AC220_EN_Col52_FV_Part_A4 (第6页) | ERP软件技术分享

第 229 页 / 共 411 页

Unit 7

Planning

Unit Overview

Thisunitwillhelpyouunderstandhowtosetuptheprerequisitesfor planning.

Youwilllearnhowtoinvestigatetheplanninglayoutsandplanningprofiles. The

unitwillalsoprovideinformationonhowtoenterplandataandexecutereportson

theplandataasacomparisontotheactualdataalreadystored.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• UsetheActivateLineItemsfunctiontoupdateplanlineitems

• Usedistributionkeystodistributeplanningtotalstoindividualperiods

• Entertheplanningvaluesusingvariousfunctions

Unit Contents

Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning...........................................222

Exercise 11: FI-SL Planning ..............................................239

221

第 230 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Lesson Overview

Thislessondescribeshowtousetheactivatelineitemsfunctiontodecidewhether

or not you needto updateplanlineitemsinyour plansummaryrecord. It also

describeshowtousedistributionkeystodistributeplanningtotalstoindividual

periods. Italsoexplainshowtoenterplanningvaluesusingthefunctionsavailable.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• UsetheActivateLineItemsfunctiontoupdateplanlineitems

• Usedistributionkeystodistributeplanningtotalstoindividualperiods

• Entertheplanning valuesusingvariousfunctions

Business Example

Field managers need to present the revenue and expense plans for each

geographical area to the corporate group. Using FI-SL planning, the field

managersmustgeneratedetailedmonthlyplansforvariousrevenueandexpense

categories. Plansaretobeinbothlocalandgroupcurrencyandbaseduponthe

seasonal fluctuationsof their geographical areas.

Overview of Planning

Figure 118: Planning: Overview

222

第 231 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Figure 119: Planning: Default Settings

Plan Periods

Figure 120: Plan Periods Variants

Youmustspecifyvalidplanperiodsforyourcompanycodesorglobalcompanies.

You can define two ranges of valid periods.

223

第 232 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Plan Versions

Figure 121: Plan Versions

Eachledgercanstoreanynumberofplanningdataversions.

Thisallowsyoutocompareplanningbasedondifferentvaluesandquantities.

TheplanversionscanbeevaluatedusingtheReportWriterwithorwithoutactual

results.

Figure 122: Version Parameters

PlanninginFI-SLiscarriedoutforlocalledgers(companycode)orgloballedgers

(global company).

224

第 233 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

After choosing a plan version, you must specify whether or not planning is

allowed for a specific fiscal year for the combination of ledger, version, and

company code (or global company).

Plan Line Items

Figure 123: Planning: Line Items

UsingtheActivateLineItemsfunction,youcandecidewhetherornotyouwant

toupdateplanlineitemsinyourplansummaryrecords.

The line items document the plan changes.

Youneed adocument type for theplan lineitems.

Thedocumenttypecontrolsthedocumentnumberassignment.

Ifyoualreadyhaveaplanningtotalbalancethatwouldbeupdatedwithoutline

items, thisbalancecan be transferredaslineitems.

225

第 234 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Distribution Keys

Figure 124: Standard Distribution Keys

Adistributionkeyisusedtodistributetheplanningtotalstotheindividualperiods.

You can work with the standard distribution keys that are delivered with your

system, for example:

• Equal distribution

• Analog distribution

• Percentage distribution

• Distributionorcopyingofvaluestothenextemptyperiods

• Distributionaccordingtothenumberofdaysinamonth

Figure 125: Individual Distribution Key

226

第 235 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Usingcompany-specificdistributionkeys,youcandefinerelativefactorsforeach

planning period. The system interpretsthe value entered as the total planning

valueanddistributesthisvaluetotheindividualplanning periodsaccording to

the relative factors.

This allows you to take into account seasonal fluctuations, shift schedules, or

other weighting criteria.

Youcanenterdistributionkeysasdefaultvaluesbeforeplanningoryoucanenter

them during planning.

Exchange Rates and Translation

Figure 126: Exchange Rates: Exchange Rate Type

For currency translation in FI-SL planning (transaction currency → currency

2/currency3)youcanenteryourownexchangeratesinthecurrencytable. You

canthendifferentiatethesefurtherwithanexchangeratetype.

Whileenteringtheentryoftheplanvalue,thecurrencytableisreadinconjunction

with the exchangeratetype. Exchange ratesaredetermined for each planning

period (thestart dateof theperiod isimportant).

227

第 236 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Plan Layouts

Figure 127: Manual Planning - Planning Layout

InFI-SL,planningdataisenteredonentryscreens. Youcancustomizetheuser

interfacesofthesescreensusingCustomizingsettings. Theseentryscreensare

called planning layouts.

Planninglayoutscanbestructuredwithagreatdegreeofflexibility. Thisensures

that the entry of the planning datais simple and that ergonomicfactorscan be

considered. TheReportPaintercanbeusedtodefineplanninglayouts.

Aplanninglayoutconsistsofaheaderandseveralleadandvaluecolumns.

You enter the selection criteria in the header and determinethe characteristics

that are displayed in the header.

Intheleadcolumn,youdefinethecharacteristicsthatyouwanttoplan.

