AC220_EN_Col52_FV_Part_A4 (第5页) | ERP软件技术分享

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

Youmustperformthefollowingstepstocreateavalidationorsubstitution:

• 1. Entertheapplicationareainwhichthevalidationorsubstitutioniscalled

up.

• 2. Selectthecorrectcalluppointforthevalidationorsubstitution.

• 3. Define the validation or substitution.

• 4. Assignyourvalidationorsubstitutiontoanorganizationalunit, suchas

company code for FI, company code or global company for FI-SL, and

controlling area for CO).

• 5. Activate it.

Thefieldsthatcanbeusedinyourvalidationorsubstitutionaredeterminedfrom

the application area and the callup point. When you define your rules for the

prerequisiteandcheckstatements,youcanchoosethefieldsthatyouwanttouse.

Validations and Substitution Examples

Figure 89: Validation and Substitution Examples

User-definedrulesenableyoutovalidateandsubstitutespecificdatawhileyou

enter the data in the system.

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AC220 Lesson: Functionality of FI-SL Validations and Substitutions

Figure 90: Example of a Validation

Validation allows you to define your own checks for specific fields when a

business transaction is being processed.

A validation consists of three parts:

• Prerequisite

• Check

• Message

Iftheprerequisiteismet(ifitisTRUE),acheckisperformed.

IfthecheckstatementisFALSE,thesystemreturnsamessage.

Figure 91: Example of a Substitution

Substitutionallowsyoutodefineyourownconditionstosubstitutespecificfields.

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

A substitution consists of two parts:

• Prerequisite

• Substitution

Iftheprerequisiteismet(ifitisTRUE),thesubstitutioniscarriedout.

Figure 92: FI-SL: Direct Data Entry

ThisexampleshowshowvalidationsandsubstitutionsareusedinFI-SL.

Thevalidation/substitutioncanbeusedforadirectposting(adjustmentposting).

Thefieldsin tableGLU1are usedin thisexample.

Callup Points in Validations

Figure 93: Validation: Call-up Points/Callup Point 1

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AC220 Lesson: Functionality of FI-SL Validations and Substitutions

Thecalluppointdetermineswhenthevalidationorsubstitutionisperformed.

ThisexampleshowshowdataisvalidatedinaG/LaccountassignmentorFI-SL

account assignment at callup point 1.

Calluppoint1checksthefieldsinadocumentheader.

Figure 94: Validation: Call-up Points/Callup Point 2

Calluppoint 2isused tocheckthefieldsinadocument linefor aG/L account

postingoraFI-SLadjustmentposting. Thefieldsthatareavailableatcalluppoint

1 are also available for cross checks.

Example: Checkingtheaccount/businessareacombination.

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

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AC220 Lesson: Functionality of FI-SL Validations and Substitutions

Exercise 8: Validations

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Define and execute a validation in FI-SL

Business Example

RegionalmanagersneedtoensurethatanyadjustmentpostingsmadeinFI-SL

arerestrictedtothecorrectversionanddocumenttype. Additionally,managers

needtoensurethecorrectcombinationsofspecialregionsforsomepostingsand

takerevenuesinto account tocreatespecial reports.

Task:

Postings from FI

WhenyoumakeadjustmentpostingsinFI-SL,youmustensurethatthecorrect

combinationofproductsandspecialregionsisenteredforyourcompanycode.

Material: T-IC-R2009

Allowedspecialregions: N-XX1,S-XX1,E-XX1orW-XX1(whereXXisyour

group number.)

Ifanincorrectcombination isentered, thefollowingmessageof typeE should

appear:

Groupxx: Incorrectcombinationmaterial&/region&(wherexxisyourgroup

number)

1. Create a validation GXX-VAL (where XX is your group number) for the

application area GL and the line item.

Select

SAP Reference IMG → Financial Accounting → Special Purpose

Ledger→BasicSettings →Validation→MaintainLocalValidation→

Environment → Validation

Enter the user table GXX-UTAB (where XX is the group number) and

select Continue.

Select the line item and double-click Validation (Create). Enter your

validationwiththedescription,Material/Regions.

Insertthestep,AllowedMaterialandRegions,andusetheFormulaBuilder

to define your prerequisite and check.

Continued on next page

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

2. Definetherequiredmessagewiththenumber2xx(wherexxisyourgroup

number). Saveandenterthemessageinyourvalidationentry.

Point to Message and select

Environment → Maintain Messages)

Find your number in the message table. Double-click the line and enter

your message. Save your message. Click the green arrow icon to return

to validation maintenance.

Save your validation.

3. Simulateyour validationand checktheresult.

PointtoyourvalidationandselectValidation→Simulatefromthemenu.

4. ActivatethevalidationforyourcompanycodeACXXforcalluppoint002.

Exit Validation and go back to the screen, Change View “Validation for

Special PurposeLedger/Co.Code”: Overview.

Select New Entries.

