingtheanglebracketsicon

(<>). Click the FS item drilldown characteristic (you may have to

scrolldownthenavigationarea). Thereportvaluesfortheprofitcenter

1000aredrilleddownbyfinancialstatementitem. TheFISAnnual

Rep.Structureandthefinancialstatement itemsare displayedin the

rows. In the version, proceed to LIABILITIES and then navigate

further until you have found Capital & reserves and then Capital

Revenue.

→LIABILITIES→Capital&reserves→CapitalRevenue.

SelecttheCapitalRevenuerowrowandthenclickPeriod/yearinthe

navigationarea. FortheProfitcenter1000andthefinancialstatement

item Capital Revenue, the system drills downthereport values by

period/year. Make a note of the financial statement value for the

combination of profit center 1000, Capital Revenue, and Period 7

in the current fiscal year.

129

第 144 页 / 共 319 页

Unit4: DrilldownReportinginFinancialAccounting AC280

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Usevariousnavigationoptionsindrilldownreports

130