Thefollowingoptionsareavailabletodefinethevaluecolumns:

You canenter columnseither with akey figureand characteristics or withkey

figures only. The key figures are contained in your tables. These are TSL

(transaction currency), HSL (currency 2), KSL (currency 3), MSL (quantity),

and ASL (additional quantity).

Aformulacolumnisavaluecolumndisplayingthecalculatedresultsfromother

value columns.

Inanattributecolumn,youhavetheoptionsfortheunitandthedistributionkey.

Theunitandthedistributionkeyaredisplayedasadditionalfieldsinacolumn.

You defineplanning layoutsinFI-SL Customizing.

228

第 237 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Figure 128: Planning Layout: Header (1)

You define characteristics and characteristic values that are valid for all rows

andcolumnsof thelayoutusingGeneralselections, for example, the valuesof

a version if the layout refers to only oneversion. General selections simplify

definitionandpreventerrorsandhelpprovideclarityinyourlayout.

Acharacteristicselectedfortheheaderareaisnolongeravailableforthedefinition

of rows and columns.

To determine the order in which the characteristics are displayed on the entry

screen in the header area, selectEdit → General selections→ Header layout.

Note that a maximum of nine selected characteristics can be displayed in the

header area for each layout.

Youcan definecharacteristic valuesasfollows:

Specification of set characteristic values

Entryof“*”. Allvalidvaluesaredisplayedforacharacteristic.

Parameterizationofthecharacteristicvalueswithvariables. Variablesmakethe

layout flexible. You determine the default values when you define the default

parametersfor your layout in the plantask. You candeterminewhether or not

thesedefaultvaluescanbeoverwrittenwhilecreatingyourplanningdata.

229

第 238 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Figure 129: Planning Layout: Header (2)

Inadditiontoindividualvaluesforyourcharacteristicsintheheaderarea,youcan

use intervals of values or sets.

Inthiscase,whilecreatingyourplanningvalues,youcaneitherscrollfromone

valuetoanotherordisplayalistofcharacteristicvaluesinyourintervalsorsets

andselectthevaluesforwhichyouwanttoentertheplanningvalues.

Figure 130: Lead Columns

Definitionofoneormoreleadcolumnswiththeheader

Youcandefineexactlyonecharacteristicforeachleadcolumn. Ifyouchooseto

definetheleadcolumnusingelements,thesystemsuggestsallcharacteristicsthat

havenotyetbeenused. Forthischaracteristic,youcanchooseavalue,avariable,

anintervalofvalues(orvariables),aset,or“*”(allvalues).

230

第 239 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

If,forexample,youselectthecharacteristic,“functionalarea”,inthefirstcolumn

and“Account”inthesecondcolumn,the“functionalarea/account”combinations

for whichdataexist are displayedduringplanning.

Planning example

Leadcolumn1 Lead column Value column

Functional area Account Local currency

0100-0500 430000-432000

Each new lead column is inserted before the lead columns that have already

beendefined. Toarrangetheleadcolumns,selectEdit→Columns→Sortlead

columns.

Figure 131: Individual Lines

Definitionofexactlyoneleadcolumnthroughtherows

This type of definition involves defining each row separately. You can define

a key figure or formula for each row or characteristic. Definition is the same

as with value columns.

Example for quarter planning (above):

Lead column Value column

Version/Quarter Local currency

Version 1/Quarter 1

Version 2/Quarter 1

Version 1/Quarter 2

Version 2/Quarter 2

231

第 240 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

(Quarter 1is defined via interval period1 to 3.)

Figure 132: Value Columns (1)

Definitionofanormalcolumnwithcharacteristicsorkeyfigures: Valuecolumns

aredefinedusingkeyfigures,suchastransactioncurrency,currency2,currency

3,quantity,oradditionalquantity. Youdeterminewhetherornotyoudisplaythe

valuefieldsintherowsorcolumnswhenyoudefinethefirstelementofthelayout.

Ifyoudefineavaluefieldinaroworcolumn, youcandefinethisfurtherusing

characteristics. Intervalsofcharacteristicvaluesarenotpermittedinacolumn.

Definitionofanattributecolumn: Thefollowingattributesareavailable:

DistributionKey: Youusethedistributionkeytodistributecumulativevaluesto

theperiodvalues. Youcan,forexample,representseasonaltrendsintheperiods

ofafiscalyearusingthedistributionkey. Ifnodistributionkeyisselected, the

systemdistributesinananalogousmanner. Inotherwords,ifnodataisavailable,

data is distributed evenly and when data is available, the data is distributed

analogous to this.

Unit: Youassignavaluefieldtoacurrencyorquantity.

If you select theattribute unit when planning iscarried out, thisfieldcontains

either thequantityortheassociatedcurrency, depending ontheassignedvalue

field. Ifyouhavedefinedvariouscharacteristicsorcharacteristicvaluesinyour

columns, youhaveto definethecharacteristicswiththerelevant characteristic

valuesagainwhiledefiningthedistributionkeyandunitattributes.

Formulainthelayout: Youcandefineformulacolumnsandrowsconsistingof

thevaluesofthecolumnsalreadydefined. Theseformulaeareautomaticallyset

to not ready for input.