Enter the following:

CompanyCode CallupPoint Validation ActivationLevel

ACXX 2 GXX-VAL 1

Enter the following FI-SL document:

Companycode: ACXX (XX=group number)

Document type: A0

Version: 002

Posting date: Current date

Additional entry currency: USD

Target ledger: Your ledger

Your user table: GXX-UTAB

Document line entry:

Rev. account: 810400

Material: T-IC-R2009

Enteranincorrectregion,suchas,Z-001,andseethemessagethatappears.

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AC220 Lesson: Functionality of FI-SL Validations and Substitutions

Solution 8: Validations

Task:

Postings from FI

WhenyoumakeadjustmentpostingsinFI-SL,youmustensurethatthecorrect

combinationofproductsandspecialregionsisenteredforyourcompanycode.

Material: T-IC-R2009

Allowedspecialregions: N-XX1,S-XX1,E-XX1orW-XX1(whereXXisyour

group number.)

Ifanincorrectcombination isentered, thefollowingmessageof typeE should

appear:

Groupxx: Incorrectcombinationmaterial&/region&(wherexxisyourgroup

number)

1. Create a validation GXX-VAL (where XX is your group number) for the

application area GL and the line item.

Select

SAP Reference IMG → Financial Accounting → Special Purpose

Ledger→BasicSettings →Validation→MaintainLocalValidation→

Environment → Validation

Enter the user table GXX-UTAB (where XX is the group number) and

select Continue.

Select the line item and double-click Validation (Create). Enter your

validationwiththedescription,Material/Regions.

Insertthestep,AllowedMaterialandRegions,andusetheFormulaBuilder

to define your prerequisite and check.

a) CreateavalidationGXX-VAL(whereXXisyourgroupnumber)for

theapplicationareaGLincalluppoint0002.

SAPReferenceIMG →Financial Accounting→SpecialPurpose

Ledger→BasicSettings→Validation→MaintainLocalValidation

→ Environment → Validation.

Validation: GXX-VAL

Applicationarea: Special-PurposeLedger(GL)

Callup point: Line item (2)

Select Continue.

User table: GXX-UTAB

Continued on next page

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

Validationdescription: Material/Regions

Select Insert Step.

Validationentrydescription: AllowedMaterialandRegions

Prerequisite → Formula Builder

From the user table, double-click the material GLU1-RMATNR to

select it.

Double-click =

Double-click Constant.

Insert T-IC-R2009.

Result: GLU1-RMATNR= T-IC-R2009

(Material)

Select Back (F3).

Select Check → Formula Builder.

Double-click Special Region.

Double-click =

Double-click Constant.

Insert N-xx1 (xx = your group number).

Double-click OR.

Double-click Special Region.

Double-click =

Double-click Constant.

Insert S-xx1’ and continueup to W-xx1.

Result: Specialregion=N-xx1ORspecialregion=S-xx1ORspecial

region =E-xx1ORspecialregion= W-xx1.

2. Definetherequiredmessagewiththenumber2xx(wherexxisyourgroup

number). Saveandenterthemessageinyourvalidationentry.

Point to Message and select

Environment → Maintain Messages)

Find your number in the message table. Double-click the line and enter

your message. Save your message. Click the green arrow icon to return

to validation maintenance.

Continued on next page

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AC220 Lesson: Functionality of FI-SL Validations and Substitutions

Save your validation.

a) Define the message with the number 2xx (where xx is your group

number). Saveandenterthemessageinyourvalidationentry.

→ Maintain Messages

Message class: Z2

Select Change.

Messagenumber: 2xx(xx=group number)

Usethelogonlanguagetomaintainyourentries.

Enter the following: Incorrect combination material & / region &

(where xx is your group number)

Saveand goback tothe validation entry.

Message type: E

Insert the number 2xx.

Outputfields: 1. GLU1RMATNR3GLU1RZZREGION

Select Check.

Select Back (F3).

Save your validation.

3. Simulateyour validation andcheck the result.

Continued on next page

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

PointtoyourvalidationandselectValidation→Simulatefromthemenu.

a) Simulateyourvalidationandchecktheresult.

Validation → Display → Simulate

Type Object Value

Field GLU1RMATNR T-IC-R2009

Field GLU1RZZREGION Z-001

Select Execute.

Result:

Step Object Value

001 Prerequisite True

001 Check False

00 Messagegroupxx: False E2xx

Result: Validation failed. Message typeE.

4. ActivatethevalidationforyourcompanycodeACXXforcalluppoint002.

Exit Validation and go back to the screen, Change View “Validation for

Special PurposeLedger/Co.Code”: Overview.

Select New Entries.

Enter the following:

CompanyCode CallupPoint Validation ActivationLevel

ACXX 2 GXX-VAL 1

Enter the following FI-SL document:

Companycode: ACXX (XX=group number)

Document type: A0

Version: 002

Posting date: Current date

Additional entry currency: USD

Target ledger: Your ledger

Your user table: GXX-UTAB

Continued on next page

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AC220 Lesson: Functionality of FI-SL Validations and Substitutions

Document line entry:

Rev. account: 810400

Material: T-IC-R2009

Enteranincorrectregion,suchas,Z-001,andseethemessagethatappears.

a) ActivatethevalidationforyourcompanycodeACXXforcalluppoint

002.