232

第 241 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Figure 133: Value Columns (2)

Youneedtodefinevaluecolumnsthatyouwanttodisplay(andnotfillwithplan

values)asnotreadyforinput. If,forexample, youwanttoplanthetransaction

currencyandyoudonotwanttoplancurrency2and/orcurrency3manuallybut

youwanttodisplaythetranslatedplanvalues,youflagthesecolumnsasnotready

forinput. YoucandothisbyselectingFormat→Readyforinput.

Ifyouwanttodisplaytheactualvaluesforakeyfigure,youhavetoincludethe

recordtype0forthiscolumn. Inthiscase,youhavetodeterminetherecordtype

forplandatafortheothercolumns. Ifallcolumnsaretodisplayplandata,youcan

enterrecordtype“Plan”as“commondenominator”inGeneralselections.

Planner Profile

Figure 134: Organization of Planning View

233

第 242 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Aplannerprofilecontrolstheplanningschedule. Inaplannerprofile,youspecify

whichplanningtasksareusedwithwhichdefaultparametersforeachtable.

Youcancreateasmanyplanningtasksasyouwantforeachtable. Youcanalso

assignthesameplanningtasktoaplannerprofilemorethanonceonlyifdifferent

default parameters are used on each occasion.

The structureof planner profilesishierarchical:

• General planner profiles

• Planned tables

• Planning tasks for the table

• Planning layouts with default parameters

Figure 135: Planner Profile

You canassign an authorizationgroup toeachplanner profile. You can assign

differentiatedauthorizationstocreateplanningdatabycombiningauthorization

groupsanddefaultparametersthatcannotbeoverwritten.

You assign summarytablesto each planner profilethat you want to use as the

basis for your planning. You can store distribution keys as default values for

currencyand quantityfieldsforeachassigned table.

You assign planning tasks to each table. The position is used to determine in

which order the planning tasks areexecuted.

The indicator for default parameters specifies whether or not the default

parametersarecreatedforyourplantask. Youcandeterminewhetherornotyour

default parameters can be overwritten during planning. If the indicator is set,

thedefault valuesareproposalsthat youcanoverwriteduringplanning. Ifthis

indicatorisnotactive,thepreassignmentcannotbechanged.

234

第 243 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Youcanspecifywhetherornotyourplandataisreadandsummarized.

With Excel integration, you determine whether or not Microsoft Excel can be

usedto createplan data. IfExcelintegration isactivated, you must enter afile

name in the file description field.

Youcanenter thedocument typeforplanlineitems.

Youcanspecifywhichofthefieldsincludedinyourplanninglayoutforcurrencies

andquantitiesare readyfor input duringplanning.

Defaultparameters: Youcanassigndefaultparameterstoeachplanningtask. Enter

thevalues. Thesevaluesappearasdefaultvaluesontheinitialplanningscreen.

Figure 136: Plan Tasks for a Planner Profile

Whenyoucarryoutplanning,yousetyourplannerprofileandthesummarytable

toenteryourplanningdata. Theplanninglayoutsareprovidedforyouintheorder

specifiedfor eachplan task forthetablespecified. Youcannavigatefromone

layouttoanothertoenter yourplanvaluesinthetable.

Ifthedefault parametersfunctionisactivatedinyour task, youcandisplaythe

defaultvaluesontheentryscreenforeachlayoutandoverwritethemifnecessary.

Withdefaultparameters,youalsohavetwooptionstoenteryourplanvalues:

Freeentryof recordsnot planned: Thisindicator specifieswhether ornotonly

values for which plan data already exists in the database are displayed for the

characteristics. Newcharacteristicvaluescanbecreatedandinsertedintherows.

Form-basedentry: Ifyousetthisindicator,allvaluesforthecharacteristicswith

validmaster dataaredisplayed. Inotherwords, noattentionispaidtowhether

or not plan data exists. Instead, the same structure of characteristic values is

displayed in each planning session.

235

第 244 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Entering Plan Values

Figure 137: Entering Plan Data

Severalhelpfunctionsareavailableforyoutouseduringplanning. Theseinclude

changing distribution keys for each combination, scaling for units, setting of

decimalplaces,displayofpossiblecombinations,branchingtoavalidcombination

ofyourchoice,displayofleadcolumnswithorwithouttotals,showing/hidingof

headerfields,branchingtolineitemdisplay,andsoon.

Inaddition,youcanrevaluateselected,readyforinputdatacellswithapercentage

rate or alternatively add values. You can also enter a negative sign. During

“revaluation” the system subtracts the value calculated using the relevant

percentageratefromtheselectedcells. Youcanalsoenteranegativesignwhen

adding. During“adding”thesystem thensubtractstherelevant valuefrom the

selected data cells.

236

第 245 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Figure 138: Overview Screen and Period Screen

Youcanbranchwithintheperiodscreentodisplayorenterindividualperiods.

Figure 139: Copy Data to Plan

Youcanusenewtransactiondataalreadypresentinthesystemasatemplatefor

anewplanning. Itcanmakesense, for example, tousetheactual valuesofthe

currentyearasthebasisfortheplanninginthefollowingyear.

237

第 246 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

First, youenterthetemplateplan. Next, specifytowhereyouwanttocopythe

data from the template plan.

Thedatafromthetemplatecanbecopiedinanon-summarizedform.