ExitValidationandgobacktothescreenChangeView“Validationfor

Special PurposeLedger/Co.Code”:Overview.

Select New Entries.

Enter the following:

Company Callup Validation ActivationLevel

Code Point

ACXX 2 GXX-VAL 1

Save your entries.

Enter the following FI-SL document:

Companycode: ACXX(XX=groupnumber)

Document type: A0

Version: 002

Posting date: Current date

Additional entry currency: USD

Target ledger: Your ledger

Your user table: GXX-UTAB

Document line entry:

Rev. account: 810400

Material: T-IC-R2009

Enter an incorrect region, for example, Z-001, and see themessage

that appears.

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describevalidationand substitutionexamples

• Describe call-up points in validations

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AC220 Lesson: CreationandMaintenanceofValidationsandSubstitutions

Lesson: Creation and Maintenance of Validations and

Substitutions

Lesson Overview

Inthislesson, youwilllearnaboutoperandsandoperators. Youwillalsolearn

about field comparisons. Next, you will learn to use rulesand user exits. You

will cover the formula builder. Finally, you will learn about the processes of

maintenanceofvalidationsandsubstitutionsandactivation.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, youwillbeable to:

• Describe operands and operators

• Explain field comparisons

• Use rules and user exits

• Describe the formula builder

• Explaintheprocessofmaintenanceofvalidationsandsubstitutions

• Explain the process of activation

Business Example

YourCompanyhasafairlyrichmanagementreportingrequirement. Mostofthe

informationneededcomesfrom other application areasbutmust be regrouped

andfurtherenhanced. Insomecases,theinformationmustberefinedtoprovide

summarizeddatainchosencombinations. TheManagementalsorequiresafield

(characteristic)called’SpecialRegion’,whichcanbeusedtoprovideanadditional

geographicalbreakdownincertainfinancialreports. Thisfield(characteristic)has

beencreatedbecauseitisnotdeliveredbySAP.Afterthecharacteristicsandkey

figuresaresortedlogicallyintogroupsfortherequiredreports, databasetables

mustbegeneratedandinstalledforthevariousFI-SLcomponentsbeforetheycan

be made available for update and reporting.

Businessmanagershavetoensurethat anyadjustmentpostingsmadeinFI-SL

arerestrictedtothecorrectversionanddocumenttype. Additionally,thecorrect

combinationsofBusinessLinesandrevenuesforspecialreportsmustfeaturein

suchpostings. Thesamemanagershavedecidedtoreorganizeandregrouptheir

RegionalBusinessLinesintohigher-levelLinesofBusinessandtoaggregatethe

revenues for special reports.

To ensure the verification and consistency of the information entered, FI-SL

ValidationandSubstitutionfacilitiesareinvestigated,tested,andenforced.

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

Operands and Operators

Figure 95: Operands and Operators

The following elements are used to create rules for prerequisite statements

(validationandsubstitution)andcheckstatements(validation):

Operands:

• Logical operators (Boolean logic)

• Comparison operators

Field Comparisons

Figure96: ValidationsandSubstitutions: FieldComparison

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AC220 Lesson: CreationandMaintenanceofValidationsandSubstitutions

There are four types of field comparison:

• 1. Fieldconstantcomparison: <Table>$field=’literal’

• 2. Subfieldcomparison: <Table>$fname:n1-n2op’fvalue’

:<Table>$fname:n1- op ’fvalue’

:<Table>$fname:n1: op ’fvalue’

n1: positionofthefirstcharacterintheintervaltobecompared

n2: positionofthelastcharacterintheintervaltobecompared

n1: fromthenthpositioninthefieldtotheendofthefield

n: the nth position

• 3. Fieldcomparison:<Table>$field1=<Table>$field2

• 4. Example comparison: Text example can be compared using the key

word, LIKE.

Thesymbol,*,standsforanycombinationofcharacters. Thesymbol,+,stands

for a single character.

Example: <GLU1>$RCNTR LIKE’*3*3’ applies to the cost centers 33, 363,

and 32433.

Using Rules and User Exits

Figure 97: ValidationsandSubstitutions: HowtoUseRules

AruleisaBooleanstatementthatisused inaprerequisite,check, orinanother

rule.

If a Boolean statement is frequently used or if it contains complex logic, you

can create a rule for it.

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

Youcantakethisrulefromtherulelistanduseitinyourvalidationorsubstitution.

Figure 98: Validation and Substitution: User Exits

Formula Builder

Figure 99: Formula Builder

TheFormulaBuilderprovidesaneasy-to-useinterfacetoinputarithmeticaland

logical expressions.

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AC220 Lesson: CreationandMaintenanceofValidationsandSubstitutions

Dependingonthecontextfortheformulationrequired,youaregivenbuttonsto

press, whichprovideOperandsandOperatorsfor logicalexpressionsthathave

to be inserted in the formula.

Yourentryischeckedstepbystepforcorrectsyntaxincludingparentheses.