Alternatively,youcanrestrictthetemplatedatausingaspecifiedset. Inthiscase,

onlythosecharacteristicsarecopiedthatarecontainedintheset. Summarization

occurs for all other characteristics.

Example: Youwanttousetheactualdataofthepreviousyearastemplateforthe

plandataofthefollowingyear. Asactualdatacontainsdetailinformationsuchas

thefunctionalareathatisnotrequiredforplanning,youuseasettocopythedata

thatincludesthecharacteristics“Account”and“Businessarea”only. Inthisway,

atthesametimeasactualdataof thepreviousyeariscopied, asummarization

of all functional areas occurs.

Youcanrevaluateselectedtemplatedatawithregardtocurrenciesandquantities.

Youneedtodefinerevaluationfactorstodothis. Iftherevaluationfactorsarenot

sufficientforthecurrenciesandquantities,youcanusetheuserexit. Inthisway,

youcandefinetherevaluationprocesstosuityourrequirements.

You can also definewhetheror not youwishtooverwriteor cumulateexisting

target data.

238

第 247 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Exercise 11: FI-SL Planning

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Definedefaultsettingsandplantheparametersfortheplan. Entertheplan

data and check the results.

Business Example

Regionalmanagersmustsubmitrevenueplansfortheirregions.

Task 1:

Exercise: Plan the revenues (accounts 810200, 810300, and 810400) for the

zones,NORTH,SOUTH,EAST,andWESTinversion1foryourcompanycode

ACXX(where XX is your group number) only in the 3rd currency USD. You

needtoplantherevenuefromJanuarytoDecemberandsettheplannedrevenue

foraccount810300tobe10%higherfromJulytoSeptemberthanfortheother

months. Createthedistributionkey,GRXX(whereXXisyourgroupnumber)for

weightingthesummermonths,andusethisdistributionkeyforthecorresponding

combinations when you enter theplan data.

When you record the plan data, determine the periods (from/to) on the initial

screen.

Youneedplanlineitemsforyourplannedtotals. DocumenttypeP0determines

the number assignment.

Note: Youneedtoplaneachcombinationofzoneandrevenueaccountas

negativeamountsbetweenUSD–96000andUSD–150000.

Default Settings

1. Createversion parametersfor your company code, ledger, version 1, and

the current year.

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

Plan Settings → Maintain Plan Versions

IMG: Financial Accounting → Special Purpose Ledger → Planning

→ Plan Settings → Version Parameters → Maintain Local Version

Parameters

2. Activate Line Items(Document Type: P0)

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

PlanSettings→ActivateLineItems→ActivateLocalLineItems

Continued on next page

239

第 248 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Ledger: Your ledger

Version: 1

Companycode: ACXX(XX=your groupnumber)

Fiscal year: Current year

Save GXX-PLAN as a variant.

Description: GXX Planning

3. CreatethedistributionkeyGRXX(whereXXisyourgroupnumber)with

thedescriptionRevenuesgroupXX:Summermonths+10%.

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

Plan Settings →Define Distribution Keys

Save the distribution key.

4. CreatetheplanninglayoutGXX-REVENUES (whereXX isyour group

name).

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

DefinePlanningLayout→CreatePlanningLayout

Summary table: ZSLTABT

Planning layout: GXX-REVENUES

Description: Revenues for ZONES

Fortheleadcolumn1,determinethesetGXX-ZONESforthecharacteristic

RZZREGION.

UsetheheadingsCharacteristicvalueandName. Confirmyourentries.

Fortheleadcolumn2,specifythesetGXX-REVENUESfortheaccount

characteristic.

UsetheheadingsCharacteristicvalueandName. Confirmyourentries.

Sortyourleadcolumns. Edit→Columns→SortLeadColumns. Enter1for

Special region and 2 for Account number.

You need a column with the key figure KSL (Group currency, which is

theledgercurrency),andtheattributecolumnsUnitandDistributionkey

(each for the key figure KSL).

Your general selections should contain entries for the company code

(ACXX),ledger AA(..RR),record typePlan, version, fiscal year andthe

periods (variables from/to values).

Confirm your entries.

Check and save your layout.

Continued on next page

240

第 249 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

5. Create the planner profile GXX-PLAN (description: Revenue planning

groupXX) (whereXXisyour groupnumber).

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

Define Planning Profile

SelectNewEntriesandenteryourplannerprofileandadescription. Save

your entries.

EnterZSLTABTasatablewhichcanbeplannedwiththedefaultdistribution

key 1 for Currency.

Youneedaplantaskandplanninglayoutforthistable.

Select theentry with thesummary table anddouble-clickPlanning tasks

for the table.

SelectNewEntriesandenterItem1andyourplanninglayout.

Select the options Default parameters overwriteable, document type PO,

and 3rd currency.

Save your entries.

Enterthedefaultvalues1and12foryouraccountingperiodsintheDefault

parametersforyourplantask,andselectFormula-basedentry.

Save your entries.

Save your planner profile.

Task 2:

Plan Execution

1. SpecifyyourplannerprofileandselectthesummarytableZSLTABT.

SAP Easy Access → Accounting → Financial Accounting → Special

PurposeLedger→Planning→SetPlannerProfile

2. EnteryourplanvaluesRemembertoenteryourdistributionkeyGRXXfor

account810300forthezonesNORTH,SOUTH,EAST,andWEST.

SAP Easy Access → Accounting → Financial Accounting → Special

PurposeLedger→Planning→PlannedValues→Enter

3. Display theplanned totalsandplandocuments.

SAP Easy Access → Special Purpose Ledger → Planning → Planned

Total Display

SAPEasyAccess→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→DisplayPlan

Documents

Continued on next page

241

第 250 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

The record type is 1.

242

第 251 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Solution 11: FI-SL Planning

Task 1:

Exercise: Plan the revenues (accounts 810200, 810300, and 810400) for the

zones,NORTH,SOUTH,EAST,andWESTinversion1foryourcompanycode

ACXX(where XX is your group number) only in the 3rd currency USD. You

needtoplantherevenuefromJanuarytoDecemberandsettheplannedrevenue

foraccount810300tobe10%higherfromJulytoSeptemberthanfortheother

months. Createthedistributionkey,GRXX(whereXXisyourgroupnumber)for

weightingthesummermonths,andusethisdistributionkeyforthecorresponding

combinations when you enter theplan data.

When you record the plan data, determine the periods (from/to) on the initial

screen.

Youneedplanlineitemsforyourplannedtotals. DocumenttypeP0determines

the number assignment.

Note: Youneedtoplaneachcombinationofzoneandrevenueaccountas

negativeamountsbetweenUSD–96000andUSD–150000.

Default Settings

1. Createversion parametersfor your company code, ledger, version 1, and

the current year.

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

Plan Settings → Maintain Plan Versions

Continued on next page

243

第 252 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

IMG: Financial Accounting → Special Purpose Ledger → Planning

→ Plan Settings → Version Parameters → Maintain Local Version

Parameters

a) Createversionparametersforyourcompanycode,ledger, version1,

and the current year.

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning

→PlanSettings→Maintain Plan Versions

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning

→PlanSettings→VersionParameters→MaintainLocalVersion

Parameters

New entries:

Ledger: Your ledger

Version: Version 1

Companycode: ACXX(XX=yourgroupnumber)

Fiscal year: Current year

Save your version parameters.

2. Activate LineItems (Document Type: P0)

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

PlanSettings→ActivateLineItems→ActivateLocalLineItems

Ledger: Your ledger

Version: 1

Companycode: ACXX(XX=your groupnumber)

Fiscal year: Current year

Save GXX-PLAN as a variant.

Continued on next page

244

第 253 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Description: GXX Planning

a) Activate Line Items(Document Type: P0)

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning

→PlanSettings→ActivateLineItems→ActivateLocalLineItems

Ledger: Your ledger

Version: 1

Companycode: ACXX(XX=yourgroupnumber)

Fiscal year: Current year

Save GXX-PLAN as a variant.

Description: GXX Planning

3. CreatethedistributionkeyGRXX(whereXXisyourgroupnumber)with

thedescriptionRevenuesgroupXX:Summermonths+10%.

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

Plan Settings →Define Distribution Keys

Save the distribution key.

a) CreatethedistributionkeyGRXX(whereXXisyourgroupnumber)

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning

→PlanSettings→DefineDistributionKeys

Distributionkey: GRXX(whereXXisgroupnumber)

Select Enter.

Description: RevenuesGroupXX:Summermonths+10%

Periods RelativeFactor Periods RelativeFactor

1 10 2 10

3 10 4 10

5 10 6 10

7 11 8 11

9 11 10 10

11 10 12 10

Save the distribution key.

4. Createtheplanning layout GXX-REVENUES(whereXXisyour group

name).

Continued on next page

245

第 254 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

DefinePlanningLayout→CreatePlanningLayout

Summary table: ZSLTABT

Planning layout: GXX-REVENUES

Description: Revenues for ZONES

Fortheleadcolumn1,determinethesetGXX-ZONESforthecharacteristic

RZZREGION.

UsetheheadingsCharacteristicvalueandName. Confirmyourentries.

Fortheleadcolumn2,specifythesetGXX-REVENUESfortheaccount

characteristic.

UsetheheadingsCharacteristicvalueandName. Confirmyourentries.

Sortyourleadcolumns. Edit→Columns→SortLeadColumns. Enter1for

Special region and 2 for Account number.

You need a column with the key figure KSL (Group currency, which is

theledgercurrency),andtheattributecolumnsUnitandDistributionkey

(each for the key figure KSL).

Your general selections should contain entries for the company code

(ACXX),ledger AA(..RR),record typePlan, version, fiscal year andthe

periods (variables from/to values).

Confirm your entries.

Check and save your layout.

a) Create the planning layout GXX-REVENUES (where XX is your

group name).

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning

→DefinePlanningLayout→CreatePlanningLayout

Summary table: ZSLTABT

Planning layout: GXX-REVENUES

Description: Revenues for ZONES

For the lead column 1, specify the set GXX-ZONES for the

characteristic RZZREGION.

UsetheheadingsCharacteristicvalueandName. Confirmyourentries.

For the lead column 2, specify the set GXX-REVENUES for the

account characteristic.

UsetheheadingsCharacteristicvalueandName. Confirmyourentries.

Continued on next page

246

第 255 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Sortyourleadcolumns. Edit→Columns→SortLeadColumns. Enter

1forSpecialregionand2for Accountnumber.