Dependingonyourentries,thesystemwillallowyoutoonlydisposeofthecorrect

logicalformulationtoguaranteeafullycorrectstatement. Errorsinenteringyour

rules are therefore scored out.

Theuseoftechnicalnames,aswasthecaseinthepast(tablesandfieldnames),is

stillsupported,buttheoptionsyoucanusearedeliveredusingpressbuttonsand

texts. Thisenhancesthecomfortofhandlingalogicthatisintrinsicallytechnical.

Maintenance of Validations and Substitutions

Figure 100: Validations: Maintenance

Eachvalidationcancontainupto999stepsandeachstepconsistofa

• Prerequisite

• Check

• Message

Prerequisites and checks contain the same fields and have the same field

processing options.

You can use a message that has already been defined or you can create a new

message for the validation.

You can include up to four fields in a message. The $ sign in the message

representstheplaceholdersfor thefieldstobeoutput.

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

Themessagestobeoutputcanhavedifferentlevelsofseverity:

• I = Information

• W = Warning

• E = Error (the user must correct the entry)

• C = Cancel

Figure 101: Substitution: Maintenance

A substitution can also contain upto 999 steps.

A substitution step consists of a :

• Prerequisite

• Substitution

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AC220 Lesson: CreationandMaintenanceofValidationsandSubstitutions

Activation

Figure 102: Activation

Avalidation/substitutionisactivatedforeachofthefollowing:

• An ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT (in FI-SL: Company code or global

company)

• ACALLUPPOINT(inFI-SL:0001(documentheader)or0002(document

line))

• Avalidationorsubstitutioncanbevalidforseveralcompanycodes/global

companies at the same time.

Beforeyouperformavalidation/substitution,itmustbeactivated. Thefollowing

levels of activation are possible:

• 0 Inactive

• 1 Active

• 2 Active, except for batch input

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

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AC220 Lesson: CreationandMaintenanceofValidationsandSubstitutions

Exercise 9: Substitutions

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Define and execute a substitution in FI-SL

Business Example

Themanagershavedecidedtoreorganizeandregrouptheirregionsintozonesand

aggregate the revenues for special reports.

Task:

Substitution

Postings to your regions N-xx1, S-xx1, E-xx1, and W-xx1 are to be replaced

by the following four zones:

NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, and WEST

1. Create the substitution, Gxx-SUB (xx = your group number) for the

applicationareaspecialpurposeledgerandthelineitem. Usetheusertable,

Gxx-UTAB,andenterthedescription,SubstitutionRegions.

In the menu, select:

SAPReferenceIMG→FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger

→ Basic Settings → Substitution → Maintain Local Substitution →

Environment → Substitution

SelectthelineitemandentertheusertableGXX-UTAB.SelectContinue

andenter your validation. Select Insert Step.

2. Usethecorrespondingfieldtoenterfoursteps,andusetheFormulaBuilder

todefineaprerequisiteforeachsteprequiredinyoursubstitution. Ineach

step,enterthesubstitutedvalues(NORTH,SOUTH,EAST,andWEST)and

then check each step.

3. Save your substitution.

4. Simulatethesubstitutiontochecktheresult: (Substitutioninitialscreen→

Simulate)

5. Activatethesubstitutionforyourcompanycodeincalluppoint0002.

ExitSubstitutionandgobacktothescreenChangeView“Substitutionfor

Special PurposeLedger/Co.Code”: Overview.

Select New Entries.

Continued on next page

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

Enter the following:

CompanyCode CallupPoint Substitution ActivationLevel

ACXX 2 GXX-SUB 1

SAPReferenceIMG→FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger

→BasicSettings→Substitution→MaintainSubstitution

6. EnterthefollowingFI-SLdocumentlines. UsethedocumenttypeA0and

user table GXX-UTAB:

The version for this posting is 1.

Account SpecialRegion Amount in USD

810200 N-xx1 5,000.00

810200 S-xx1 6,000.00

810300 W-xx1 1,000.00

810400 E-xx1 2,000.00

7. Check your postings (and substituted regions) using the FI-SL display

function for actual local documents.

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AC220 Lesson: CreationandMaintenanceofValidationsandSubstitutions

Solution 9: Substitutions

Task:

Substitution

Postings to your regions N-xx1, S-xx1, E-xx1, and W-xx1 are to be replaced

by the following four zones:

NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, and WEST

1. Create the substitution, Gxx-SUB (xx = your group number) for the

applicationareaspecialpurposeledgerandthelineitem. Usetheusertable,

Gxx-UTAB,andenterthedescription,SubstitutionRegions.

In the menu, select:

SAPReferenceIMG→FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger

→ Basic Settings → Substitution → Maintain Local Substitution →

Environment → Substitution

SelectthelineitemandentertheusertableGXX-UTAB.SelectContinue

andenter your validation. Select Insert Step.

a) Createthesubstitution,Gxx-SUB(wherexxisyourgroupnumber)for

theapplicationareaGLandthecalluppoint0002. Usetheusertable,

Gxx-UTAB,andenterthedescription,SubstitutionRegions.

SAPReferenceIMG →Financial Accounting→SpecialPurpose

Ledger → Basic Settings → Substitution → Maintain Local

Substitution→Environment →Substitution

Substitution: Gxx-SUB

Applicationarea: SpecialPurposeLedger(GL)

Callup point: Line item (2)

Select Continue.

User table: GXX-UTAB

Validationdescription: Regions→ZONES

Continued on next page

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

2. Usethecorrespondingfieldtoenterfoursteps,andusetheFormulaBuilder

todefineaprerequisiteforeachsteprequiredinyoursubstitution. Ineach

step,enterthesubstitutedvalues(NORTH,SOUTH,EAST,andWEST)and

then check each step.

a) Usethecorrespondingfieldtoenterfoursteps, andusetheFormula

Builder to define a prerequisite for each step required in your

substitution. Ineachentry,enterthesubstitutedvaluesandthencheck

each step.

Select Insert Step.

a. SelectthefieldGLU1-RZZREGIONfromtheusertableandchoose

Continue

b. Description for the substitution entry: Special region: ZONE

NORTH ‘

c. Prerequisite Formula Builder

d. Double-click Special Region

e. Double- click =

f. Double-click Constant

g. Insert N-xx1 (xx=your group number)

Result: Special region = N-xx1

m. Select Back

n. Enter the substitution valueNORTH

o. Check the substitution step

p. Select Back

Insertanentryandrepeattheentriesa. top. forSOUTH,EAST,and

WEST.

3. Save your substitution.

a) Save your substitution.

Continued on next page

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AC220 Lesson: CreationandMaintenanceofValidationsandSubstitutions

4. Simulatethesubstitutiontochecktheresult: (Substitutioninitialscreen→

Simulate)

a) Simulatethesubstitutiontochecktheresult: (Substitutioninitialscreen

→ Display → Simulate)

Step Object Value

Field GLU1 RZZREGION N-xx1

Select Execute.

Result:

Step Object Value

001 Prerequisite OK

001 Result NORTH

5. Activatethesubstitutionforyourcompanycodeincalluppoint0002.

ExitSubstitutionandgobacktothescreenChangeView“Substitutionfor

Special PurposeLedger/Co.Code”: Overview.

Select New Entries.

Enter the following:

CompanyCode CallupPoint Substitution ActivationLevel

ACXX 2 GXX-SUB 1

SAPReferenceIMG→FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurposeLedger

→BasicSettings→Substitution→MaintainSubstitution

a) Activatethesubstitutionforyourcompanycodeincalluppoint0002.

ExitSubstitutionandgobacktothescreenChangeView“Substitution

forSpecialPurposeLedger/Co.Code”: Overview.

Select New Entries.

Enter the following:

CoCode Callup Substitution ActivationLevel

point

ACXX 2 GXX-SUB 1

Select Save.

Continued on next page

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Unit5: Validations,Substitutions,andRules AC220

6. EnterthefollowingFI-SLdocumentlines. UsethedocumenttypeA0and

user table GXX-UTAB:

The version for this posting is 1.

Account SpecialRegion Amount in USD

810200 N-xx1 5,000.00

810200 S-xx1 6,000.00

810300 W-xx1 1,000.00

810400 E-xx1 2,000.00

a) EntertheFI-SLdocumentasindicatedinyourexercise:

7. Check your postings (and substituted regions) using the FI-SL display

function for actual local documents.

a) Checkyourpostings(andsubstitutedregions)usingtheFI-SLdisplay

function for actual local documents.

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AC220 Lesson: CreationandMaintenanceofValidationsandSubstitutions

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describe operands and operators

• Explain field comparisons

• Use rules and user exits

• Describe the formula builder

• Explaintheprocessofmaintenanceofvalidationsandsubstitutions

• Explain the process of activation

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UnitSummary AC220

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describevalidationand substitutionexamples

• Describe call-up points in validations

• Describe operands and operators

• Explain field comparisons

• Use rules and user exits

• Describe the formula builder

• Explaintheprocessofmaintenanceofvalidationsandsubstitutions

• Explain the process of activation

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AC220 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

1. What is the function of validation?

2. Callup point 2 is used to check the fields in a document line for a

oraFI-SLadjustmentposting.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

3. Comparison operators include:

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A Equal to

□ B Implication

□ C Like

□ D Less than or equal to

4. Provideanytwo examplesoffieldcomparison.

5. IfaBooleanstatementisfrequentlyusedorifitcontainscomplexlogic,you

cannot create a rule for it.

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

6. Theuseoftechnicalnamesisnotsupportedintheformulabuilder.

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

7. Asubstitutionstepconsistsofa andasubstitution.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

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TestYourKnowledge AC220

8. Avalidationorsubstitutioncanbevalidforseveralcompanycodesorglobal

companies at the same time.

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

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AC220 Test Your Knowledge

Answers

1. What is the function of validation?

Answer: Validationallowsyoutodefineyourownchecksforspecificfields

whena businesstransaction isbeing processed.