YouneedacolumnwiththekeyfigureKSL(Groupcurrency,whichis

theledgercurrency),andtheattributecolumnsUnitandDistribution

key (each for the key figure KSL).

Double-clickcolumn1. SelectthekeyfigureKSL(Groupcurrency)

and confirm your entries.

Double-clickthenextfreecolumn. SelecttheelementtypeAttribute,

andthenUnit. SelectthekeyfigureKSL(groupcurrency)andconfirm

your entries.

Double-clickthenextfreecolumn. SelecttheelementtypeAttribute,

andthenDistributionkey. SelectthekeyfigureKSL(groupcurrency)

and confirm your entries.

Yourgeneralselectionsshouldcontainentriesforthecompanycode

(ACXX),ledgerAA(..RR),recordtypePlan,version,fiscalyearand

the periods(variables from/to values).

Edit→GeneralDataSelection→GeneralDataSelection

SelectthecharacteristicsAccountingperiod,Companycode,Ledger,

Record type, Version, and Fiscal year.

Fortheaccountingperiod,selecttheindicatorforenteringvariablesfor

the From and To fields.

Enter the company code ACXX.

Enter the ledger AA(..RR).

Enter the record type 1.

Enter the version 1.

Enter thefiscal year Current fiscal year.

Confirm your entries.

Check and save your layout.

5. Create the planner profile GXX-PLAN (description: Revenue planning

groupXX) (whereXXisyour groupnumber).

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→

Define Planning Profile

SelectNewEntriesandenteryourplannerprofileandadescription. Save

your entries.

EnterZSLTABTasatablewhichcanbeplannedwiththedefaultdistribution

key 1 for Currency.

Continued on next page

247

第 256 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Youneedaplantaskandplanninglayoutforthistable.

Select the entry with thesummary tableand double-clickPlanningtasks

for the table.

SelectNewEntriesandenterItem1andyourplanninglayout.

Select theoptions Default parameters overwriteable, document type PO,

and 3rd currency.

Save your entries.

Enterthedefaultvalues1and12foryouraccountingperiodsintheDefault

parametersforyourplantask,andselectFormula-basedentry.

Save your entries.

Save your planner profile.

a) CreatetheplannerprofileGXX-PLAN(description: Revenueplanning

groupXX) (whereXXisyour groupnumber).

IMG:FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning

→ Define Planning Profile

SelectNewEntriesand enteryour plannerprofileandadescription.

Save your entries.

Enter ZSLTABT as a table which can be planned with the default

distribution key 1 for Currency.

Youneedaplantaskandplanninglayoutforthistable.

Select theentry with thesummary table and double-clickPlanning

tasks for the table.

SelectNewEntriesandenterItem1andyourplanninglayout.

Selecttheoptions, Defaultparametersoverwriteable, documenttype

PO, and 3rd currency.

Save your entries.

Enterthedefaultvalues1and12foryouraccountingperiodsinthe

Defaultparametersforyourplantask,andselectFormula-basedentry.

Save your entries.

Save your planner profile.

Continued on next page

248

第 257 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Settings in FI-SL Planning

Task 2:

Plan Execution

1. SpecifyyourplannerprofileandselectthesummarytableZSLTABT.

SAP Easy Access → Accounting → Financial Accounting → Special

PurposeLedger→Planning→SetPlannerProfile

a) SpecifyyourplannerprofileandselectthesummarytableZSLTABT.

SAPEasyAccess→Accounting→FinancialAccounting→Special

PurposeLedger→Planning→SetPlannerProfile

2. EnteryourplanvaluesRemembertoenteryourdistributionkeyGRXXfor

account810300forthezonesNORTH,SOUTH,EAST,andWEST.

SAP Easy Access → Accounting → Financial Accounting → Special

PurposeLedger→Planning→PlannedValues→Enter

a) Enteryourplanvalues. RemembertoenteryourdistributionkeyGRXX

foraccount810300forthezonesNORTH,SOUTH,EAST,andWEST.

SAPEasyAccess→Accounting→FinancialAccounting→Special

PurposeLedger→Planning→PlannedValues→Enter

3. Display theplanned totalsandplandocuments.

SAP Easy Access → Special Purpose Ledger → Planning → Planned

Total Display

SAPEasyAccess→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→DisplayPlan

Documents

The record type is 1.

a) Displaytheplannedtotalsandplandocuments.

SAPEasyAccess→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→Copy

Model Plan → Display Totals

SAPEasyAccess→SpecialPurposeLedger→Planning→Display

Plan Documents → Total Display

The record type is 1.

249

第 258 页 / 共 411 页

Unit7: Planning AC220

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• UsetheActivateLineItemsfunctiontoupdateplanlineitems

• Usedistributionkeystodistributeplanningtotalstoindividualperiods

• Entertheplanning valuesusingvariousfunctions

250

第 259 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Unit Summary

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• UsetheActivateLineItemsfunctiontoupdateplanlineitems

• Usedistributionkeystodistributeplanningtotalstoindividualperiods

• Entertheplanningvaluesusingvariousfunctions

251

第 260 页 / 共 411 页

UnitSummary AC220

252

第 261 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

1. Thelineitemstable theplanchanges.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

2. Using distributionkeys,youcandefine

relative factorsfor each planning period.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

3. Scaling for units is one of the several help functions available during

planning.