2. Callup point 2 is used to check the fields in a document line for a G/L

account postingor aFI-SLadjustment posting.

Answer: G/L account posting

3. Comparison operators include:

Answer: A, D

Comparisonoperatorsincludethe’Equalto’and’Lessthanorequalto’signs.

4. Provideanytwo examplesoffieldcomparison.

Answer: Fieldconstantcomparisonandsubfieldcomparisonareexamples

of field comparison.

5. IfaBooleanstatementisfrequentlyusedorifitcontainscomplexlogic,you

cannot create a rule for it.

Answer: False

If a Boolean statement is frequently used or if it containscomplex logic,

you can create a rule for it.

6. Theuseoftechnicalnamesisnotsupportedintheformulabuilder.

Answer: False

The use of technical names is supported in the formula builder, but the

optionsyoucanusearedeliveredusingpressbuttonsandtexts.

7. Asubstitutionstepconsistsofaprerequisiteandasubstitution.

Answer: prerequisite

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TestYourKnowledge AC220

8. Avalidationorsubstitutioncanbevalidforseveralcompanycodesorglobal

companies at the same time.

Answer: True

Avalidationorsubstitutioncanbevalidforseveralcompanycodesorglobal

companies at the same time.

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Unit 6

Sets and Basic Feature Of the Report

Painter

Unit Overview

Thisunitwillprovideinformationpertainingtothedifferentsettypes. Youwill

learnhowtocreatesets. Youwillalsolearnhowtodefineandexecuteasimple

report.

Unit Objectives

After completing thisunit, you will beableto:

• Describe how to use sets

• Describethefeaturesof basicsetsandsinglesets

• Selectthereportpaintercomponentsforreportrowsandcolumns

• Select the characteristicsfor theentire report

Unit Contents

Lesson: Sets.....................................................................198

Exercise 10: Sets/Painter .................................................205

Lesson: Report Painter Components ........................................212

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

Lesson: Sets

Lesson Overview

Thislessondescribeshowtousesetstocontroldatacallinganddisplaying. Italso

describeshowtousebasicsetsandsinglesetsinreports,planning,andallocation.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Describe how to use sets

• Describethefeaturesof basicsetsand singlesets

Business Example

Themanagement requiresanexpenseaccount report for thecurrent year. This

reportshouldbeorganizedasahierarchyofexpenseaccounts. Asamemberof

theprojectteamthatcreatesreports,youhavebeengiventhetaskofcreatingthis

report. Youneedtousesetstorepresentthishierarchyinthereportyoucreate.

Overview of Sets

Figure103: SetsandBasicFeaturesoftheReportPainter: Overview

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AC220 Lesson: Sets

Using Sets

Figure 104: Using Sets

Asetisaflexibledatastructureusedtorepresent values, rangesofvalues, and

hierarchies.

Sets are maintained centrally.

Setsare usedin almostallareasof FI-SL, such as:

• Formulae (using Boolean logic) for validation, substitution, and ledger

selection

• Reporting (Report Writer and Report Painter)

• Allocation (assessment and distribution)

• Planning

• Roll-ups

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

Figure 105: Using Sets in Logical Rules

Youcanentersetsinaprerequisiteorcheck,insteadofusingfields. Inthiscase,

therulethatis used isTable field INSETNAME

Setscontainvaluesorvalueintervalsforaspecificfield.

The above example uses thefollowing logic:

Iftheuserisdefinedintheset,USERGROUP,checkwhetherornottheuseruses

oneofthefunctionalareascontainedintheset,ADMIN-FAREAS.

Figure 106: Cross-Table Set Usage

Setscanbeusednotonlyforthetablefieldforwhichtheywerecreatedbutfor

every compatible table field.

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AC220 Lesson: Sets

Representativedataelementinaset. Therepresentativedataelementofasetor

variablecontrolsthewayinwhichsetsandvariablescanbeusedfortablefields.

Setsandvariablescanbeusedforaparticulartablefieldifoneofthefollowing

conditions is met:

Setsand variablesare created for the tablefield.

Setsandvariablesarecreatedforatablefieldthathasthesamedataelement.

Setsandvariableswerecreatedforatablefieldthathasadifferentdataelement

but the same representative data element.

Iftwotablefieldshavedifferentdataelementsbutthesametechnicalproperties,a

representativedataelementdefinesthatsetsandvariablescanbeusedforboth

the table fields.

Forexample,dataelements,KSTARandRACCT,havethesamerepresentative

dataelement,SAKNR(thisnameisstoredintable,SETDTEL).

DataelementRepr. Data element

KSTAR SAKNR

RACCT SAKNR

In a report for table GLFUNCT for the Account characteristic (field

GLFUNCT-RACCTwithdataelementRACCT),youcanuseallthesetscreated

fortablefieldswiththedataelements,KSTAR,RACCT,orSAKNR.

Basic Sets

Figure 107: Basic Set

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

A basic set contains several values (single valuesor valueranges) that use the

same characteristic.

Figure 108: Basic Set

You can add single values or value ranges.

Theintervalsarereleasedif asetisusedasaset lineinareport. Thisdoesnot

apply to column sets.

Single Sets

Figure 109: Single Set

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AC220 Lesson: Sets

A single-dimension (characteristic) set combines basic sets and other

single-dimension sets.

Allthesetsinasingle-dimension(characteristic)setusethesamecharacteristic.

Figure 110: Defining Single Sets

Single-dimension(Characteristic)setsareusedtocreatehierarchiesinthesame

field(characteristic)andconsistofbasicand/orsingle-dimensionsets.

Figure 111: Defining Single-Dimension Sets: Example

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

Two examples of single-dimension sets:

• P andLAccounts: Revenueandexpenseaccounts

• Expenseaccounts: PersonnelaccountsandAdminaccounts

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AC220 Lesson: Sets

Exercise 10: Sets/Painter

Exercise Objectives

After completingthisexercise, youwillbeableto:

• Definebasic, single, andmultidimensionsetsthat youcan useinreports,

planning, allocations, and rollups

Business Example

SetsareakeycomponentofFI-SLapplications. Setscontrolhowdataiscalled

from the database and displayed.

Participantsneedtoanalyzetheuseofsetstoorganizeandgroupdata.

Theywill identifythelogicinvolvedinset structuresandusesetsin theFI-SL

components: reporting, allocation, planning,androllup.

Task:

Todefinesets, select thefollowingmenupathitems:

SAPEasyAccess→Accounting→FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurpose

Ledger→Tools→SetMaintenance →Sets→Create

Define all your sets for the table ZSLTABT.

AllofyoursetsshouldstartwiththeprefixGXX(XX=yourgroupnumber).

1. Basic Sets

Account number (field RACCT)

GXX-WAGES Wages

420000

421000

GXX-SALARY Salaries

430000

431000

GXX-GEN-EXPENSE General Expenses

472000

476000

Special region (Field RZZREGION

GXX-SPECREG Special regions

Continued on next page

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

N-XX1

S-XX1

E-XX1

W-XX1

(XX = your group number)

GXX-REVENUESRevenues(Ref. set: G99-REVENUES)

810200

810300

810400

Functional area (field RFAREA)

GXX-FAREASRevenues(Ref. set: G99-FAREA)

0300

0400

0500

GXX-ZONES Regions(Ref. set: G99-ZONES)

NORTH

SOUTH

EAST

WEST

Material (field RMATNR)

GXX-PRODUCTSProducts(Ref. set: G99-Products)

T-IC-F1001

T-IC-F1002

T-IC-F1003

T-IC-R2007

T-IC-R2008

T-IC-R2009

Ledger (Field RLDNR)

GXX-LEDGER Ledger AA (or.RR)

AA (or.RR)

Continued on next page

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AC220 Lesson: Sets

Version (Field RVERS)

GXX-VERS1 Version 1

2. SINGLE-SET

Account number (field RACCT)

GXX-OVERHEAD Overhead Accounts

001 GXX-WAGES

002 GXX-SALARY

003 GXX-GEN-EXPENSE

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

Solution 10: Sets/Painter

Task:

Todefinesets, selectthefollowingmenupathitems:

SAPEasyAccess→Accounting→FinancialAccounting→SpecialPurpose

Ledger→Tools→SetMaintenance→Sets→Create

Define all your sets for the table ZSLTABT.

AllofyoursetsshouldstartwiththeprefixGXX(XX=yourgroupnumber).

1. Basic Sets

Account number (field RACCT)

GXX-WAGES Wages

420000

421000

GXX-SALARY Salaries

430000

431000

GXX-GEN-EXPENSE General Expenses

472000

476000

Special region (Field RZZREGION

GXX-SPECREG Special regions

N-XX1

S-XX1

E-XX1

W-XX1

(XX = your group number)

GXX-REVENUESRevenues(Ref. set: G99-REVENUES)

810200

810300

810400

Functional area (field RFAREA)

Continued on next page

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AC220 Lesson: Sets

GXX-FAREASRevenues(Ref. set: G99-FAREA)

0300

0400

0500

GXX-ZONESRegions(Ref. set: G99-ZONES)

NORTH

SOUTH

EAST

WEST

Material (field RMATNR)

GXX-PRODUCTSProducts(Ref. set: G99-Products)

T-IC-F1001

T-IC-F1002

T-IC-F1003

T-IC-R2007

T-IC-R2008

T-IC-R2009

Ledger (Field RLDNR)

GXX-LEDGER Ledger AA (or.RR)

AA (or.RR)

Version (Field RVERS)

GXX-VERS1 Version 1

Continued on next page

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

a) Basic Sets

Examplesolution for set GXX-WAGES

Set ID: GXX-WAGES

Table: ZSLTABT

Set type: Basic Set

Select Enter.

Field name: RACCT

Description: Wages

Set lines:

Values:

420000, 421000

Save the set.