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

253

第 262 页 / 共 411 页

TestYourKnowledge AC220

Answers

1. Thelineitemstabledocumenttheplanchanges.

Answer: document

2. Usingcompanyspecificdistributionkeys,youcandefinerelativefactorsfor

each planning period.

Answer: company specific

3. Scaling for units is one of the several help functions available during

planning.

Answer: True

Scaling for units is one of the several help functions available during

planning.

254

第 263 页 / 共 411 页

Unit 8

Allocations

Unit Overview

Thisunitwillhelpyouunderstandhowtosetuptheprerequisitesforallocations.

Tobeginwith,youwilllearnhowtoinvestigatetherulestodeterminethesender

andreceivervalues. Youwillseehowtoorganizetheallocationsintosegments

and cycles. You will also learn how to execute an allocation cycle, view the

results, and check the results with a report.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Define the term allocation

• Use the different types of allocation

• Define sender and receiver values

• Create and execute an FI-SL cycle

Unit Contents

Lesson: Using Allocations in FI-SL...........................................256

Exercise 12: Allocation of Expenses to Regions ......................263

255

第 264 页 / 共 411 页

Unit8: Allocations AC220

Lesson: Using Allocations in FI-SL

Lesson Overview

This lesson starts with a definition of the term allocation. Then, the lesson

explains the use of the different types of allocations. The lesson gives you an

insight into the sender and receiver values. You will also learn how to create

and execute an FI-SL cycle.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Define the term allocation

• Use the different types of allocation

• Define sender and receiver values

• Create and execute an FI-SL cycle

Business Example

Toallowforprecisecontrolandanalysisofthecostsinthefunctionalareas,these

costshavetobeallocatedtoLinesofBusiness. Reportsreflectvariousmethods

for allocating these costs, percentage split and receiver based criteria, such as

percentagesplitandreceiver-basedcriteriahavetobetestedandimplemented.

Forthispurpose,youneedtoanalyzetheallocationinstrumentsofFI-SL.Ifthe

FI-SLallocationinstrumentsareacceptabletomeetthesegoals,youneedtocreate

andexecuteFI-SL cycle for allocation purposes.

256

第 265 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Using Allocations in FI-SL

Overview and Examples of Allocations in FI-SL

Figure 140: Allocations: Overview

Distribution and Assessment

Figure 141: Distribution

ThedatastoredunderanaccountinFI-SLcanbedistributedusingauser-defined

key. Postingsmadetoaccounts,suchaselectricitycostsarecollectedforacost

centerandallocatedattheendoftheperiodusingthedefinedkey.

Indistribution,theoriginalaccountiscreditedwiththeallocation.

Line items that document the distribution are written to the sender as well as

the receiver.

257

第 266 页 / 共 411 页

Unit8: Allocations AC220

Thedistributioncanberepeatedasfrequentlyasyouwant.

Figure 142: Assessment

During assessment, the account balances are collected on a cost center and

allocated as a total via an assessment account to other characteristics, such as

cost centers.

Theassessmentisperformedaccordingtouser-definedrules.

Lineitemsthatdocumenttheassessmentarewrittentothesenderandthereceiver.

Theassessmentcanberepeatedasoftenasyouwant.

Sender and Receiver Information

Figure 143: Allocations: SenderandReceiverInformation

258

第 267 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Using Allocations in FI-SL

Duringassessmentanddistribution,recordsareupdatedinthesummarytablewith

recordtype2(allocatedactualdata)orrecordtype3(allocatedplandata).

You can specify whether the records should contain the sender and receiver

information(RCNTRtoSCNTRandRFAREAtoSFAREA).

Thisinformationisdocumentedaslineitemsforthesummaryrecords.

Ifyourepeatanassessmentanddistributionwithinaperiod,thesummaryrecords

are reversed before the new execution.

Therefore, theallocationcanberepeatedat anytime.

Cycles and Segments

Figure 144: Segments

Asegmentcombinessendercostcentersforwhichthevaluesbeingallocatedare

tobecalculatedinthesamewayandreceivercostcentersforwhichthetracing

factors are to be calculated in the same way.

259

第 268 页 / 共 411 页

Unit8: Allocations AC220

Figure 145: Cycles

Senderand receiver groupsarecombinedin cycles.

Cyclesarestoredchronologically. Duringprocessing,youcanselectcyclesusing

the validity period.

Divisions in the company can be allocated by splitting them into cycles, also

separated by time. You can also set upallocation cyclesthat arebased on one

another. Thisenablesyoutoprocesstheservicecostcentersinthefirstcycleand

the final cost centers in the subsequent cycle.

Cycles are processed in succession.

260

第 269 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Using Allocations in FI-SL

Figure 146: Allocations: Example

Figure 147: Field Usage: Segment Level

FieldstobeusedinAllocationsmustbedeclaredatdifferentlevels:

AttheSegmentlevelifafieldisuseditcanbeenteredasareceiverorsenderwith

a single value, an interval and/or a set.

261

第 270 页 / 共 411 页

Unit8: Allocations AC220

262

第 271 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Using Allocations in FI-SL

Exercise 12: Allocation of Expenses to

Regions

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Define and execute an allocation

Business Example

To enable the costs posted in thegeneral functional areas to be monitored and

analyzedaccurately, thesecostsmustbeassignedtospecialregions. Thisisthe

basisusedtodeterminetheviabilityofproductssoldintheseareas.

Task:

In the menu, select:

SAPEasyAccess→Accounting→FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurpose

Ledger→ Periodic Processing → Allocation

The actual totals for general expenses accrued in the actual period have been

posted in version 1 for the company code ACXX to the accounts 472000 and

476000inthefunctionalareassales(0300),administration(0400),andRandD

(0500). TheseamountsaretobedistributedtothespecialregionsN-XX1,S-XX1,

E-XX1,andW-XX1. Thetracingfactorforthesereceiverspecialregionsare10,

20, 30, and 40 percent, respectively.

Proceed as follows:

1. Create the allocation cycle GXX-DIST for your ledger (validity dates

01.01.current year -31.12.current year). Enter the text: General Expense

AllocationIndicatorandfieldgroup: Not selected

Default selection criteria: Company Code ACXX and Version 1. In the

menu,selectAllocation→CreateActualDistribution

2. Addthesegment(S1)toyourcyclewiththeappropriatesenderandreceiver

information, sender and receiver rules, and the tracing factor (%) for the

receivers. Inthemenu,selectAllocation→ActualDistribution→Execute

3. Executethecycleforthecurrentperiod,firstasatestrunandasanupdate

run. SelectDetailedLists. ThedocumenttypeisA0.

4. Viewthetotalsrecordsandthedocumentpostedusingthesamemenupathas

fordisplayingactualtotals. Therecordtypefortheassessment/distribution

of actual data is 2.

263

第 272 页 / 共 411 页

Unit8: Allocations AC220

Solution 12: Allocation of Expenses to

Regions

Task:

In the menu, select:

SAPEasyAccess→Accounting→FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurpose

Ledger→ Periodic Processing → Allocation

The actual totals for general expenses accrued in the actual period have been

posted in version 1 for the company code ACXX to the accounts 472000 and

476000inthefunctionalareassales(0300),administration(0400),andRandD

(0500). TheseamountsaretobedistributedtothespecialregionsN-XX1,S-XX1,

E-XX1,andW-XX1. Thetracingfactorforthesereceiverspecialregionsare10,

20, 30, and 40 percent, respectively.

Proceed as follows:

1. Create the allocation cycle GXX-DIST for your ledger (validity dates

01.01.current year -31.12.current year). Enter the text: General Expense

AllocationIndicatorandfieldgroup: Not selected

Default selection criteria: Company Code ACXX and Version 1. In the

menu,selectAllocation→CreateActualDistribution

a) CreatetheallocationcycleGXX-DISTforyourledger(validitydates

01.01.current year- 31.12.current year).

Allocation →ActualDistribution→Create

Ledger: Your ledger

Cycle: GXX-DIST (XX=yourcompanycode)

Start date: 01.01.current year

Select Enter.

Text: General Expense Allocation

Indicator and field groups: None set

Default selection criteria:

Companycode: ACXX(XX=yourcompanycode)

Version: 1

Continued on next page

264

第 273 页 / 共 411 页

AC220 Lesson: Using Allocations in FI-SL

2. Addthesegment(S1)toyourcyclewiththeappropriatesenderandreceiver

information, sender and receiver rules, and the tracing factor (%) for the

receivers. Inthemenu,selectAllocation→ActualDistribution→Execute

a) Addthesegment (S1)toyour cyclewith theappropriatesender and

receiverinformation,senderandreceiverrules,andthetracingfactor

(%) for the receivers.

Select Attach Segment.

Segmentname: S1 Distr. Gen.ExpensestoSpecialRegions

Sender values Receivertracing factor

Rule: Postedamount Rule: Fixedpercentages

Adopt other settings

Sender/Receiver:

Sender:

Accountnumber: Set: GXX-GEN-EXPENSE

Functional area: Set: GXX-FAREAS

Receiver:

Special region: Set: GXX-SPECREGS

Select Tracing factors.

Receiver Percent

N-001 10

S-001 20

E-001 30

W-001 40

Save the cycle.

Continued on next page

265

第 274 页 / 共 411 页

Unit8: Allocations AC220

3. Executethecycleforthecurrentperiod,firstasatestrunandasanupdate

run. SelectDetailedLists. ThedocumenttypeisA0.

a) Executethe cyclefor thecurrentperiod, firstasatestrunandasan

update run.

Allocation→ActualDistribution→Execute

Ledger: Your ledger

Parameters:

Period: Current period

Fiscal year: Current year

Document type: A0

Processing options:

x Detailed lists

SelectTestrunfirst,andthenexecutetheupdaterun.

Displaythesenderandrecipientinthelog. Writedownthedocument

number when you executetheupdaterun.

4. Viewthetotalsrecordsandthedocumentpostedusingthesamemenupathas

fordisplayingactualtotals. Therecordtypefortheassessment/distribution

of actual data is 2.

a) Viewthetotalsrecordsandthedocumentpostedusingthesamemenu

path as for displaying actual totals.

Note: Therecordtypefortheassessment/distributionofactual

allocated data is 2.

266