2. SINGLE-SET

Account number (field RACCT)

GXX-OVERHEAD Overhead Accounts

001 GXX-WAGES

002 GXX-SALARY

003 GXX-GEN-EXPENSE

a) Single Set

ExamplesolutionforthesetGXX-OVERHEAD

Set ID: GXX-OVERHEAD

Table: ZSLTABT

Set type: Single Set

Select Enter.

Field name: RACCT

Description: Overhead postings

Set lines:

Set ID:

GXX-WAGES,GXX-SALARY,GXX-GEN-EXPENSE

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AC220 Lesson: Sets

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describe how to use sets

• Describethefeaturesof basicsetsandsinglesets

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

Lesson: Report Painter Components

Lesson Overview

Thislessondescribeshowtoselectthecomponentsthatyouwanttouseinyour

report rowsand columns. Italso explainshowtoselectthecharacteristicsthat

are valid for the entire report.

Lesson Objectives

After completingthislesson, you will beable to:

• Selectthereportpaintercomponentsforreportrowsandcolumns

• Select the characteristicsfor theentire report

Business Example

The management requires an expense report with quarterly data structured

according to accounts and special regions. The cost element-wise breakup of

functional area should represent rows and a quarterly breakup of actual costs,

plannedcosts, andvariancesshouldrepresentcolumns. Youneedtodefinethe

characteristicsandkeyfigurecomponentsofReportPaintertodesignthelayout

of the report.

Defining Characteristics for Rows and Columns

Figure 112: Rows and Columns

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AC220 Lesson: Report Painter Components

Youcandefinearowusingacombinationofcharacteristicvaluesoraformula.

Row formulae can only refer to other rows.

Columnscontainacombinationofakeyfigure(numericalvalue)withadditional

optionalcharacteristicvalues. YoucanalsousepredefinedKeyFigurecolumns,

which represent business-related combinations of basic key figures and

characteristics,suchasPlanLocalCurrency,AccumulatedToPeriod,andVersion

XXX.

Figure 113: Entering Report Rows

Youselectthecharacteristicsthatyouwanttouseinyourreportrowsandenter

the appropriate values for thesecharacteristics.

Youcanenteravalue,anintervalofvalues,agroup(set),oravaluevariable. In

addition,youcansetthevariableforeachcharacteristic.

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

Figure 114: Entering Report Columns

Selectakeyfigureorthecharacteristicstobeusedforthereportcolumnsandyour

basickeyfigure. Ifrequired,youcanoverwritethedefaultvalues.

Youcanenteravalue,anintervalofvalues,agroup(set),oravaluevariable. You

can also set the variablefor each characteristic.

Figure 115: Formula

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AC220 Lesson: Report Painter Components

Defining Characteristics for the Entire Report

Figure 116: General Selection:

Afteryoudefinetherowsandcolumns,youdefinethecharacteristicsandvalues

thatyouwanttouseasgeneraldataselectioncriteria. Thesearethecharacteristics

thatarevalidfortheentirereport. Asaresult,thecharacteristicsarenotusedin

the rows or columns.

Figure 117: Exploding Report Rows

You can define a row by entering a combination of characteristic values or a

formula.

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Unit6: SetsandBasicFeatureOftheReportPainter AC220

In the first case, when using groups or several single values, you can also

determine whether or not:

• Only one summary row is to be displayed

• Thecompletegrouphierarchywithallsubtotalsistobeexploded

• All values in a row are to be displayed

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AC220 Lesson: Report Painter Components

Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Selectthereportpaintercomponentsforreportrowsandcolumns

• Select the characteristicsfor theentire report

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UnitSummary AC220

Unit Summary

You should now be able to:

• Describe how to use sets

• Describethefeaturesof basicsetsand singlesets

• Selectthereportpaintercomponentsforreportrowsandcolumns

• Select the characteristicsfor theentire report

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AC220 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

1. Setscontainvaluesor foraspecificfield.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

2. Whichoftheseareexamplesofsingle-dimensionsets?

Choosethecorrectanswer(s).

□ A P and L accounts

□ B Balance Sheet

□ C Personnel accounts

□ D Admin.accounts

3. You can enter a value, an interval of values, or a group (set), or a value

variableorasetvariableforthe inthereport.

Fillintheblankstocompletethesentence.

4. Generaldataselectioncriteriacharacteristicsarethecharacteristicsthatare

valid for the report rows and columns.

Determinewhetherthisstatementistrueorfalse.

□ True

□ False

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TestYourKnowledge AC220

Answers

1. Setscontainvaluesorvalueintervalsforaspecificfield.

Answer: value intervals

2. Whichoftheseareexamplesofsingle-dimensionsets?

Answer: A, C

PandLAccounts,Personnelaccounts,andAdmin. accountsareexamples

of single-dimension sets.

3. You can enter a value, an interval of values, or a group (set), or a value

variableorasetvariableforthecharacteristicinthereport.

Answer: characteristic

4. Generaldataselectioncriteriacharacteristicsarethecharacteristicsthatare

valid for the report rows and columns.

Answer: False

Generaldataselectioncriteriacharacteristicsarethecharacteristicsthatare

valid for the entire report.

220